-
3 Biotech Jul 2021Glycosylation is a prominent biological mechanism, affecting the structural and functional diversity of many natural products. In this study, a novel thermostable...
UNLABELLED
Glycosylation is a prominent biological mechanism, affecting the structural and functional diversity of many natural products. In this study, a novel thermostable uridine diphosphate-dependent glycosyltransferase gene PpGT1 was cloned from NJPI29 and recombinantly expressed in WB600. The purified PpGT1 had a molecular weight of 45 kDa, as estimated using SDS-PAGE. The PpGT1 could catalyze the glycosylation of vanillic acid, methyl vanillate, caffeic acid, cinnamic alcohol, and ferulic acid. Moreover, PpGT1 possessed good thermostability and retained 80% of its original activity even after 12 h of incubation at 45 °C. In addition, PpGT1 remained stable within a neutral to alkaline pH range as well as in the presence of metal ions. The synthesis of methyl vanillate 4--β-D-glucoside by purified PpGT1 reached a yield 3.58 mM in a system with pH 8.0, 45 °C, 12 mM UDP-Glc, and 4 mM methyl vanillate. 3D-structure-based amino acid sequence alignments revealed that the catalytic residues and C-terminated PSPG motif were conserved. These unusual properties indicated that PpGT1 is a candidate UGT for valuable natural product industrial applications.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02855-z.
PubMed: 34109099
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02855-z -
BMC Microbiology Mar 2021The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the strain Paenibacillus polymyxa HX-140, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rape, to control Fusarium wilt of...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the strain Paenibacillus polymyxa HX-140, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of rape, to control Fusarium wilt of cucumber seedlings caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum.
RESULTS
Strain HX-140 was able to produce protease, cellulase, β-1,3-glucanase and antifungal volatile organic compounds. An in vitro dual culture test showed that strain HX-140 exhibited broad spectrum antifungal activity against soil-borne plant pathogenic fungi. Strain HX-140 also reduced the infection of Fusarium wilt of cucumber seedlings by 55.6% in a greenhouse pot experiment. A field plot experiment confirmed the biocontrol effects and further revealed that antifungal activity was positively correlated with inoculum size by the root-irrigation method. Here, inoculums at 10 10 and 10 cfu/mL of HX-140 bacterial suspension reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt of cucumber seedling by 19.5, 41.1, and 50.9%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, our results suggest that P. polymyxa HX-140 has significant potential in the control of Fusarium wilt and possibly other fungal diseases of cucumber.
Topics: Biological Control Agents; Brassica napus; Cucumis sativus; Fusarium; Microbial Interactions; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Plant Diseases; Seedlings; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 33676418
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02131-3 -
Archives of Microbiology Mar 2011The aim of this study was to isolate a novel bacterial strain with strong and broad spectrum antibacterial activity from a livestock feed prebiotic supplement. A novel...
The aim of this study was to isolate a novel bacterial strain with strong and broad spectrum antibacterial activity from a livestock feed prebiotic supplement. A novel strain, termed Paenibacillus polymyxa JB05-01-1, was isolated using traditional microbiological methods and identified on the basis of its phenotypic and biochemical properties as well as its 16S rRNA gene sequence. This strain was able to inhibit growth of gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli RR1, Pseudomonas fluorescens R73, Pantoea agglomerans BC1, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens OR85, and Fibrobacter succinogenes. The above antagonism against the aforementioned bacteria was attributed to production of an antimicrobial substance(s) termed "JB05-01-1." Its production was optimal during the stationary phase. JB05-01-1 has a molecular weight of 2.5 KDa, its mode of action is bactericidal, and the divalent cations, Ca(2+) and Mn(2+), reduced its lethality. The antibacterial activity was heat-stable and was effective at a pH range of 2-9. Enzymes like trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, and proteinase K have abolished the antibacterial activity of JB05-01-1 indicating a proteinaceous motif. This type of naturally occurring bacteria and inhibitory substance(s) could represent an additional value in livestock feed supplements. The natural presence of antibacterial activity indicates an opportunity to decrease the addition of antibiotics.
Topics: Animal Feed; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiosis; Food Microbiology; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Paenibacillus; Prebiotics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 21132276
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-010-0654-9 -
Microbiological Research Jul 2021The diseases caused by phytopathogens account for huge economic losses in the agricultural sector. Paenibacillus polymyxa is one of the agriculturally important...
