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Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy Sep 1988Antibiotic-induced hypokalemia does not occur frequently, but has been described with aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, and ureido penicillins. A patient with...
Antibiotic-induced hypokalemia does not occur frequently, but has been described with aminoglycosides, amphotericin B, and ureido penicillins. A patient with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia who developed severe hypokalemia while on high doses of oxacillin is presented. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of oxacillin-associated hypokalemia.
Topics: Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Hypokalemia; Middle Aged; Oxacillin
PubMed: 3215112
DOI: 10.1177/106002808802200909 -
JAMA Dec 1978
Topics: Adolescent; Agranulocytosis; Humans; Male; Oxacillin; Staphylococcal Infections
PubMed: 712974
DOI: 10.1001/jama.240.24.2632c -
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy Oct 1999To report a case of oxacillin-induced tissue necrosis in which recommended concentration guidelines for dilution and administration were used. Oxacillin concentration...
OBJECTIVE
To report a case of oxacillin-induced tissue necrosis in which recommended concentration guidelines for dilution and administration were used. Oxacillin concentration data, potential risk factors, and treatment options for extravasation injuries are also briefly reviewed.
CASE SUMMARY
Oxacillin was infused peripherally by infusion pump in a 79-year-old white woman as prophylactic antibiotic coverage for permanent pacemaker placement. Oxacillin extravasation occurred after the second postoperative dose. A dime-sized area of necrosis was noted at the heparin-lock insertion site.
DISCUSSION
Only one case of oxacillin-induced necrosis has been reported. The degree of damage and concentration of drug used were not specifically described. Concentration may play a role in the appearance or absence of tissue damage after an antibiotic extravasation and should be taken into consideration when evaluating a drug's tissue toxicity potential.
CONCLUSIONS
The potential exists for oxacillin 50 mg/mL to cause tissue damage in humans if an extravasation occurs. This reaction may be avoided with use of a less-concentrated preparation, avoidance of infusion pump administration, and identification of high-risk patients.
Topics: Aged; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Erythema; Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Necrosis; Oxacillin; Penicillins
PubMed: 10534219
DOI: 10.1345/aph.18387 -
JAMA Nov 1973
Topics: Adolescent; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Child; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Liver Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Oxacillin; Sodium; Staphylococcal Infections
PubMed: 4800332
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Haematologica 1979
Topics: Agranulocytosis; Humans; Oxacillin
PubMed: 105544
DOI: 10.1159/000207629 -
Archives of Internal Medicine Nov 1980Acute interstitial nephritis secondary to administration of antibiotics is a well-described entity. Oxacillin, however, has never been directly implicated. An...
Acute interstitial nephritis secondary to administration of antibiotics is a well-described entity. Oxacillin, however, has never been directly implicated. An 80-year-old man had a rising creatinine level and eosinophiluria while receiving oxacillin sodium. These findings disappeared when use of the drug was discontinued. We conclude that oxacillin is an additional penicillin that can cause interstitial nephritis.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Nephritis, Interstitial; Oxacillin; Staphylococcal Infections
PubMed: 7436655
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Haematologica 1978The development of granulocytopenia during oxacillin therapy is reported in 2 patients. In both cases the onset of granulocytopenia occurred 24 days after therapy was...
The development of granulocytopenia during oxacillin therapy is reported in 2 patients. In both cases the onset of granulocytopenia occurred 24 days after therapy was instituted with similar clinical presentations. The bone marrow aspirates revealed myeloid hyperplasia, left shift and maturation arrest. 24 h after oxacillin was discontinued the granulocyte counts rapidly rose towards normal, with subsequent complete recovery. Although sought for, leukoagglutinins could not be demonstrated in either patient. The occurrence of granulocytopenia in patients receiving natural and semisynthetic penicillins is reviewed and the mechanisms are outlined.
Topics: Adolescent; Antibodies; Bone Marrow; Female; Granulocytes; Humans; Hyperplasia; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Leukopenia; Male; Oxacillin
PubMed: 416637
DOI: 10.1159/000207758 -
Chemosphere Jan 2022The chemical changes caused by electron beam and γ irradiations and the biochemical characteristics of degradation products of a frequently used antibiotic oxacillin...
The chemical changes caused by electron beam and γ irradiations and the biochemical characteristics of degradation products of a frequently used antibiotic oxacillin were investigated and compared with those of cloxacillin by applying pulse radiolysis, chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon content, oxygen uptake rate, toxicity and antibacterial activity measurements. Oxacillin was found to be non-toxic, but poorly biodegradable by the mixed microbial population of the activated sludge of a wastewater treatment plant. Therefore, it can significantly contribute to the spread of β-lactam antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, the products formed by γ-irradiation were more easily biodegradable as they were utilized as nutrient source by the microbes of the activated sludge and the products did not show antibacterial activity. During irradiation treatment of aerated aqueous solutions mainly hydroxyl radicals induce the elimination of antimicrobial activity by making alterations at the bicyclic β-lactam part of these antibiotics. Since the β-lactam part is the same in oxacillin and cloxacillin, the biochemical characteristics of products of the two antibiotics are similar. The attack of hydrated electron takes place on the carbonyl groups. When the irradiation is made under anoxic conditions these reactions may also contribute considerably to alterations at the β-lactam part and thereby to the loss of antibacterial activity.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Oxacillin; Radiation, Ionizing; Water Purification; beta-Lactams
PubMed: 34346325
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131467 -
Infection Control and Hospital... Mar 1989
Topics: Humans; Oxacillin; Penicillin Resistance; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 2708802
DOI: 10.1086/645972 -
The Medical Clinics of North America Sep 1970
Review
Topics: Absorption; Cloxacillin; Dicloxacillin; Drug Hypersensitivity; Humans; Infections; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Oxacillin; Oxazoles; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Protein Binding; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 4919148
DOI: No ID Found