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Environmental Research Oct 2021This research was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, bactericidal activity of Hygrophila spinosa against multidrug resistant Pandoraea sputorum and assess...
This research was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, bactericidal activity of Hygrophila spinosa against multidrug resistant Pandoraea sputorum and assess their antioxidant competence against various radicals and studied their hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity on HepG2 and HEK 293 cell line. The results showed that the methanol extract has various phytochemical components with reasonable quantity. Fortunately, the multidrug-resistant P. sputorum was sensitive (22.8 ± 0.2 mm of the zone of inhibition) at 15 mg mL concentration of methanol extract. The higher concentration of phenolic and other phytochemical components, showed significant antioxidant activity against ferric, DPPH, hydroxyl, and ABTS radicals, with IC values of 71.09, 64.333, 91.157, and 104.931 g mL, respectively. Surprisingly, the methanol extract possesses hepato and nephroprotective activity against CCl and cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HEK 293 cell lines, respectively. It maintains the cell viability as up to 90.48% and 90.35% of HepG2 and EK 293 cell line at the concentration of 20 μg mL. The FTIR analysis states that the methanol extract possesses a significant functional group responsible for these multi-potential activities. These results suggest that, the methanol extract of H. spinosa might contain the most significant bioactive components with outstanding medicinal properties.
Topics: Acanthaceae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Burkholderiaceae; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; HEK293 Cells; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Kidney; Liver; Methanol; Plant Extracts; Protective Agents
PubMed: 34186080
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111594 -
Genome Announcements Nov 2016We report here the genome sequence of Pandoraea sp. ISTKB, a betaproteobacterium isolated from rhizospheric soil in the backwaters of Alappuzha, Kerala, India. The...
We report here the genome sequence of Pandoraea sp. ISTKB, a betaproteobacterium isolated from rhizospheric soil in the backwaters of Alappuzha, Kerala, India. The strain is alkalotolerant and grows on medium containing lignin as a sole carbon source. Genes and pathways related to lignin degradation were complemented by genomic analysis.
PubMed: 27811115
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01240-16 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Nov 2015We analyzed the oxacillinases of isolates of six different species of Pandoraea, a genus that colonizes the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients. The isolates...
We analyzed the oxacillinases of isolates of six different species of Pandoraea, a genus that colonizes the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients. The isolates produced carbapenem-hydrolyzing enzymes causing elevated MICs for amoxicillin, piperacillin, meropenem, and imipenem when expressed in an Escherichia coli host strain. Sequencing revealed nine new oxacillinases (OXA-151 to OXA-159) with a high degree of identity among isolates of the same species; however, they had much lower interspecies similarities. The intrinsic oxacillinase genes might therefore be helpful for correct identification of Pandoraea isolates.
Topics: Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Carbapenems; Escherichia coli; Imipenem; Piperacillin; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 26349828
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01112-15 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017We have sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the genome of . Pandoraea novymonadis, a recently described bacterial endosymbiont of the trypanosomatid When compared with...
We have sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the genome of . Pandoraea novymonadis, a recently described bacterial endosymbiont of the trypanosomatid When compared with genomes of its free-living relatives, it has all the hallmarks of the endosymbionts' genomes, such as significantly reduced size, extensive gene loss, low GC content, numerous gene rearrangements, and low codon usage bias. In addition, . P. novymonadis lacks mobile elements, has a strikingly low number of pseudogenes, and almost all genes are single copied. This suggests that it already passed the intensive period of host adaptation, which still can be observed in the genome of , a certainly recent endosymbiont. Phylogenetically, . P. novymonadis is more related to , an intracytoplasmic bacterium of free-living ciliates, than to . Kinetoplastibacterium spp., the only other known endosymbionts of trypanosomatid flagellates. As judged by the extent of the overall genome reduction and the loss of particular metabolic abilities correlating with the increasing dependence of the symbiont on its host, . P. novymonadis occupies an intermediate position and . Kinetoplastibacterium spp. We conclude that the relationships between . P. novymonadis and are well-established, although not as fine-tuned as in the case of Strigomonadinae and their endosymbionts.
PubMed: 29046673
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01940 -
Journal of Cardiology Cases Jul 2021Late prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a life-threatening condition, commonly caused by bacterial organisms such as staphylococci, streptococci, or enterococci....
Late prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a life-threatening condition, commonly caused by bacterial organisms such as staphylococci, streptococci, or enterococci. Infrequently, it can be caused by rare organisms. We hereby report a case of late PVE of the aortic valve, due to a rare gram-negative bacterium It is the first reported case of PVE caused by this particular organism. The patient had infective endocarditis-induced prosthetic valve dehiscence, severe aortic regurgitation, and shock, which was managed with appropriate antibiotics and supportive medical treatment. < Late prosthetic valve infective endocarditis should always be an important differential diagnosis in patients with artificial valve presenting with congestive cardiac failure. This case report is about aortic valve dehiscence and acute aortic regurgitation because of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis due to a rare bacterium .
PubMed: 34257757
DOI: 10.1016/j.jccase.2020.12.003 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2014Strain RB38 was recovered from a former dumping area in Malaysia. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and genomic analysis identified strain RB-38 as Pandoraea pnomenusa....
