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Bulletin Du Cancer Dec 2007Laparoscopic surgery takes place in a closed environment, the peritoneal cavity distended by the pneumoperitoneum whose parameters, such as pressure, composition,... (Review)
Review
Laparoscopic surgery takes place in a closed environment, the peritoneal cavity distended by the pneumoperitoneum whose parameters, such as pressure, composition, humidity and temperature of the gas, may be changed and adapted to influence the intra and postoperative surgical processes. Such changes were impossible in the "open" environment. This review includes recent data on peritoneal physiology, which are relevant for surgeons, and on the effects of the pneumoperitoneum on the peritoneal membrane. The ability to work in a new surgical environment, which may be adapted to each situation, opens a new era in endoscopic surgery. Using nebulizers, the pneumoperitoneum may become a new way to administer intraoperative treatments. Most of the current data on the consequences of the pneumoperitoneum were obtained using poor animal models so that it remains difficult to estimate the progresses, which will be brought to the operative theater by this new concept. However this revolution will likely be used by thoracic or cardiac surgeon who are also working in a serosa. This approach may even appear essential to all the surgeons who are using endoscopy in a retroperitoneal space such as urologists or endocrine surgeons.
Topics: Animals; Cell Hypoxia; Dendritic Cells; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Laparoscopy; Macrophages; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Omentum; Peritoneum; Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; Pressure; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 18156111
DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2007.0519 -
Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi =... Jul 2020Membrane anatomy is the anatomy of mesentery in broad sense and its beds, which was merged from clinical results of surgical practice, optic observation and traditional...
Membrane anatomy is the anatomy of mesentery in broad sense and its beds, which was merged from clinical results of surgical practice, optic observation and traditional theories contradiction or omission. Membrane anatomy is not only a plane, but also a body or bloc which is surrounded by fascia and serous membrane. It is not only fascia, but also a channel or pathway, in which the life event occurred. It is not only mesentery anatomy, but included mesentery beds, on which the mesentery was lied, even buried in. Following the new version of this anatomy map, surgical hazard during operation and postoperative oncological recurrence will be decreased simultaneously. And, following the definition of the mesentery in broad sense, new mesenteries will be discovered under macro surgery, which will optimize surgical operation and get better surgical and oncological results.
Topics: Fascia; Humans; Mesentery; Peritoneum
PubMed: 32683821
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200507-00260 -
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology May 2006Our objective was to detail peritoneal anatomy, techniques for optimizing peritoneal MRI, and the MRI characteristics of several disease processes that frequently... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to detail peritoneal anatomy, techniques for optimizing peritoneal MRI, and the MRI characteristics of several disease processes that frequently involve the peritoneum.
CONCLUSION
Homogeneous fat suppression and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, including delayed imaging, are critical technical factors for successful lesion detection and characterization on peritoneal MRI.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Diseases; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Peritoneum
PubMed: 16632733
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.04.1522 -
Contributions To Nephrology 1990
Review
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Fibrosis; Humans; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneum; Reference Values
PubMed: 2261778
DOI: 10.1159/000418988 -
Blood Purification 2002A review is given of the conditions associated with peritoneal membrane failure, and the possible causes. Ultrafiltration failure is the most important manifestation. It... (Review)
Review
A review is given of the conditions associated with peritoneal membrane failure, and the possible causes. Ultrafiltration failure is the most important manifestation. It is mostly associated with high transport rates of low molecular weight solutes suggesting the presence of a large vascular surface area. Enlargement of the peritoneal surface area can be functional (effective surface area: more perfused microvessels) or anatomic (more microvessels). The former is likely to be present in some patients in the beginning of peritoneal dialysis, and also during peritonitis. The latter can develop in long-term peritoneal dialysis.
Topics: Humans; Microcirculation; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneum; Peritonitis; Permeability
PubMed: 12207100
DOI: 10.1159/000065202 -
BJU International Sep 2004
Review
Topics: Humans; Medical Illustration; Perineum; Peritoneum; Urologic Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 15329090
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2004.04793.x -
Peritoneal Dialysis International :... Apr 2005Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) is used during various abdominal surgical interventions and during peritoneal dialysis to rinse the peritoneal cavity. Although no clear... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) is used during various abdominal surgical interventions and during peritoneal dialysis to rinse the peritoneal cavity. Although no clear clinical evidence exists for the bioincompatibility of normal saline, various experimental studies have suggested that 0.9% NaCl solution can initiate fibrosis of peritoneum.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We review the data derived from in vitro and in vivo experimental studies demonstrating the cytotoxic effect of 0.9% NaCl and its ability to initiate peritoneal adhesions.
RESULTS
Normal saline reduces the viability and fibrinolytic activity of peritoneal mesothelial cells. Use of normal saline to wash the peritoneal cavity during abdominal operations or after chronic peritoneal dialysis is more likely to produce adhesions than is no irrigation at all. Chronic exposure of the peritoneum to normal saline causes overgrowth of the connective tissue and formation of new blood vessels within that tissue.
