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Lancet (London, England) Nov 1993
Review
Topics: Carrier State; Genome, Viral; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Virus Replication
PubMed: 7901639
DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)92249-s -
Intervirology 1986Sufficient data have accumulated to permit the ICTV Study Group on the Nomenclature of Hepatitis Viruses to recognize human hepatitis B virus as a member of a unique... (Review)
Review
Sufficient data have accumulated to permit the ICTV Study Group on the Nomenclature of Hepatitis Viruses to recognize human hepatitis B virus as a member of a unique group of viruses and to classify it, together with a number of related animal viruses, into a new family called the Hepadnaviridae. Over the past decade, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has been active in the development of a classification system for viruses. The majority of viruses infecting vertebrate hosts have been classified into families and genera on the recommendations of the Vertebrate Virus Subcommittee (VVSC). In June 1980, the VVSC authorized the formation of an ad hoc Study Group on the Nomenclature of Hepatitis Viruses under the Chairmanship of Dr. Ian D. Gust. This paper represents the first report of the Study Group on the Taxonomic Classification of Human Hepatitis B Virus.
Topics: Animals; DNA, Viral; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Molecular Weight; Pan troglodytes; Species Specificity; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 3516924
DOI: 10.1159/000149651 -
Journal of Viral Hepatitis May 1997Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a major public health problem worldwide. Although much information about the molecular biology of HBV has been gained in the... (Review)
Review
Organ and species specificity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: a review of literature with a special reference to preferential attachment of HBV to human hepatocytes.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a major public health problem worldwide. Although much information about the molecular biology of HBV has been gained in the last decades, little is known about the mechanism of attachment and penetration of the HBV particle into human hepatocytes. The HBV envelope proteins are important for the interaction between the HBV particle and the hepatocyte plasma membrane. Although initially it was suggested that the preS2 domain could act, via polymerized human serum albumin, as an attachment site to human hepatocytes, in recent years other observations showed that the preS1 domain is probably the most important attachment site to human hepatocytes. However, controversial findings on cellular proteins for binding to the preS1 domain has been described, namely the IgA-, the IL6-, the asialoglycoprotein receptor and GAPD. Although the preS1 attachment site may be important, apo H has been shown to bind specifically to small HBsAg. Recently, we have identified human liver Annexin V as a specific small HBsAg-binding protein. In a preliminary report, the direct involvement of human Annexin V in the initial step of HBV infection has been demonstrated. A rat hepatoma cell line, which does not express human Annexin V and which is not infectable by HBV, gained the ability to become infected by HBV after transfection with human Annexin V. This result may facilitate the progress of HBV receptor research and elucidate the molecular mechanism of the initial step of HBV infection.
Topics: Animals; Genome, Viral; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Liver; Organ Specificity; Rats; Species Specificity; Transcription, Genetic
PubMed: 9181523
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2893.1997.00126.x -
Liver International : Official Journal... Nov 2021
Topics: Hepatitis B virus; Humans
PubMed: 34562293
DOI: 10.1111/liv.15063 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Sep 2014Rescue antiviral treatment for patients with resistance to preexisting nucleos(t)ide analogues remains a clinical challenge. The correct choice of a first-line treatment... (Review)
Review
Rescue antiviral treatment for patients with resistance to preexisting nucleos(t)ide analogues remains a clinical challenge. The correct choice of a first-line treatment of high potency and with a high genetic barrier to achieve sustained long-term suppression of viral replication provides the best chance of preventing treatment failure and the emergence of drug resistance. The management of treatment failure and drug resistance requires a precise and accurate clinical and virologic monitoring. Combination treatment with antiviral drugs that belong to different groups is associated with a lower chance of developing resistance to rescue drugs. To guarantee better control of viral replication in patients with drug resistance, the addition of another drug without a cross resistance profile should be given as early as possible, preferably at the time when genotypic resistance emerges. Long-term surveillance for treatment efficacy and possible emergence of drug resistance should be continued to prevent the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral; Drug Resistance, Viral; Genotype; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Risk Factors; Treatment Failure; Virus Replication
PubMed: 25206270
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11641 -
PloS One 2011Orthohepadnavirus (mammalian hosts) and avihepadnavirus (avian hosts) constitute the family of Hepadnaviridae and differ by their capability and inability for expression...
Orthohepadnavirus (mammalian hosts) and avihepadnavirus (avian hosts) constitute the family of Hepadnaviridae and differ by their capability and inability for expression of protein X, respectively. Origin and functions of X are unclear. The evolutionary analysis at issue of X indicates that present strains of orthohepadnavirus started to diverge about 25,000 years ago, simultaneously with the onset of avihepadnavirus diversification. These evolutionary events were preceded by a much longer period during which orthohepadnavirus developed a functional protein X while avihepadnavirus evolved without X. An in silico generated 3D-model of orthohepadnaviral X protein displayed considerable similarity to the tertiary structure of DNA glycosylases (key enzymes of base excision DNA repair pathways). Similarity is confined to the central domain of MUG proteins with the typical DNA-binding facilities but without the capability of DNA glycosylase enzymatic activity. The hypothetical translation product of a vestigial X reading frame in the genome of duck hepadnavirus could also been folded into a DNA glycosylase-like 3D-structure. In conclusion, the most recent common ancestor of ortho- and avihepadnavirus carried an X sequence with orthology to the central domain of DNA glycosylase.
Topics: Animals; Avihepadnavirus; DNA Glycosylases; Humans; Orthohepadnavirus; Protein Structure, Secondary; Trans-Activators; Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
PubMed: 21850270
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023392 -
Exosomal miR-145-5p derived from orthohantavirus-infected endothelial cells inhibits HTNV infection.FASEB Journal : Official Publication of... Oct 2020Human infection of orthohantavirus can cause potentially fatal diseases, such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan virus (HTNV) in Eurasia....
Human infection of orthohantavirus can cause potentially fatal diseases, such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Hantaan virus (HTNV) in Eurasia. Exosomes are new carriers for information exchange between cells. Cumulative findings suggest that exosomes released from parental infected cells can block or promote viral infection in recipient cells, but the role of exosomes in hantavirus infection is poorly understood. In our study, we identified the exosomes derived from HTNV-infected human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) (Exo-HV) and found the antiviral properties of Exo-HV in the uninfected recipient cells. High-throughput sequencing revealed the distinctly expressed miRNAs transcriptomes in Exo-HV. MiR-145-5p, one of the abundant miRNAs packaged into Exo-HV, was found to be able to transferred to recipient cells and functioned by directly targeting M RNA of HTNV 76-118 and inducing type I interferon (IFN-I) response, thus, blocking the viral replication. Concluding, this study indicated that exosomes released by HTNV-infected HUVECs were able to transfer active molecules, miR-145-5p as a proving sample, to mediate novel anti-HTNV activity in the neighboring uninfected cells, which will help us to explore new strategies for the treatment of infectious disease utilizing exosomes with miRNA.
Topics: Exosomes; Hantaan virus; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Interferons; MicroRNAs; Orthohepadnavirus; Transcriptome; Virus Replication
PubMed: 32808389
DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001114R -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 1991
Review
Topics: Genes, Viral; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; RNA, Viral; Virion; Virus Replication
PubMed: 1893779
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-76015-0_4 -
Virologica Sinica Aug 2021
Topics: Cell Cycle; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18; Hepatitis B virus
PubMed: 33400093
DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00337-9 -
Advances in Experimental Medicine and... 2010
Review
Topics: Antiviral Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Liver Transplantation
PubMed: 20204760
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0981-7_10