The diseases caused by phytopathogens account for huge economic losses in the agricultural sector. Paenibacillus polymyxa is one of the agriculturally important biocontrol agents and plant growth promoting bacterium. This study describes the antifungal potential of P. polymyxa HK4 against an array of fungal phytopathogens and its ability to stimulate seed germination of cumin and groundnut under in vitro conditions. The cumin and groundnut seeds bacterized with HK4 exhibited enhanced germination efficiency in comparison to controls. The use of HK4 as a soil inoculant significantly promoted the shoot length and fresh weight of groundnut plants in pot studies. The draft genome analysis of HK4 revealed the genetic attributes for motility, root colonization, antagonism, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production and production of volatile organic compounds. The bacterium HK4 harnessed several hydrolytic enzymes that may assist its competence in the rhizosphere. The PCR amplification and sequence analysis of the conserved region of the fusA gene amplicon revealed the ability of HK4 to produce fusaricidin. Furthermore, the LC-ESI-MS/MS of crude cell pellet extract of HK4 confirmed the presence of fusaricidin as a major antifungal metabolite. This study demonstrated the potential of HK4 as a biocontrol agent and a plant growth promoter.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Crop Protection; Cuminum; Depsipeptides; Fungi; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Mass Spectrometry; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Phylogeny; Plant Diseases; Plant Roots; Plant Shoots
PubMed: 33690069
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126734 -
PloS One 2021Paenibacillus spp. exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have become a growing interest recently as a source of biomaterials. In this study, we characterized Paenibacillus polymyxa...
Paenibacillus spp. exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have become a growing interest recently as a source of biomaterials. In this study, we characterized Paenibacillus polymyxa 2020 strain, which produces a large quantity of EPS (up to 68 g/L),and was isolated from wasp honeycombs. Here we report its complete genome sequence and full methylome analysis detected by Pacific Biosciences SMRT sequencing. Moreover, bioinformatic analysis identified a putative levan synthetic operon. SacC and sacB genes have been cloned and their products identified as glycoside hydrolase and levansucrase respectively. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra demonstrated that the EPS is a linear β-(2→6)-linked fructan (levan). The structure and properties of levan polymer produced from sucrose and molasses were analyzed by FT-IR, NMR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cytotoxicity tests and showed low toxicity and high biocompatibility. Thus, P. polymyxa 2020 could be an exceptional cost-effective source for the industrial production of levan-type EPSs and to obtain functional biomaterials based on it for a broad range of applications, including bioengineering.
Topics: Cloning, Molecular; Epigenome; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 34228741
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253482 -
Archives of Microbiology Aug 2013The ability of Paenibacillus polymyxa to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli generic ATCC 25922 (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) and to adhere to monolayers of the...
The ability of Paenibacillus polymyxa to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli generic ATCC 25922 (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922) and to adhere to monolayers of the enterocyte-like human cell line Caco-2 was evaluated. P. polymyxa JB-0501 (P. polymyxa JB-0501), found in a livestock feed probiotic supplement, was compared to P. polymyxa reference strain ATCC 43685 and ATCC 7070 (P. polymyxa ATCC) in terms of carbohydrate utilization and resistance to lysozyme, acid, bile salts, and hydrogen peroxide. JB-0501 grew at pH 4.5 and at H2O2 concentrations less than 7.3 μg/ml and presented a higher affinity to hexadecane and decane. Bile salts at 0.2 % inhibited the growth of all three strains. P. polymyxa JB-0501 and P. polymyxa ATCC 43865 adhered to Caco-2 cell monolayers. The percentage of cells that adhered ranged from about 0.35 to 6.5 % and was partially proportional to the number applied. Contact time (from 15 min to 1 h) had little impact on adhesion. P. polymyxa JB-0501 inhibited the growth of E. coli ATCC 25922, as proven by the diffusion tests in agar. Taken together, these results suggested that P. polymyxa JB-0501 has the potential probiotic properties to justify its consideration as a livestock feed supplement.
Topics: Antibiosis; Bacterial Adhesion; Bile Acids and Salts; Caco-2 Cells; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Escherichia coli; Gastric Acid; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Muramidase; Paenibacillus; Probiotics
PubMed: 23756568
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-013-0905-7 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Dec 2019The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of luxS, a key regulatory gene of the autoinducer-2 (AI-2) quorum sensing (QS) system, on the biofilm formation...
The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of luxS, a key regulatory gene of the autoinducer-2 (AI-2) quorum sensing (QS) system, on the biofilm formation and biocontrol efficacy against Ralstonia solanacearum by Paenibacillus polymyxa HY96-2. luxS mutants were constructed and assayed for biofilm formation of the wild-type (WT) strain and luxS mutants of P. polymyxa HY96-2 in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that luxS positively regulated the biofilm formation of HY96-2. Greenhouse experiments of tomato bacterial wilt found that from the early stage to late stage postinoculation, the biocontrol efficacy of the luxS deletion strain was the lowest with 50.70 ± 1.39% in the late stage. However, the luxS overexpression strain had the highest biocontrol efficacy with 75.66 ± 1.94% in the late stage. The complementation of luxS could restore the biocontrol efficacy of the luxS deletion strain with 69.84 ± 1.09% in the late stage, which was higher than that of the WT strain with 65.94 ± 2.73%. Therefore, we deduced that luxS could promote the biofilm formation of P. polymyxa HY96-2 and further promoted its biocontrol efficacy against R. solanacearum.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Biofilms; Biological Control Agents; Carbon-Sulfur Lyases; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Solanum lycopersicum; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Plant Diseases; Quorum Sensing; Ralstonia solanacearum
PubMed: 31686149
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10162-0 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Dec 2024Polymyxins are cationic peptide antibiotics and regarded as the "final line of defense" against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Meanwhile, some...
