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Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... Sep 2008Osteomas are relatively rare benign osteogenic neoplasms, characterized by the proliferation of compact and/or cancellous bone. Osteomas can develop as peripheral... (Review)
Review
Osteomas are relatively rare benign osteogenic neoplasms, characterized by the proliferation of compact and/or cancellous bone. Osteomas can develop as peripheral (periosteal) masses attached to the cortical plates or as central lesions arising from endosteal bone surfaces. Although multiple osteomas of the jaws are a hallmark of Gardner syndrome (familial adenomatous polyposis), nonsyndromic cases are typically solitary. A search of the literature identified 91 well documented cases of solitary osteoma of the jaws published since 1955: 93.4% were peripheral and only 6.6% central, a ratio of 14:1 in favor of peripheral osteomas. Solitary central osteomas of the jaws seem to be very rare, with only 6 such cases reported since 1955. Adding the 4 new cases described here brings the total to 10 central osteomas, 30% occurring in the maxilla and 70% in the mandible. Whereas peripheral osteomas are fairly easy to diagnose, central osteomas pose a more challenging diagnostic problem and need to be differentiated from other similar lesions of the jaws, such as central ossifying fibroma, condensing osteitis, idiopathic osteosclerosis, osteoblastoma, cementoblastoma, and complex odontoma. With such a low number of cases of central osteoma reported, the objectives of the present report are to describe 4 new cases, analyze the clinical and radiographic characteristics, and discuss the features which distinguish these lesions from other similar lesions of the jaws.
Topics: Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoma; Radiography
PubMed: 18602294
DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.04.013 -
Journal of Cranio-maxillo-facial... Aug 2005Osteoma is a benign often asymptomatic neoplasm, consisting of well-differentiated mature bone. This paper reports a case of peripheral osteoma located in the anterior... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Osteoma is a benign often asymptomatic neoplasm, consisting of well-differentiated mature bone. This paper reports a case of peripheral osteoma located in the anterior mandibular region and provides a review of the literature about this lesion in the jaws.
PATIENT AND METHODS
A 43-year-old white woman presented with a swelling in the left mandible of 7 years duration. The English literature was reviewed over the past 76 years and data about location, histopathology and number of the peripheral osteomas, sex, and age of the patients were evaluated.
RESULTS
Data analysis showed 69 well-documented cases of peripheral osteoma. Peripheral osteomas are more frequent in the mandible than the maxilla and the cancellous type was most frequent; males and females are equally affected in the mandible; the age range was 9-85 years.
CONCLUSION
The peripheral type of osteoma is most common in the lower jaws, occurs at the surface of the cortical bone and is sessile or pedicled.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Mandibular Neoplasms; Osteoma
PubMed: 15979316
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2005.02.002 -
Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift Jun 2022Osteoid osteomas of the foot are rare, with a varying and atypical clinical as well as radiological presentation impeding early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the...
BACKGROUND
Osteoid osteomas of the foot are rare, with a varying and atypical clinical as well as radiological presentation impeding early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present multicentre study was to 1) analyze epidemiological, clinical and radiological findings of patients with foot osteoid osteomas and to 2) deduce a diagnostic algorithm based on the findings.
METHODS
A total of 37 patients (25 males, 67.6%, mean age 23.9 years, range 8-57 years) with osteoid osteomas of the foot were retrospectively included, treated between 2000 and 2014 at 6 participating tertiary tumor centres. Radiographic images were analyzed, as were patients' minor and major complaints, pain relief and recurrence.
