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Experimental Parasitology Jun 2010Paragonimus westermani is a trematode parasite that causes inflammatory lung disease as well as systemic infections in carnivorous mammals. The interaction of the...
Paragonimus westermani is a trematode parasite that causes inflammatory lung disease as well as systemic infections in carnivorous mammals. The interaction of the parasite with host cells and paired worms is initiated by adhesion and plays an important role in parasite proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we isolated a cDNA encoding a P. westermani fasciclin I domain-containing protein (Pwfas-I). The fasiclin-I domain is suggested to be involved in cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis of P. westermani adult worms with polyclonal anti-Pwfas-I serum revealed immunoreactivity in the egg shells and the cells lining the sub-tegumental layer of adult worm throughout the contact regions of the cyst wall and paired worms. Using cell adhesion and spreading assays, we showed that Pwfas-I supports cell adhesion and spreading. Furthermore, we determined that the alphanubeta5 integrin was a functional receptor for the Pwfas-I. Taken together, these results suggest that Pwfas-I may be functional for the modulation of cell adhesion via binding with alphanubeta5 integrin in the extracellular matrix of Paragonimus.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Astacoidea; Base Sequence; Cell Adhesion; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Cloning, Molecular; DNA, Complementary; Dogs; Fibroblasts; Helminth Proteins; Immune Sera; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Paragonimus westermani; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recombinant Proteins
PubMed: 20045688
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.12.022 -
Parasitology International Dec 2016Paragonimiasis is a typical food-borne parasitic disease, endemic in most parts of Asia, with sporadic case reports from American and African countries. The major source...
Paragonimiasis is a typical food-borne parasitic disease, endemic in most parts of Asia, with sporadic case reports from American and African countries. The major source of infection is undercooked freshwater crab or crayfish, though consumption of wild boar meat is also responsible for the infection in Japan, because wild boar is a paratenic host for Paragonimus westermani. Recently, living juveniles of P. westermani were isolated from muscle of a sika deer, Cervus nippon, in Japan, raising the possibility that venison has been another source of infection. In order to clarify the potential contribution of venison consumption to the occurrence of paragonimiasis, we analysed dietary histories of those paragonimiasis patients in whose diagnoses we were involved between 2001 and 2015. Among 380 patients, freshwater crab had been consumed by 208 patients, wild boar meat by 190, and wild deer meat by 76 patients before the onset of the disease. Overall contribution of wild deer meat was estimated to be 6.8% to 20.0%, although in Oita and Gifu Prefectures, where a substantial proportion of patients had consumed raw venison, the contribution of venison consumption was much higher (27.5 to 62.1% and 42.1 to 78.9% in Oita and Gifu Prefectures, respectively). We demonstrated P. westermani-specific antibodies in the sera of 4 out of 160 sika deer from Gifu Prefecture, strongly suggesting that these deer were infected with P. westermani.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Protozoan; Antigens, Protozoan; Deer; Foodborne Diseases; Japan; Muscle, Skeletal; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; Red Meat
PubMed: 27644890
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.09.009 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2010Paragonimiasis is the infestation of lung flukes of the trematode genus Paragonimus. Because the symptoms and radiologic findings of paragonimiasis mimic those of...
Paragonimiasis is the infestation of lung flukes of the trematode genus Paragonimus. Because the symptoms and radiologic findings of paragonimiasis mimic those of tuberculosis, some patients with paragonimiasis are initially treated for tuberculosis. Although Paragonimus may also reach ectopic sites such as the peritoneum or brain, infection in the skin is rare. To our knowledge, paragonimiasis has not been found in the tip of a finger. We report a case of 39-year-old woman who was belatedly diagnosed as having paragonimiasis with a parasitic migration to the tip of the left little finger after initial misdiagnosis of tubercular serositis.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Anthelmintics; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Fingers; Humans; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 20686307
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.49.3495 -
Parasitology Oct 2016Paragonimus westermani is one of the most medically important lung flukes and is widely distributed in Asia. It exhibits considerable variation in morphological, genetic...
Paragonimus westermani is one of the most medically important lung flukes and is widely distributed in Asia. It exhibits considerable variation in morphological, genetic and biological features. In central provinces of Vietnam, a high prevalence of metacercariae of this species has been reported from the crab intermediate host, Vietopotamon aluoiense. In this study, we detected P. westermani metacercariae in two additional crab hosts, Donopotamon haii in Quang Tri Province, central Vietnam and Indochinamon tannanti in Yen Bai Province in the north. The latter is a new locality for P. westermani in a northern region of Vietnam where P. heterotremus is the only species currently known to cause human paragonimiasis. Paragonimus westermani metacercariae found in Vietnam showed considerable morphological variation but slight genetic variation based on DNA sequences from the nuclear ribosomal ITS2 region and the mitochondrial 16S gene. Co-infection of the same individual crabs with P. westermani and P. heterotremus and/or some other Paragonimus species was found frequently, suggesting potential for co-infection in humans. The findings of the present study emphasize the need for highly specific molecular and immunodiagnostic methods to differentially diagnose between P. westermani and P. heterotremus infections.
