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BMJ Open Ophthalmology Dec 2023Colour scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) offers several advantages, including improved image quality and better visualisation of the retinal structures compared with...
OBJECTIVE
Colour scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) offers several advantages, including improved image quality and better visualisation of the retinal structures compared with colour fundus photograph (CFP). This study aimed to identify whether cSLO could be used to predict systemic arterial stiffness.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
We retrospectively analysed the data of 54 patients with 103 eyes. In addition to blood pressure and blood data, all patients had cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measurements, as well as images of the fundus acquired using cSLO and CFP. We determined the retinal artery sclerosis (RAS) index from the colour of the retinal artery in cSLO images, the ratio of arterial to venous diameter (A/V ratio), and Scheie's classification in CFP images. The correlation between each parameter and CAVI was examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and the correlation between Scheie's classification and CAVI was examined using Steel-Dowass tests.
RESULTS
CAVI showed a significant positive correlation with the RAS index (r=0.679, p<0.001) but not with the A/V ratio or Scheie's classification. Multiple regression analysis showed that the RAS index was significantly and independently correlated with CAVI.
CONCLUSION
cSLO is a non-invasive imaging modality that has the potential to accurately and instantaneously detect early systemic arterial stiffness.
Topics: Humans; Arterioles; Retrospective Studies; Vascular Stiffness; Color; Ophthalmoscopes; Lasers
PubMed: 38057107
DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001456 -
Acta Ophthalmologica Sep 2014Recently, the authors encountered an intriguing and largely incomplete ophthalmoscope. The quest to identify and restore it led to a re-evaluation of the evolution of...
Recently, the authors encountered an intriguing and largely incomplete ophthalmoscope. The quest to identify and restore it led to a re-evaluation of the evolution of the modern-day ophthalmoscope and a re-examination of the life and contributions of its inventor, the Norwegian ophthalmologist Hjalmar August Schiøtz.
Topics: History, 19th Century; Humans; Norway; Ophthalmology; Ophthalmoscopes; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 25259396
DOI: 10.1111/aos.12274 -
Oftalmologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990) 1999
Topics: History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Microscopy; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy; Romania
PubMed: 10681129
DOI: No ID Found -
Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.) Oct 2017To evaluate construct and face validity of the Eyesi Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope Simulator. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To evaluate construct and face validity of the Eyesi Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope Simulator.
METHODS
The performance of 25 medical students (Group A) was compared with that of 17 ophthalmology and optometry trainees (Group B) on the Eyesi Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope Simulator. During the course of a single session, each participant viewed an orientation module followed by an instruction session and a demonstration case, and performed 6 cases of progressively increasing difficulty (4 levels) and a 10-question face validity questionnaire. Outcomes included total score, total examination time, percent retina examined, and duration of eye exposure to light.
RESULTS
Group B achieved significantly better total scores than Group A on all difficulty levels (P = 0.02, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, and P = 0.0001, for Levels 1-4, respectively) and had a significantly faster mean duration of examination (8 minutes 58 seconds vs. 5 minutes 21 seconds, P < 0.0001). Medical students reported higher scores in the face validity questionnaire for the simulator experience being helpful at orienting them to true indirect ophthalmology, and that further training on the simulator would improve their skills in the clinic (P = 0.03 for all).
CONCLUSION
The Eyesi Binocular Indirect Ophthalmoscope Simulator has significant construct and face validity and shows promise for medical education.
Topics: Adult; Clinical Competence; Computer Simulation; Female; Humans; Internship and Residency; Male; Ophthalmology; Ophthalmoscopes; Reproducibility of Results; Students, Medical; User-Computer Interface
PubMed: 28045850
DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001438 -
Ophthalmic Surgery and Lasers 1995
Review
Topics: Eye Diseases; Humans; Laser Coagulation; Ophthalmoscopes
PubMed: 8746577
DOI: No ID Found -
Eye (London, England) Mar 2016Direct ophthalmoscopy is an essential skill that students struggle to learn. A novel 'teaching ophthalmoscope' has been developed that allows a third person to observe... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Direct ophthalmoscopy is an essential skill that students struggle to learn. A novel 'teaching ophthalmoscope' has been developed that allows a third person to observe the user's view of the fundus.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the potential use of this device as an aid to learning, and as a tool for objective assessment of competence.