RESULTS
Most osteoid osteomas were located in the midfoot (n = 16) and hindfoot (n = 14). Painful lesions were present in all but one patient (97.3%). Symptom duration was similar for hindfoot and midfoot/forefoot (p = 0.331). Cortical lesions required fewer x‑rays for diagnosis than lesions at other sites (p = 0.026). A typical nidus could be detected in only 23/37 of x‑rays (62.2%), compared to 25/29 CT scans (86.2%) and 11/22 MRIs (50%). Aspirin test was positive in 18/20 patients (90%), 31 patients (83.8%) underwent open surgery. Pain relief was achieved in 34/36 patients (outcome unknown in one), whilst pain persisted in two patients with later confirmed recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS
As previously reported, CT scans seem to be superior to MRIs towards detection of the typical nidus in foot osteoid osteomas. In patients with unclear pain of the foot and inconclusive x‑rays, osteoid osteoma should be considered as differential diagnosis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bone Neoplasms; Child; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoma, Osteoid; Pain; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 34735614
DOI: 10.1007/s00508-021-01966-0 -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Sep 2012Paranasal sinus osteomas are rare benign tumors. Although various theories such as trauma and infection have been proposed, it is difficult to establish the pathogenesis... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Paranasal sinus osteomas are rare benign tumors. Although various theories such as trauma and infection have been proposed, it is difficult to establish the pathogenesis of osteoma. Osteomas may be detected with routine radiographic examination or the tumors may enlarge and cause symptoms. Osteomas most frequently occur in the frontal and ethmoid sinuses, and are rare in the maxillary sinus.
CASE REPORT
In the present study, we report a case of an 18-year-old woman with a maxillary sinus osteoma. Radiographically, the tumor was characterized as a radiopaque, well-delimited lesion in the periapical region of teeth 27 and 28 that had positive sensitivity test. After computed tomographic scanning and complete removal of the tumor, the histopathological diagnosis was osteoma. After 1 year of follow-up, the patient shows no signs of recurrence.
Topics: Adolescent; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms; Osteoma; Radiography, Panoramic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 22020325
DOI: 10.1007/s10006-011-0298-1 -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... Aug 1988Osteoma cutis is a rare tumour of the dermis which can only be diagnosed histologically. Pathogenetically, primary (neoplastic) and secondary (metaplastic) ossification... (Review)
Review
Osteoma cutis is a rare tumour of the dermis which can only be diagnosed histologically. Pathogenetically, primary (neoplastic) and secondary (metaplastic) ossification must be differentiated. Primary ossification may lead to congenital osteomas and occurs in Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and in Gardner's syndrome. Secondary, metaplastic ossification may be seen in association with cutaneous tumours, scars or inflammatory processes.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Facial Neoplasms; Forehead; Humans; Male; Osteoma; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 3065294
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Dermatology Mar 2011Multiple miliary osteoma cutis (MMOC) is a rare nodular skin disease characterized by tiny bone nodules which usually form on the facial skin, typically in middle age.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Multiple miliary osteoma cutis (MMOC) is a rare nodular skin disease characterized by tiny bone nodules which usually form on the facial skin, typically in middle age. The aetiology of this phenomenon is poorly understood.
OBJECTIVES
To search for possible bone formation progenitors and to look for a possible association with mutations in the GNAS gene (encoding the G-protein α-stimulatory subunit) and related hormonal parameters in patients with MMOC. We also reviewed the literature and discuss the aetiology and pathogenesis of adult-onset primary osteomas.
METHODS
We report four cases of MMOC. Histological samples were analysed for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4 and oestrogen receptor-α known to be involved in bone formation. Endocrinological laboratory investigations and hand X-rays were performed to exclude a systemic disease. The GNAS gene was sequenced from DNA extracted from peripheral blood in all four patients and from a skin sample in one patient to exclude somatic mutations.
RESULTS
Histological analyses revealed intramembranous cutaneous bone formation resembling the findings seen in GNAS gene-based osteoma cutis disorders. However, we did not find any germline or somatic GNAS gene mutations in our patients and all laboratory investigations gave normal results. BMP-2 and -4 were expressed normally in MMOC samples, but oestrogen receptor-α was not expressed. Altogether 47 MMOC cases, 41 female and six male, have been published between 1928 and 2009. Of these cases, 55% had a history of pre-existing acne and only 15% had extrafacial osteomas.
