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Digestive Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) 1989
Review
Topics: Animals; Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Proteins; Water-Electrolyte Balance
PubMed: 2663258
DOI: 10.1159/000171221 -
Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018The pancreas, the salivary glands and the dental enamel producing ameloblasts have marked developmental, structural and functional similarities. One of the most striking... (Review)
Review
The pancreas, the salivary glands and the dental enamel producing ameloblasts have marked developmental, structural and functional similarities. One of the most striking similarities is their bicarbonate-rich secretory product, serving acid neutralization. An important difference between them is that while pancreatic juice and saliva are delivered into a lumen where they can be collected and analyzed, ameloblasts produce locally precipitating hydroxyapatite which cannot be easily studied. Interestingly, the ion and protein secretion by the pancreas, the salivary glands, and maturation ameloblasts are all two-step processes, of course with significant differences too. As they all have to defend against acid exposure by producing extremely large quantities of bicarbonate, the failure of this function leads to deteriorating consequences. The aim of the present review is to describe and characterize the defense mechanisms of the pancreas, the salivary glands and enamel-producing ameloblasts against acid exposure and to compare their functional capabilities to do this by producing bicarbonate.
Topics: Animals; Dental Enamel; Humans; Pancreatic Juice; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 29769002
DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180515125654 -
Hepato-gastroenterology 1999The significance of K-ras codon 12 point mutation in pancreatic juice in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreas is still unclear. The aim of this study was to... (Review)
Review
The significance of K-ras codon 12 point mutation in pancreatic juice in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreas is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of K-ras codon 12 point mutation in pancreatic juice in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreas. All of the 78 reports written from 1988 to 1996 on K-ras point mutation of carcinoma, mucin-producing tumors, and hyperplastic epithelia of the pancreas in both surgical or autopsy specimens and pancreatic juice are reviewed. As results, in surgical or autopsy specimens, K-ras mutation was found in 81% of ordinary duct cell carcinoma and in 53% of mucin-producing tumor of the pancreas; this mutation was also found in hyperplastic epithelia in chronic pancreatitis (7%) and in autopsy cases without pancreatic diseases. In pancreatic juice, K-ras mutation was found in 72% of ordinary pancreatic carcinoma and in 53% of mucin-producing tumor, respectively. In conclusion, most previous reports have indicated that K-ras mutation in pancreatic juice is useful for a diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. However, since K-ras gene mutation was also detected in non-tumorous lesions, the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinomas is not necessarily correct if it is based solely on the detection of K-ras mutation in pancreatic juice. Future studies should focus on analyzing the amino acid sequence of K-ras mutation or the combination of this mutation with other parameters such as tumor markers in pancreatic juice, to enhance its specificity and accuracy.
Topics: Carcinoma; Chronic Disease; Codon; Genes, ras; Humans; Pancreatic Ducts; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Point Mutation
PubMed: 10228857
DOI: No ID Found -
The New England Journal of Medicine Jan 1979
Topics: Densitometry; Humans; Isoelectric Focusing; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Proteins
PubMed: 758591
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM197901113000219 -
Surgery Today Feb 2014External drainage of pancreatic juice using a pancreatic duct stent following pancreatoduodenectomy is widely performed. We hypothesized that the replacement of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
PURPOSES
External drainage of pancreatic juice using a pancreatic duct stent following pancreatoduodenectomy is widely performed. We hypothesized that the replacement of externally drained pancreatic juice would help to prevent postoperative complications, including pancreatic fistulas.
METHODS
Sixty-four patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between 2006 and 2008 were randomly assigned to either a pancreatic juice non-replacement (NR) or replacement (R) group. Eighteen patients were excluded from the analysis because they had unresectable tumors (n = 4), low pancreatic juice output (<100 ml) (n = 11) or for other reasons (n = 3). A total of 46 patients (NR = 24, R = 22) were included in the final analysis. The volume and amylase levels of externally drained pancreatic juice were analyzed on postoperative days 7 and 14. The incidence of postoperative complications, including pancreatic fistulas and delayed gastric emptying, was also assessed.
RESULTS
The total amylase secretion from the pancreatic tube on postoperative day 7 was significantly higher in the NR group compared with the R group (P = 0.044). The incidence of pancreatic fistulas (>Grade B) was also significantly higher in the NR group (33.3 vs. 9.1 %, P = 0.046).
CONCLUSIONS
In cases for whom external pancreatic juice drainage from a stent is applied following pancreaticojejunostomy, enteral replacement of externally drained pancreatic juice may reduce the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula formation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Amylases; Drainage; Enteral Nutrition; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Ducts; Pancreatic Fistula; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Postoperative Complications; Stents; Time Factors
PubMed: 23494105
DOI: 10.1007/s00595-013-0522-8 -
International Journal of Pancreatology... Dec 1997These data show that pure pancreatic juice of AICP patients has a markedly defective antibacterial activity. This finding might be of potential clinical interest in the...
CONCLUSION
These data show that pure pancreatic juice of AICP patients has a markedly defective antibacterial activity. This finding might be of potential clinical interest in the understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease.
BACKGROUND
The aim of the present study was to test the antibacterial activity of pure pancreatic juice in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
METHODS
The study group consisted of ten patients with ethanol-induced chronic pancreatitis (AICP) and seven control patients free of pancreatic disease. All subjects had recently undergone a secretin-pancreozymin pancreatic function test. After an overnight fast, through a side-viewing endoscope, selective pancreatic duct cannulation was performed. After secretin stimulation, pure pancreatic juice was obtained. Three fractions of different molecular weights were separated. Samples were incubated with 1-mL suspension of 10(5) Escherichia coli ATCC 25,922, and log10 of colony-forming units were counted. Experiments were repeated by grading pancreatic juice concentration, pH of the medium, and inoculum size.
