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Acta Virologica 2020Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) often leads to development of chronic liver disease. In fact, 10% of infected adults and almost 90% of infected infants develop... (Review)
Review
Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) often leads to development of chronic liver disease. In fact, 10% of infected adults and almost 90% of infected infants develop chronic hepatitis B associated with severe liver diseases, including acute liver failure, liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. At present there is no effective cure for chronic hepatitis B. The current treatment of chronically infected patients is long-term, expensive and relies on treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogs in combination with immune therapies, that frequently lead to adverse side effects. Recently, the National Institute of Health proposed strategic plan for Trans-NIH research to cure hepatitis B. The key priority is better understanding of HBV life cycle and its interactions with host cell. Due to the fact that HBV is a small double stranded DNA virus encoding only a limited number of proteins, HBV replication widely relies on host cell pathways and proteins. As demonstrated by numerous reports, HBV core protein (HBc) which is the main component of viral nucleocapsid, plays multiple roles in HBV life cycle and is engaged in many protein interaction networks of the host cell. Several recent studies have shown that HBV proteins can be modified by different types of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that affect their protein-protein interactions, subcellular localization and function. In this review, we discuss diverse PTMs of HBc and their role in regulation of HBc function in the context of HBV replication and pathogenesis. Keywords: hepatitis B virus; posttranslational modifications; HBV core protein; phosphorylation; ubiquitination; arginine methylation.
Topics: Hepatitis B Core Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
PubMed: 32551786
DOI: 10.4149/av_2020_207 -
Clinical Gastroenterology and... Jan 2020
Topics: Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Infections
PubMed: 31252194
DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.06.026 -
Liver International : Official Journal... Mar 2023
Topics: Humans; Hepatitis B virus; Antiviral Agents; Virus Replication
PubMed: 36808695
DOI: 10.1111/liv.15522 -
Voprosy Virusologii Mar 2022The review presents information on the role of hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) (HBV) X gene and the protein it encodes (X...
The review presents information on the role of hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae: Orthohepadnavirus: Hepatitis B virus) (HBV) X gene and the protein it encodes (X protein) in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis B. The evolution of HBV from primordial to the modern version of hepadnaviruses (Hepadnaviridae), is outlined as a process that began about 407 million years ago and continues to the present. The results of scientific works of foreign researchers on the variety of the influence of X protein on the infectious process and its role in the mechanisms of carcinogenesis are summarized. The differences in the effect of the X protein on the course of the disease in patients of different ethnic groups with regard to HBV genotypes are described. The significance of determining the genetic variability of X gene as a fundamental characteristic of the virus that has significance for the assessment of risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) spread among the population of the Russian Federation is discussed.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Hepadnaviridae; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Orthohepadnavirus
PubMed: 35293184
DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-84 -
International Journal of Infectious... Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Hepatitis B virus; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 37507084
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.028 -
Current Opinion in Virology Oct 2013Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has improved the outcome of patients. However, due to the multiple selection pressures of different nucleos(t)ide... (Review)
Review
Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has improved the outcome of patients. However, due to the multiple selection pressures of different nucleos(t)ide analogue, drug resistant HBV variants have emerged. Because of the arrangement of overlapping reading frames in HBV genome, these variants not only have clinical implications such as drug resistance, but also the potential to pose public health issues via vaccine escape. Whilst emergence of these variants cannot be prevented, careful selection and institution of the appropriate rescue anti viral therapy based on high genetic barrier and high potency should minimize this outcome.
Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Drug Resistance, Viral; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans
PubMed: 24016777
DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2013.08.006 -
Journal of Hepatology Aug 2022
Topics: Biomarkers; Hepatitis B virus
PubMed: 35398461
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.028 -
Journal of Hepatology 2006Management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients involves serological diagnosis, quantitation of HBV-DNA and measurement of HBV drug resistance. Different... (Review)
Review
Management of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients involves serological diagnosis, quantitation of HBV-DNA and measurement of HBV drug resistance. Different serological markers such as HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc (total and IgM), HBeAg and anti-HBe are assessed by immunoassays in order to define the infection status. The emergence of surface mutants however is a continuous challenge to design more effective immunoassays. Commercially available quantitative HBV-DNA assays with increased sensitivity and wider linear range give a more accurate estimate of viral replication and contribute decisively in the initiation and the monitoring of the response to HBV therapy. Genotypic drug resistance assays are important diagnostic tools, since the administration of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues to HBV infected patients leads to the development of drug resistance patterns very much dependent on the treatment regimen. Special issues have to be taken into consideration regarding HBV/HIV-1 co-infected patients, since concominant HIV and HBV replication results in higher rates of HBV replication. Current efforts are focused on the standardization of HBV-DNA assays (qualitative and quantitative), of HBV drug resistance assays as well as in the development of new assays and markers that will help in the prognosis and management of HBV infection (quantitative detection of pre-core mutants and HBV ccc-DNA assays).
Topics: DNA, Viral; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; Immunoassay; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 16343681
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.11.017 -
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Apr 2023
Topics: Humans; Hepatitis B virus; Liver Cirrhosis
PubMed: 36626636
DOI: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000031 -
Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology... 2023
Topics: Hepatitis B virus; Nucleocapsid; Cell Line
PubMed: 36572389
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.11.012