Topics: Animals; Brachyura; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Helminth; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Genetic Variation; Host Specificity; Paragonimus westermani; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vietnam
PubMed: 27440217
DOI: 10.1017/S0031182016001219 -
Advances in Parasitology 1999The review concentrates on literature that has appeared since the 1960s. Since then, numerous species of Paragonimus have been described, mainly from Asia but also from... (Review)
Review
The review concentrates on literature that has appeared since the 1960s. Since then, numerous species of Paragonimus have been described, mainly from Asia but also from Africa and the Americas. Some of these cause disease in humans. Recent information on life cycles and routes of transmission is summarized. All described species and their hosts are listed, with synonyms where known. For well-known species such as Paragonimus westermani, subspecific taxa and strains are reviewed and genetic studies discussed. Paragonimiasis in humans and experimental animals is discussed with emphasis on clinical manifestations and pathology, diagnosis, immune interactions with the host, treatment and public health issues.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Cats; Dogs; Host-Parasite Interactions; Humans; Mollusca; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus; Rats
PubMed: 10050273
DOI: 10.1016/s0065-308x(08)60149-9 -
Experimental Parasitology Jan 2007Paramyosin of the helminth parasite is a muscle protein that plays multifunctional roles in host-parasite relationships. In this study, we have cloned a gene encoding...
Paramyosin of the helminth parasite is a muscle protein that plays multifunctional roles in host-parasite relationships. In this study, we have cloned a gene encoding Paragonimus westermani paramyosin (PwPmy) and characterized biochemical and immunological properties of the recombinant protein. The recombinant PwPmy (rPwPmy) was shown to bind both human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and collagen. The protein was constitutively expressed in various developmental stages of the parasite and its expression level increased progressively as the parasite matured. Immunohistological analysis revealed that PwPmy was mainly localized in subtegumental muscle, tegument and cells surrounding the oral sucker, intestine, and ovary of the parasite. Sera from patients with paragonimiasis showed antibody reactivity against rPwPmy, and IgG1 and IgG4 were predominant. Immunization of mice with rPwPmy also induced high IgG responses. Biochemical and immunological characterization of PwPmy may provide valuable information for the further study to develop a vaccine or a chemotherapeutic agent for paragonimiasis.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Antibodies, Helminth; Base Sequence; Blotting, Western; Cloning, Molecular; Collagen; DNA, Helminth; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Molecular Sequence Data; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Tropomyosin
PubMed: 16814286
DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2006.05.004 -
Parasitology Research Apr 2009Paragonimus westermani is the most well-known species among the genus Paragonimus. It is widely distributed in Asia with considerable genetic diversity to form P....
Paragonimus westermani is the most well-known species among the genus Paragonimus. It is widely distributed in Asia with considerable genetic diversity to form P. westermani species complex. While P. westermani distributed in Japan, Korea, China, and Taiwan are genetically homogeneous to form the East Asia group, those found in other geographic areas are heterogeneous and would be divided into several groups. Recent discoveries of P. westermani in India and Sri Lanka highlighted new insights on molecular phylogenetic relationship of geographic isolates of this species complex. Since Vietnam is located at the east end of Southeast Asia, the intermediate position between South and East Asia, it is of interest to see whether P. westermani is distributed in this country. Here, we report that P. westermani metacercariae were found in mountainous crabs, Potamiscus sp., collected in Quangtri province in the central Vietnam. Adult worms were successfully obtained by experimental infection in cats. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that P. westermani of Vietnamese isolates have high similarities with those of East Asia group.
Topics: Animals; Brachyura; Cats; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Helminth; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; Microscopy; Molecular Sequence Data; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vietnam
PubMed: 19083013
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-008-1302-z -
American Journal of Respiratory and... Mar 2019
Topics: Adult; Animals; China; Humans; Lung; Male; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus westermani; Praziquantel; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30326730
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1149IM -
Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong... 1986
Review
Topics: Antigens, Helminth; Humans; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus
PubMed: 3533307
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Aug 2017Infection of boar-hunting dogs with Paragonimus westermani was investigated in Western Japan. Blood and rectal feces were collected from 441 dogs in the three districts...
Infection of boar-hunting dogs with Paragonimus westermani was investigated in Western Japan. Blood and rectal feces were collected from 441 dogs in the three districts (205 in Kinki, 131 in Chugoku and 105 in Shikoku District). In a screening ELISA for serum antibody against P. westermani antigen, 195 dogs (44.2%) showed positive reaction. In the 195 dogs, 8 dogs were found excreting P. westermani eggs after molecular analysis of fecal eggs, and additional 7 were identified serologically for the parasite infection because of their stronger reactivity against P. westermani antigen than against antigens of other species of Paragonimus. A spatial analysis showed that all of the P. westermani infections were found in Kinki and Chugoku Districts. In this area, dogs' experience of being fed with raw boar meat showed high odds ratio (3.35) to the sero-positivity in the screening ELISA, and the frequency of such experiences was significantly higher in sero-positive dogs. While clear relationship was not obtained between predation of boars by dogs during hunting and their sero-positivity. Therefore, it is suggested that human activity of feeding with wild boar meat is the risk factor for P. westermani infection in boar-hunting dogs. Considering that hunting dogs could play as a major definitive host and maintain the present distribution of P. westermani in Western Japan, control measures for the infection in hunting dogs, such as prohibition of raw meat feeding and regular deworming, should be undertaken.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Japan; Meat; Paragonimiasis; Paragonimus; Sus scrofa; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 28717056
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0149