Polymyxins are cationic peptide antibiotics and regarded as the "final line of defense" against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Meanwhile, some polymyxin-resistant strains and the corresponding resistance mechanisms have also been reported. However, the response of the polymyxin-producing strain Paenibacillus polymyxa to polymyxin stress remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress response of gram-positive P. polymyxa SC2 to polymyxin B and to identify functional genes involved in the stress response process. Polymyxin B treatment upregulated the expression of genes related to basal metabolism, transcriptional regulation, transport, and flagella formation and increased intracellular ROS levels, flagellar motility, and biofilm formation in P. polymyxa SC2. Adding magnesium, calcium, and iron alleviated the stress of polymyxin B on P. polymyxa SC2, furthermore, magnesium and calcium could improve the resistance of P. polymyxa SC2 to polymyxin B by promoting biofilm formation. Meanwhile, functional identification of differentially expressed genes indicated that an ABC superfamily transporter YwjA was involved in the stress response to polymyxin B of P. polymyxa SC2. This study provides an important reference for improving the resistance of P. polymyxa to polymyxins and increasing the yield of polymyxins. KEY POINTS: • Phenotypic responses of P. polymyxa to polymyxin B was performed and indicated by RNA-seq • Forming biofilm was a key strategy of P. polymyxa to alleviate polymyxin stress • ABC transporter YwjA was involved in the stress resistance of P. polymyxa to polymyxin B.
Topics: Paenibacillus polymyxa; Polymyxin B; Paenibacillus; Calcium; Magnesium; Polymyxins
PubMed: 38170316
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12916-3 -
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry : PPB Aug 2016Despite the high abundance of iron (Fe) in most earth's soils, Fe is the major limiting factor for plant growth and development due to its low bioavailability. With an...
Despite the high abundance of iron (Fe) in most earth's soils, Fe is the major limiting factor for plant growth and development due to its low bioavailability. With an increasing recognition that soil microbes play important roles in plant growth, several strains of beneficial rhizobactria have been applied to improve plant nutrient absorption, biomass, and abiotic or biotic stress tolerance. In this study, we report the mechanisms of microbe-induced plant Fe assimilation, in which the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Paenibacillus polymyxa BFKC01 stimulates plant's Fe acquisition machinery to enhance Fe uptake in Arabidopsis plants. Mechanistic studies show that BFKC01 transcriptionally activates the Fe-deficiency-induced transcription factor 1 (FIT1), thereby up-regulating the expression of IRT1 and FRO2. Furthermore, BFKC01 has been found to induce plant systemic responses with the increased transcription of MYB72, and the biosynthetic pathways of phenolic compounds are also activated. Our data reveal that abundant phenolic compounds are detected in root exudation of the BFKC01-inoculated plants, which efficiently facilitate Fe mobility under alkaline conditions. In addition, BFKC01 can secret auxin and further improved root systems, which enhances the ability of plants to acquire Fe from soils. As a result, BFKC01-inoculated plants have more endogenous Fe and increased photosynthetic capacity under alkaline conditions as compared to control plants. Our results demonstrate the potential roles of BFKC01 in promoting Fe acquisition in plants and underline the intricate integration of microbial signaling in controlling plant Fe acquisition.
Topics: Absorption, Physiological; Arabidopsis; Arabidopsis Proteins; Chlorophyll; Chloroplasts; Disease Resistance; Fluorescence; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Glucuronidase; Indoleacetic Acids; Iron; Iron Deficiencies; Paenibacillus polymyxa; Phenols; Photosynthesis; Plant Roots; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Transcription, Genetic; Up-Regulation
PubMed: 27105423
DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.04.025 -
Data in Brief Aug 2020Members of the genus are known for their production of useful substances, and some species of the genus are recognized to be plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria....
Members of the genus are known for their production of useful substances, and some species of the genus are recognized to be plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. TH2H2, isolated from a tomato flower, had antifungal activity. Here, the draft genome sequence of TH2H2 is reported. The 5,983,104-bp genome, with a G+C content of 45.31%, comprised 5,221 protein-coding genes, 64 ribosomal RNA and 100 transfer RNA. Three intact antibiotic biosynthesis gene clusters were identified using antiSMASH. These encoded the antifungal agent fusaricidin and two antibacterial agents, tridecaptin and polymyxin. Sequence data have been deposited in the DDBJ/ENA/GenBank database under the accession number RPDG01000000. The version described in this paper is RPDG00000000.1. The BioProject ID in the GenBank database is PRJNA505713.
PubMed: 32577455
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105824