Strain RB38 was recovered from a former dumping area in Malaysia. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and genomic analysis identified strain RB-38 as Pandoraea pnomenusa. Various biosensors confirmed its quorum sensing properties. High resolution triple quadrupole liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was subsequently used to characterize the N-acyl homoserine lactone production profile of P. pnomenusa strain RB38, which validated that this isolate produced N-octanoyl homoserine lactone as a quorum sensing molecule. This is the first report of the production of N-octanoyl homoserine lactone by P. pnomenusa strain RB38.
Topics: Burkholderiaceae; Chromatography, Liquid; Homoserine; Lactones; Quorum Sensing; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 24919016
DOI: 10.3390/s140610177 -
Archivos de Bronconeumologia Nov 2011Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease produced by a defect in the transmembrane conductance regulator protein, CFTR. Currently, the morbidity and mortality associated with...
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a disease produced by a defect in the transmembrane conductance regulator protein, CFTR. Currently, the morbidity and mortality associated with CF are fundamentally related with the lung affectation that is a consequence of this defect. With the progression of the disease, there is an increase in the isolation of non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli colonizing these patients. The genus Pandoraea arises from a reclassification of species included within the "Burkholderia cepacia complex". It is made up of 9 species susceptible only to tetracycline, imipenem and cotrimoxazole. We report the first clinical case in Spain of colonization by Pandoraea sputorum in a patient diagnosed with CF at the age of eleven. After several previous colonizations by different Pseudomonas species in September 2005, a gram-negative bacillus was isolated in sputum, which was identified by sequencing and mass spectrometry (MALDITOF-MS) as P. sputorum, only sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam, cotrimoxazole and imipenem. From 2005 to 2008, chronic colonization by this microorganism was associated with deterioration in lung function that was recuperated after treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem. In 2010, this microorganism was once again isolated and treated with imipenem, to which the patient responded favorably. Currently, it is not known whether this microorganism is a chronic colonizer, whether it produces a transitory infection or whether it constitutes an important problem in CF patients, but given its special characteristics of sensitivity to anti-microbial drugs, the correct identification of this genus is essential. Mass spectrometry seems to be a valid technique that is faster than sequencing methods for identifying these species.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bronchiectasis; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia complex; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Cytokines; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Imipenem; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pseudomonas Infections; Sputum; Superinfection; Virulence
PubMed: 21908092
DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2011.06.015 -
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine Nov 2018The current review examines the current literature around 'emerging' Gram-negative bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF), paying particular... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The current review examines the current literature around 'emerging' Gram-negative bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF), paying particular focus on the recent literature for those that are more frequently encountered: Pandoraea, Achromobacter, Ralstonia and Stenotrophomonas species.
RECENT FINDINGS
The recent literature is evolving our understanding of the clinical consequences of infection with an 'emerging' Gram-negative bacteria in CF. There is an increase in reported prevalence for many species. They are commonly isolated from patients who already have low baseline lung function. Initial infection can lead to chronic carriage, often with evidence of an associated host immune response and subsequent clinical deterioration. For some species occasional cases of bacteraemia have been reported.
SUMMARY
There are a number of Gram-negative organisms, other than P. aeruginosa, that can cause chronic infection in patients with CF. There is data to suggest that some of these so-called emerging Gram-negative bacteria are increasing in prevalence and can be pathogenic in patients with CF. The prevalence and clinical consequences however differ from species to species. There is a pressing need to agree a definition of chronic infection for these organisms to compare data between studies.
Topics: Achromobacter; Cystic Fibrosis; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Ralstonia; Stenotrophomonas
PubMed: 30095492
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000517 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... 2006
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Betaproteobacteria; Cystic Fibrosis; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Sputum; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 16956543
DOI: 10.1157/13091792 -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Jul 2019We examined evidence for transmission of Pandorea apista among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients attending paediatric and adult services in one city who had previously been...
PURPOSE
We examined evidence for transmission of Pandorea apista among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients attending paediatric and adult services in one city who had previously been found to harbour related isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
METHODOLOGY
The whole-genome sequences of 18 isolates from this cluster from 15 CF patients were examined, along with 2 cluster isolates from 2 other centres. The annotated sequence of one of these, Pa14367, was examined for virulence factors and antibiotic resistance-associated genes in comparison with data from a 'non-cluster' isolate, Pa16226.
RESULTS
Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis suggested that cluster isolates from the same city differed from one another by a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 383 SNPs (an average of 213 SNPs; standard deviation: 18.5), while isolates from the 2 other hospitals differed from these by a minimum of 34 and 61 SNPs, respectively. Pa16226 differed from all cluster isolates by a minimum of 22 706 SNPs. Evidence for patient-to-patient transmission among isolates from the same city was relatively limited, although transmission from a common source could not be excluded. The annotated genomes of Pa14367 and Pa16226 carried putative integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), coding for type IV secretion systems, and genes associated with heavy metal degradation and carbon dioxide fixation, and a wide selection of genes coding for efflux pumps, beta-lactamases and penicillin-binding proteins.
CONCLUSION
Epidemiological analysis suggested that this cluster could not always be attributed to patient-to-patient transmission. The acquisition of ICE-related virulence factors may have had an impact on its prevalence.
Topics: Adult; Burkholderiaceae; Child; Cluster Analysis; Cystic Fibrosis; Genome, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Phylogeny
PubMed: 31210630
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001010