RESULTS
No significant change of pH of pure pancreatic juice appeared between AICP and controls. Starting from 6-h observation, pure pancreatic juice of AICP patients showed a significant bacterial colonization vs controls (p < 0.01). A direct correlation appeared between bacterial colonization and either pH and dilution of pancreatic juice (p < 0.001). Antibacterial activity was independent of inoculum size, enzymatic activation or inhibition, and heat treatment. The fraction with 1000-10,000 molecular weight was the one endowed with antibacterial activity.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Amylases; Bacterial Infections; Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Female; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Pancreas; Pancreatic Function Tests; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatitis
PubMed: 9444553
DOI: 10.1007/BF02788387 -
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Sep 1985
Topics: Calcium-Binding Proteins; Humans; Lithostathine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Pancreatic Juice
PubMed: 4028916
DOI: 10.1007/BF01309524 -
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology Sep 2008The resistance of gut flora with probiotic activity to pancreatic juice is usually tested with artificial pancreatic fluid. Previous studies evaluated the sensitivity of...
BACKGROUND
The resistance of gut flora with probiotic activity to pancreatic juice is usually tested with artificial pancreatic fluid. Previous studies evaluated the sensitivity of diverse probiotics to human gastric and biliary secretion; none tested the resistance of probiotics to human pancreatic juice. As most bacteria sensitive to artificial pancreatic fluid in vitro have a high rate of isolation from feces, the resistance to human pancreatic juice could be higher.
AIM
The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of different strains of probiotics to artificial and human pancreatic juice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The viability of 8 strains of Lactobacillus and 4 strains of Bifidobacterium was tested with standard artificial and human pancreatic juice withdrawn from 16 patients during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure. The mortality rate (%) of various bacteria was measured after 5, 30, and 60 minutes contact time. The results were normalized for mortality rate induced by hypotonic condition and time exposure to 37 degrees C.
RESULTS
When incubated with artificial and human pancreatic juice, the mortality rate of all strains of Lactobacillus at 5, 30, and 60 minutes was 10.1 versus 7.6, 20.5 versus 19.7, and 28.6 versus 29.8, respectively; whereas the mortality rate of all strains of Bifidobacterium was 8.0 versus 9.2, 33.3 versus 28.9, and 42.2 versus 44.4, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
All the tested strains were sensitive to artificial and human pancreatic juice depending on time contact. Bifidobacterium strains seem to be more sensitive than Lactobacillus strains in particular at higher time contact. There is no significant difference between sensitivity to simulated and human pancreatic juice. For this reason, probiotics activity may be tested with artificial pancreatic fluid using a standardized, easier, and less costly procedure.
Topics: Bifidobacterium; Colony Count, Microbial; Humans; Lactobacillus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pancreatic Juice; Probiotics; Time Factors
PubMed: 18685498
DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181815976 -
International Journal of Pancreatology... Apr 1997The results of this study demonstrate that there are large differences in the amount of pancreatic juice secreted and in the chemical and enzymatic composition of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
CONCLUSION
The results of this study demonstrate that there are large differences in the amount of pancreatic juice secreted and in the chemical and enzymatic composition of pancreatic juice when the pouch and the catheter methods were used, and these differences must be taken into consideration in future studies with either method.
METHODS
A study was performed to compare the two most commonly used methods to collect pancreatic juice from growing pigs; namely, the pouch method (PM) and the catheter method (CM). In the first part of the study, three barrows (initial weight 37 kg) were fitted with a pancreatic pouch re-entrant cannula. An isolated pouch was prepared in which the pancreatic duct enters the duodenum. In the second part of the study, also with three barrows (initial weight 32 kg), a catheter was inserted into the pancreatic duct.
RESULTS
At several points during the 24-h collection, the hourly rate of pancreatic juice secretion in CM pigs was larger (p < 0.05) than for PM pigs. CM pigs also had a higher (p < 0.05) daily volume of secretion, 4.09 vs 2.63 L/24 h for PM pigs. The pH of pancreatic juice collected from CM pigs was consistently higher (p < 0.01) throughout the 24-h collection. In contrast, the concentration and daily output of bicarbonate did not differ between CM and PM pigs. The concentration of protein in pancreatic juice from PM pigs (7.21 g/L) was higher (p < 0.001) than for CM pigs (4.08 g/L). Specific amylase and lipase and total amylase activities were greater (p < 0.01) in pancreatic juice collected from PM pigs. Specific and total carboxyl ester hydrolase and colipase activities were substantially (p < 0.01) larger in pancreatic juice collected from CM pigs. A major difference between the methods was that trypsin and chymotrypsin were fully active in pancreatic juice from PM pigs, whereas virtually no trypsin or chymotrypsin activity was detected in pancreatic juice from CM pigs. Specific and total chymotrypsin activities did not differ between PM and CM pigs. Both specific and total trypsin activities were substantially higher in pancreatic juice from CM pigs: 3682 U/L and 12,752 U/24 h, respectively, vs 1031 U/L and 2639 U/24 h, respectively, in pancreatic juice from PM pigs.
Topics: Animals; Catheterization; Chymotrypsin; Circadian Rhythm; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Pancreatic Juice; Swine; Trypsin
PubMed: 9209959
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Korean Medical Science Aug 2000
Clinical Trial
Topics: Amylases; Bicarbonates; Chronic Disease; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatic Juice; Pancreatitis
PubMed: 10981501
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2000.15.S.S21