CONCLUSIONS
MMOC is a rare but distinct disease entity of unknown aetiology. Histologically, the tiny nodular osteomas show intramembranous superficial ossification but the aetiology appears to be different from GNAS-related disorders. The osteomas seem to increase slowly in number after appearing in middle age.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; Chromogranins; Estrogen Receptor alpha; Facial Neoplasms; Female; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoma; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Skin Neoplasms; Young Adult
PubMed: 21062265
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10121.x -
The Journal of the International... Jul 1962
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Osteoma; Osteoma, Osteoid; Radiography
PubMed: 13912815
DOI: No ID Found -
European Archives of... Aug 2020The olfactory groove (OG) is a common site of iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak during endoscopic sinus surgery. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CSF leak...
PURPOSE
The olfactory groove (OG) is a common site of iatrogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak during endoscopic sinus surgery. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of CSF leak during endoscopic removal of osteomas involving the OG and identify CT findings indicating increased risk of this complication.
METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted of patients operated on for frontoethmoidal osteoma from 11 years in a single institution. A retrospective review of the literature, 1999 to 2019, of perioperative complications in patients operated on for frontoethmoidal osteoma using endoscopic or combined approaches.
RESULTS
Case series: 73 patients were identified including 17 with the OG involvement. The only case of CSF leak occurred in a patient with spongious part of osteoma at the OG. Among six osteomas with spongious component at the OG, one was detached and five had to be drilled down, leaving a small remnant in four. In contrast, all the 11 osteomas with ivory part at the OG were safely detached and completely removed from the OG after debulking. The prevalence of CSF leak was not statistically different between the patients without and with involvement of the OG. Systematic review of the literature: Among the 273 identified patients there were 8 cases of intraoperative CSF leaks (3%) including 2 from the OG (0.7%).
CONCLUSION
Involvement of the OG does not significantly increase the risk of intraoperative CSF leak. However, this risk may be increased in patients with the spongious part of the tumor attached to the OG.
Topics: Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak; Cranial Fossa, Anterior; Endoscopy; Humans; Osteoma; Retrospective Studies; Skull Base
PubMed: 32253533
DOI: 10.1007/s00405-020-05938-4 -
Revue de Laryngologie - Otologie -... 2015Contrary to osteomas and exostosis of the external ear canal, middle ear osteomas are rare benign tumors that are usually revealed by progressive hearing loss. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Contrary to osteomas and exostosis of the external ear canal, middle ear osteomas are rare benign tumors that are usually revealed by progressive hearing loss.
CASE REPORT
We here report the case of 56-year-old woman who had a left ear conductive hearing loss. A CT-scan showed a bone-density tumor in the left posterior epitympanum, hanging up to the tegmen tympani. A surgical middle ear exploration showed an epitympanic osteoma, confirmed by a histological exploration. The tumor was left in place and an ossicular prosthesis was inserted, which permitted a significant gain in the audiogram air-bone gap.
DISCUSSION
Middle ear osteomas are rare benign tumors (31 cases described from 1964), with male preponderance (sex ratio: 1.75). They always present with a hearing loss, and the diagnosis is made by CT-scan. The treatment is surgical in cases of significant discomfort and generally produces a good improvement in symptoms.
Topics: Ear Neoplasms; Ear, Middle; Female; Hearing Loss, Conductive; Humans; Middle Aged; Osteoma; Radiography; Rare Diseases
PubMed: 27483581
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Apr 1997Osteomas of the paranasal sinuses are common. Most are, however, asymptomatic and a chance radiographic finding. We describe four cases histories which help to... (Review)
Review
Osteomas of the paranasal sinuses are common. Most are, however, asymptomatic and a chance radiographic finding. We describe four cases histories which help to illustrate the benefits and hazards of surgery, and highlight the importance of patient selection. A review of the literature is presented.
Topics: Aged; Ethmoid Sinus; Frontal Sinus; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoma; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Patient Selection; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 9176624
DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100137351