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Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology Oct 1987Thirteen healthy volunteers received 1 mg of alprazolam, as the commercially available oral tablet, by sublingual and oral routes on two occasions in random sequence.... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
Thirteen healthy volunteers received 1 mg of alprazolam, as the commercially available oral tablet, by sublingual and oral routes on two occasions in random sequence. Plasma alprazolam concentrations during 48 hours after each dose were measured by electron-capture gas-liquid chromatography. The peak plasma concentration after sublingual dosage was higher than after oral administration (17.3 vs. 14.9 ng/ml), and the time of peak concentration following sublingual administration was reached (1.17 vs. 1.73 hours after dose). However, these differences did not reach statistical significance. The mean total area under the plasma concentration curve for sublingual administration was slightly but not significantly larger than that following oral dosage (203.7 vs. 194.4 hr.ng/ml) and no significant differences between sublingual and oral dosage were found for elimination half-life (11.7 vs. 11.8 hours) or for clearance (86.4 vs. 92.4 ml/min). Thus, alprazolam absorption following sublingual administration is as rapid as after oral dosage on an empty stomach, and completeness of absorption is comparable. In clinical terms, sublingual and oral dosages of alprazolam are likely to be therapeutically equivalent. The sublingual route may be a useful alternative for panic disorder patients who cannot swallow pills or for those who do not have access to a liquid at the time of dosing.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Sublingual; Adult; Alprazolam; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors
PubMed: 3680603
DOI: No ID Found -
Science (New York, N.Y.) Nov 1953
Topics: Administration, Oral; Plants; Tillandsia
PubMed: 13113205
DOI: 10.1126/science.118.3073.626 -
British Dental Journal Sep 2017
Topics: Administration, Oral; Humans; Pathology, Oral
PubMed: 28937093
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.788 -
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics Jun 2010Our previous study showed that fructose is an important active constituent that is responsible for Si-Wu-Tang's (SWT) effects promoting hematopoiesis and immunity. In...
Our previous study showed that fructose is an important active constituent that is responsible for Si-Wu-Tang's (SWT) effects promoting hematopoiesis and immunity. In order to provide primary data for analysis of the mechanism of fructose's bioactivity, the concentration of serum fructose in rats after a single oral administration dose of Si-Wu-Tang was determined. The concentration of serum fructose in fasting rats was 0.34 ± 0.24 mg/dL. After oral administration of 7.2 mL per kg body weight of SWT extract (1 mL extract corresponds to 1 g SWT dried herbs), serum fructose levels reached a peak concentration of 1.03 ± 0.25 mg/dL within 60 min, and then declined to the baseline level within 180 min, a pattern which is similar to the one reported for oral administration of pure fructose. The peak concentration was only 2-3 times higher than the baseline serum fructose concentration. These results showed that the increase of blood fructose concentration after oral administration of SWT is small and transient, which is very probably due to the quick metabolism of fructose by the liver. We suggest, for future research, it is necessary to consider the probability that fructose's bioactivity on hematopoiesis and immunity is not exerted by fructose in its original form, but after it is metabolized by the liver.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Fructose; Liver; Rats
PubMed: 22491180
DOI: No ID Found -
Oral Diseases Oct 2018
Topics: Administration, Oral; Drug Delivery Systems; Vaccination
PubMed: 28599095
DOI: 10.1111/odi.12697 -
Stanford Medical Bulletin Nov 1950
Topics: Administration, Oral; Cortisone
PubMed: 14787751
DOI: No ID Found -
Medical World Aug 1951
Topics: Administration, Oral; Humans; Neoplasms
PubMed: 14862623
DOI: No ID Found -
Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign... Jan 2022The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic behaviour of mirogabalin in rats and monkeys.Pharmacokinetic parameters of mirogabalin after its oral...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic behaviour of mirogabalin in rats and monkeys.Pharmacokinetic parameters of mirogabalin after its oral and intravenous administration were determined. Distribution study, mass balance study, and metabolite identification were also conducted after the oral administration of [C]mirogabalin.Plasma exposure ( and AUC) increased dose-proportionally after the oral administration of mirogabalin at 1, 3, and 10 mg/kg to rats and monkeys. Mean total body clearance (CL) after intravenous administration at 3 mg/kg was 13.5 mL/min/kg in rats and 9.02 mL/min/kg in monkeys, and absolute bioavailability at 3 mg/kg was 97.6% in rats and 85.2% in monkeys. There was a greater recovery of radioactivity in urine than that in faeces after the oral administration of [C]mirogabalin. The main radioactive component in the plasma, urine, and faeces was mirogabalin. A204-4455 (lactam form), an oxidised metabolite of mirogabalin, mirogabalin -glucuronide and -glucuronide of oxidised A204-4455 were detected as minor components in monkeys and rats.Mirogabalin administered orally was almost completely eliminated urinary excretion. A small part of the orally administered dose of mirogabalin was metabolised glucuronidation at the amine and carboxylic acid moiety and oxidation as the primary metabolic pathway.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Haplorhini; Ligands; Rats
PubMed: 35249464
DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2049396 -
Journal of Drug Targeting Mar 2023Nanotechnology has been a primary strategy to enhance oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs. However, the limited information fate of impedes the...
Nanotechnology has been a primary strategy to enhance oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble drugs. However, the limited information fate of impedes the development of nanoparticles the oral delivery, especially the amorphous nanoparticles with high energy states are rarely reported. This study is to track the translocation of oral herpetrione amorphous nanoparticles (HPE-ANPs). We prepare amorphous particles (ANPs) of various sizes (200 nm and 450 nm), which are embedded with an aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) dyes for tracking the intact nanoparticles. Nanoparticles remain in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) for 8 h following oral administration, suggesting that most ANPs was mainly degraded or absorbed in the small intestine. imaging shows that the fluorescent signals are observed in the GIT and liver but not in other organs, which attributed to low absorption of integral nanoparticles. Besides, HPE-ANPs may be directly interact with GIT epithelia, and ileum provides better absorption than the jejunum. Cellular studies prove that integral HPE-ANPs can be taken up by enterocyte, while it penetrates cell monolayers only small amounts. In conclusion, we speculate that the drug in the form of integral nanoparticles and small molecules may be co-absorbed to improve bioavailability .
Topics: Furans; Administration, Oral; Particle Size; Nanoparticles; Biological Availability
PubMed: 36322516
DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2022.2141754 -
Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing... Apr 2022Hexazinone is a post-emergence herbicide/arboricides, and its acute poisoning has rarely been reported. Hexazinone is low-toxic to humans, but mass intake of hexazinone...
Hexazinone is a post-emergence herbicide/arboricides, and its acute poisoning has rarely been reported. Hexazinone is low-toxic to humans, but mass intake of hexazinone would still lead to organ impairment. This article analyzes a case of acute hexazinone poisoning from the poisoning treatment center of our hospital, and summarizes the symptoms and treatment effects of hexazinone poisoning, which is aimed at improving the comprehension, diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Herbicides; Humans; Poisoning; Triazines
PubMed: 35545601
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20201010-00559