METHODS
Participants were randomised to be taught fundoscopy either with a conventional direct ophthalmoscope (control) or with the teaching device (intervention). Following this teaching session, participant competence was assessed within two separate objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) stations: the first with the conventional ophthalmoscope and the second with the teaching device. Each station was marked by two independent masked examiners. Students were also asked to rate their own confidence in fundoscopy on a scale of 1-10. Scores of competence and confidence were compared between groups. The agreement between examiners was used as a marker for inter-rater reliability and compared between the two OSCE stations.
RESULTS
Fifty-five medical students participated. The intervention group scored significantly better than controls on station 2 (19.8 vs 17.6; P=0.01). They reported significantly greater levels of confidence in fundoscopy (7.3 vs 4.9; P<0.001). Independent examiner scores showed significantly improved agreement when using the teaching device during assessment of competence, compared to the conventional ophthalmoscope (r=0.90 vs 0.67; P<0.001).
CONCLUSION
The teaching ophthalmoscope is associated with improved confidence and objective measures of competence, when compared with a conventional direct ophthalmoscope. Used to assess competence, the device offers greater reliability than the current standard.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Female; Humans; Male; Ophthalmology; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy; Students, Medical; Teaching; Young Adult
PubMed: 26563657
DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.238 -
Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in... 1994The author offers an English translation of three passages of Purkinje's Commentatio de examine physiologico organi visus (1823). He shows that Purkinje made three...
The author offers an English translation of three passages of Purkinje's Commentatio de examine physiologico organi visus (1823). He shows that Purkinje made three inventions: (1) by using a transparent mirror, (2) by anticipating Maxwellian illumination, and (3) by providing the first recorded ophthalmic examination of animal and human eyes.
Topics: Animals; Czechoslovakia; History, 19th Century; Humans; Ophthalmology; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy
PubMed: 7995231
DOI: 10.1007/BF01203560 -
Occupational Health Nursing Aug 1983
Topics: Fundus Oculi; Humans; Occupational Health Nursing; Ophthalmoscopes; Ophthalmoscopy
PubMed: 6554579
DOI: 10.1177/216507998303100801 -
Applied Optics Aug 2003The effectiveness of image stabilization with a retinal tracker in a multifunction, compact scanning laser ophthalmoscope (TSLO) was demonstrated in initial human...
The effectiveness of image stabilization with a retinal tracker in a multifunction, compact scanning laser ophthalmoscope (TSLO) was demonstrated in initial human subject tests. The retinal tracking system uses a co confocal reflectometer with a closed-loop optical servo system to lock onto features in the fundus. The system is multifarious and modular to allow configuration for many research a clinical applications. Adult volunteers were tested without mydriasis to optimize the tracking instrumentation and to characterize imaging performance. The retinal tracking system achieves a bandwidth of greater than 1 kHz, which permits tracking at rates that greatly exceed the maximum rate of motion of the human eye. The TSLO system stabilized images to an accuracy of 0.05 deg in all test subjects during ordinary saccades with a velocity up to approximately 500 deg/s. Feature lock was maintained for minutes despite subject eye blinking. Even when nearly 1000 frames were coadded, image blur was minimal. Successful frame coaddition allowed image acquisition with decreased noise in low-light applications. The retinal tracking system significantly enhances the imaging capabilities of the scanning laser ophthalmoscope.
Topics: Equipment Design; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Lasers; Microscopy, Confocal; Ophthalmoscopes; Retina; Scattering, Radiation
PubMed: 12916631
DOI: 10.1364/ao.42.004621 -
Ultrasonics May 1973
Topics: Blood Flow Velocity; Humans; Ophthalmoscopes; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 4714717
DOI: 10.1016/0041-624x(73)90590-8