CONCLUSION
Normal saline is a bioincompatible solution that predisposes to the formation of peritoneal adhesions and fibrosis of the peritoneum. A 0.9% NaCl solution should therefore not be used to rinse the peritoneal cavity after interruption of peritoneal dialysis.
Topics: Animals; Peritoneal Diseases; Peritoneum; Rats; Sodium Chloride; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 16300274
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Radiology Dec 2016To compare the dose distributions of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using the simultaneous integrated boost (SIB)...
OBJECTIVE
To compare the dose distributions of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using the simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique with that of the traditional midline block (MB) technique for boosting the parametrium in patients with cervical cancer.
METHODS
Treatment plans using VMAT or IMRT with the SIB technique (VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB) and IMRT followed by the MB technique (IMRT-MB) were generated for each of the 10 patients with cervical cancer. For the SIB plans, 45-Gy and 50-Gy dose levels in 25 equal fractions were set for the pelvis planning target volume 45 (PTV) and the parametrial boost volume (PTV), respectively. For the IMRT-MB plans, the parametrium was sequentially boosted with the MB technique (5.4 Gy in three fractions) after pelvic IMRT (PTV).
RESULTS
Volume receiving 100% of the prescribed dose or more coverage of the PTV was significantly better for VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB than that for IMRT-MB (99.08 and 99.31% compared with 91.79%, respectively; p < 0.05). VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB both generated significantly greater doses to the organs at risk (OARs) except for the volume receiving 50 Gy or more doses, which were significantly lower for the bladder and bowel. Comparable results were achieved with VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB.
CONCLUSION
The VMAT-SIB and IMRT-SIB techniques are promising in terms of dose distributions and tumour coverage, although these approaches might result in slightly higher doses of radiation to the OARs. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study to examine the feasibility of the SIB technique using IMRT or VMAT to boost the parametrium. The techniques dosimetrically produced better target coverage but resulted in slightly higher doses to the OARs.
Topics: Aged; Cervix Uteri; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Peritoneum; Radiometry; Radiotherapy Dosage; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 27706947
DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160526 -
Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology... Apr 2012During long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) the peritoneal membrane underlies processes of structural and functional reorganization mediated by high glucose and reactive... (Review)
Review
During long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) the peritoneal membrane underlies processes of structural and functional reorganization mediated by high glucose and reactive glucose metabolites that are contained in PD solutions; this process is accompanied by increasing fibrosis. Mechanistically, the peritoneal damage is triggered by the interaction of advanced glycation end-products with their receptor; this is true for rodents as well as for humans. With this knowledge interventional strategies can be tested in rodent models, among them are the lipid soluble vitamin B1 analogue benfotiamine (BF) or detoxifying enzymes such as glyoxalase. Of additional interest is the finding that PD fluids do not only cause local but also systemic damage, in particular renal and cardiovascular. In the case of kidney damage, the intervention with BF was also successful. Taken together, PD can be regarded as a local model for long-term diabetes together with systemic aspects of damage.
Topics: Animals; Glucose; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Humans; Learning; Mice; Models, Animal; Peritoneum; Rats; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; Receptors, Immunologic; Rodentia
PubMed: 22402947
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1304572 -
Cells, Tissues, Organs 2017There are several pathologies associated with the peritoneum, such as mesothelioma and peritonitis. Moreover, the peritoneum is widely used in ultrafiltration... (Review)
Review
There are several pathologies associated with the peritoneum, such as mesothelioma and peritonitis. Moreover, the peritoneum is widely used in ultrafiltration procedures, i.e., peritoneal dialysis, presenting advantages over hemodialysis. On the other hand, ultrafiltration failure may lead to dialysis-induced fibrosis and hypervolemia. Therefore, the pathophysiological study of this tissue is of extreme biomedical importance. Studies investigating the biology of the cells dwelling in the peritoneum wall provide evidence of their plasticity and progenitor features. For instance, both mesothelial and submesothelial cells present characteristics similar to mesenchymal stem cells, including osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential, support of extramedullary hematopoiesis, modulation of inflammatory responses, and regulation of tumor progression. Indeed, the participation of each cell type in peritoneal pathological and physiological phenomena is still under debate, especially regarding a possible differentiation pathway connecting these peritoneal cells. The primary aim of this review is to raise this discussion. In order to do so, we will firstly provide an overview of the peritoneum anatomy, histology, and ontology, and finally we will address how a better understanding of peritoneal cell biology may contribute to future cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches.
Topics: Animals; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Fibrosis; Humans; Mesothelioma; Peritoneum; Peritonitis; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stem Cells; Tissue Engineering
PubMed: 28972947
DOI: 10.1159/000479924