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Brain Injury 2019: The association of dispositional optimism with health-related factors has been well established in several clinical populations, but little is known about the role of...
: The association of dispositional optimism with health-related factors has been well established in several clinical populations, but little is known about the role of optimism in recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Given the high prevalence of cognitive complaints after TBI, the present study examined the association between optimism and cognitive functioning after TBI. : 171 individuals with complicated mild, moderate or severe TBI completed a series of questionnaires via structured interview and self-report, including a self-report assessment of dispositional optimism, the revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), and an objective assessment of cognition, the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT). Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between optimism and cognitive functioning. : Dispositional optimism was significantly and positively associated with post-TBI cognitive functioning after controlling for the effects of age, race, injury severity, health status, and positive and negative affect. : Dispositional optimism may promote higher levels of cognitive functioning in people who sustained a TBI. Research is warranted to examine whether interventions that promote optimism in clinical and social encounters can enhance cognitive recovery in individuals with TBI.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Aged; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Cognition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Optimism; Self Report
PubMed: 31055941
DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2019.1606448 -
International Psychogeriatrics Feb 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Optimism
PubMed: 33750502
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610220001490 -
Psychosomatic Medicine May 2024Sleep quality and duration are important for biological restoration and promotion of psychological well-being. Optimism may facilitate or result from sufficient sleep,...
OBJECTIVE
Sleep quality and duration are important for biological restoration and promotion of psychological well-being. Optimism may facilitate or result from sufficient sleep, but questions remain as to directionality. The present study tested how optimism is associated with levels of and variability in sleep quantity and quality in a longitudinal burst design.
METHODS
Midlife and older women ( N = 199) reported their sleep quantity and quality in online diaries for a 7-day period, every 3 months for 2 years. Optimism was measured at baseline and end-of-study. Multilevel models tested the effects of optimism on sleep. Linear regression models tested the effect of sleep on optimism.
RESULTS
Baseline optimism was associated with higher sleep quality ( γ = 2.13 [1.16 to 3.11], p < .0001) and lower intraindividual variability (IIV; night-to-night and wave-to-wave) in sleep quantity (night-to-night: γ = -0.07 [-0.13 to -0.005], p = .03; wave-to-wave: b = -0.07 [-0.12 to -0.02], p = .003). In turn, higher average sleep quality (but not quantity) was associated with higher optimism at end-of-study ( b = 0.02 [0.007 to 0.03], p = .002). Variability in sleep was unrelated to optimism.
CONCLUSIONS
Optimism may play an important role in maintaining sleep quality and consistency in sleep quantity, perhaps by buffering stress. Similarly, sleep quality may play an important role in maintaining optimism. The cycle whereby optimism and sleep enhance one another could improve physical health and psychological well-being among aging adults.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Optimism; Aged; Aging; Sleep Quality; Longitudinal Studies; Sleep
PubMed: 38193773
DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000001281 -
JAMA Psychiatry Jun 2022
Topics: Humans; Optimism; Suicide Prevention
PubMed: 35442414
DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0606 -
The Oncologist Jan 2021This narrative is presented from the objective perspective of a statistician involved in clinical research and compares the often pessimistic view that can develop...
This narrative is presented from the objective perspective of a statistician involved in clinical research and compares the often pessimistic view that can develop solely on the basis of trial data with the more optimistic view necessary to the clinician who is focused on hope for the individual patient.
Topics: Humans; Optimism; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 32869894
DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2020-0543 -
The Journal of Medical Humanities Mar 2022Tragedy is a founding theme in disability studies. Critical disability studies have, since their inception, argued that understandings of disability as tragedy obscure...
Tragedy is a founding theme in disability studies. Critical disability studies have, since their inception, argued that understandings of disability as tragedy obscure the political dimensions of disability and are a barrier facing disabled persons in society. In this paper, we propose an affirmative understanding of tragedy, employing the philosophical works of Nietzsche, Spinoza and Hasana Sharp. Tragedy is not, we argue, something to be opposed by disability politics; we can affirm life within it. To make our case, we look to an ongoing ethnography of two Canadian children's rehabilitation clinics. Looking to the clinical experience of Canadian boys and young men diagnosed with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and those of their families, we show how this affirmative understanding of tragedy allows us to pursue the themes of disability politics within tragedy. Contrary to an optimism that would eschew tragedy at all costs or a pessimistic approach that declines to act in the face of tragic circumstance, we argue that a revised understanding of tragedy allows us to situate the occasionally-tragic clinical experience of disability in a philosophy of life. Both disability and tragedy point us to the shared entanglements that make life what it is.
Topics: Canada; Child; Disabled Persons; Humans; Male; Optimism; Pessimism; Philosophy
PubMed: 31984453
DOI: 10.1007/s10912-020-09612-y -
Journal of American College Health : J... 2023To (1) describe the level of hope, optimism, and gratitude in a sample of minority health professional college students. (2) To examine the association between hope,...
UNLABELLED
To (1) describe the level of hope, optimism, and gratitude in a sample of minority health professional college students. (2) To examine the association between hope, optimism, and gratitude with wellbeing domains.
PARTICIPANTS
One hundred and thirty-two ( = 132) college students from the Nursing, Medicine, and Allied Health programs.
METHODS
Cross-sectional survey study assessed wellbeing across the five domains of positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment.
RESULTS
Mean and Standard Deviation on hope, optimism, and gratitude were 50.2 ± 5.6; 21.7 ± 4.34; and 36.3 ± 5.35, respectively. Hope, optimism, and gratitude were positively associated with domains of wellbeing, controlling for gender and age.
CONCLUSION
Students maintained a positive outlook in life. Hopeful, op6timistic, and grateful students experienced positive emotion, were more engaged in their daily activities, had more supportive relationships, had a better sense of direction in life, and more often accomplished their goals. Interpretations and future directions are discussed.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Students; Universities; Optimism; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34344275
DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1922415 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Dec 2020
Topics: Humans; Optimism; Self Efficacy; Vaccines
PubMed: 33361115
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m4918 -
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Sep 2020
Topics: Anxiety; Brain; Humans; Optimism; Pessimism
PubMed: 32712059
DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.06.001 -
Psychology, Health & Medicine Oct 2022Identifying factors related to healthcare professionals' mental health has become an imperative topic for offering mental health services to foster their psychological...
Identifying factors related to healthcare professionals' mental health has become an imperative topic for offering mental health services to foster their psychological functioning. This study, for the first time, examined the mediating role of optimism and pessimism in the association between parental coronavirus anxiety and depression among Turkish healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included 429 healthcare professionals whose age ranged between 22 and 61 years (50.3% female; = 36.65, = 7.0). Results from mediation analysis revealed that parental coronavirus anxiety had a significant predictive effect on optimism, pessimism, and depression. Optimism and pessimism also had significant predictive effects on depression. Most importantly, optimism and pessimism mitigated the adverse impact of parental coronavirus anxiety on healthcare professionals' depression. The findings suggest that optimism is an essential source in reducing depression symptoms in the face of parental coronavirus experiences. Decision-makers and health organizations may integrate strength-based approaches into their guidelines to address parental coronavirus anxiety and depression.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; COVID-19; Delivery of Health Care; Depression; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Optimism; Pandemics; Parents; Pessimism; Young Adult
PubMed: 34382894
DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1966702