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Artificial Organs Feb 1985Four patients with chronic, progressive demyelinating peripheral polyneuropathy were found to have paraproteinemia. Two of the patients had multiple myeloma [both...
Four patients with chronic, progressive demyelinating peripheral polyneuropathy were found to have paraproteinemia. Two of the patients had multiple myeloma [both immunoglobulin (Ig)G lambda]. The other two had benign gammopathies: one of IgG kappa type and the other one with marked polyclonal elevation of IgM. Immunofluorescence studies revealed deposits of the abnormal serum immunoglobulin along the myelin sheaths in two of the patients in whom sural nerve biopsies were performed. All four patients were treated with plasmapheresis in combination with immunosuppressive drugs. Favorable responses to the therapy was observed in all four patients, but the degree of response varied from patient to patient. Two patients who presented clinical and electromyographic findings consistent with polymyositis were found to have serum IgG kappa M components. Immunofluorescence studies performed on muscle biopsy material from both patients revealed deposits of the abnormal serum paraprotein along the sarcolemmal basement membrane. A treatment course of plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive drugs resulted in a sustained increase of muscle strength in both patients.
Topics: Azathioprine; Cyclophosphamide; Demyelinating Diseases; Female; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Male; Middle Aged; Myositis; Paraproteinemias; Plasmapheresis; Prednisone
PubMed: 3994551
DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1985.tb04346.x -
Seminars in Nephrology Jan 2024Recent advances in the treatment of plasma cell disorders (PCDs) have provided a wealth of therapy alternatives and improved overall survival tremendously. Various types... (Review)
Review
Recent advances in the treatment of plasma cell disorders (PCDs) have provided a wealth of therapy alternatives and improved overall survival tremendously. Various types of PCDs are associated with kidney injury and end-stage kidney disease in a considerable number of patients. Kidney transplantation (KTx) is the best option for renal replacement therapy in select patients in terms of both quality of life parameters and overall survival. Even with modern therapies, all PCDs carry the risk of hematologic progression, whereas histologic recurrence and graft loss are other prevailing concerns in these patients. The risk of mortality is also higher in some of these disorders compared with KTx recipients who suffer from other causes of kidney disease. Unlike solid cancers, there is no well-defined "waiting time" after hematologic remission before proceeding to KTx. Thus, clinicians are usually reluctant to recommend KTx to patients who develop end-stage kidney disease due to PCDs. This review aims to provide the current evidence on KTx outcomes in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance and multiple myeloma. Although immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis is a monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance subtype, KTx outcomes in this group are mentioned in another chapter of this issue.
Topics: Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Multiple Myeloma; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 38485643
DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2024.151497 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Jan 2008Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare marker for paraproteinemia. An 86-year-old woman had a one year history of large red-yellow to brown annular plaques...
Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma (NXG) is a rare marker for paraproteinemia. An 86-year-old woman had a one year history of large red-yellow to brown annular plaques involving all limbs. Biopsies showed a non-palisading granuloma with numerous multinucleated giant cells showing prominent elastophagocytosis and extensive areas of necrobiosis throughout the entire dermis. Complete loss of elastic fibers was observed in the central atrophic area of an annular plaque. Small vascular thromboses were also present. Laboratory findings revealed paraproteinemia of IgG-lambda type. Immunohistochemical staining detected the presence of roughly equal numbers of IgG-lambda-and IgG-kappa-staining plasma cells in the dermis. We diagnosed NXG with paraproteinemia with monoclonal gammopathy (IgG-lambda type) of unknown significance.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Extremities; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Necrobiotic Disorders; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 17941882
DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2007.06392.x -
Revista Espanola de Las Enfermedades... Jul 1982
Topics: Bone Marrow; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Paraproteinemias; Paraproteins; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia
PubMed: 6813927
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Opinion in Supportive and... Sep 2010Bone has always been considered a target organ for neoplastic disorder. This review analyzed the close interaction between bone microenvironment and paraproteinemias. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Bone has always been considered a target organ for neoplastic disorder. This review analyzed the close interaction between bone microenvironment and paraproteinemias.
RECENT FINDINGS
Paraproteinemias are a group of disorders characterized by the presence of a monoclonal protein measured in the blood or urine. Paraproteinemias include nonmalignant B cell disorders such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and malignant diseases as multiple myeloma. All these conditions are characterized by increased risk of osteoporosis/osteopenia, and in the setting of multiple myeloma can manifest with osteolytic pattern.
SUMMARY
This review focuses on the biological aspects of paraproteinemia and bone disease, and indicates possible new therapeutic interventions.
Topics: Bone Density Conservation Agents; Bone Neoplasms; Bone and Bones; Diphosphonates; Humans; Multiple Myeloma; Paraproteinemias; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 20657285
DOI: 10.1097/SPC.0b013e32833d3011 -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde Feb 1992
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance; Multiple Myeloma; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 1538819
DOI: No ID Found -
Casopis Lekaru Ceskych Feb 1962
Topics: Blood Proteins; Exophthalmos; Humans; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 14488580
DOI: No ID Found -
Terapevticheskii Arkhiv 1980
Topics: Adult; Aged; Amyloid; Female; Humans; Hypergammaglobulinemia; Immunoglobulin M; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Middle Aged; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 6892857
DOI: No ID Found -
Anales de La Real Academia Nacional de... 1962
Topics: Blood Proteins; Humans; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 14451808
DOI: No ID Found -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... May 2018The diagnostic potentialities of complex immunochemical analysis of the serum and daily urine were evaluated in 118 patients with multiple myeloma. In 95 patients, we...
The diagnostic potentialities of complex immunochemical analysis of the serum and daily urine were evaluated in 118 patients with multiple myeloma. In 95 patients, we observed secretion of monoclonal intact immunoglobulins with heavy chains G (N=69), A (N=19), and M (N=4) and biclonal secretion of paraproteins G and A (N=3). Bence-Jones protein was detected in the sera and daily urine of 16 patients and Bence-Jones proteinuria alone was detected in 3 patients. The diagnostic sensitivity of serum immunoelectrophoresis in multiple myeloma is 94.1%. Analysis of paraproteinuria is particularly important in Bence-Jones myeloma, when paraprotein excretion may be not associated with paraproteinemia. Complex study by immunoelectrophoretic and immunoturbidimetric methods in multiple myeloma increases the diagnostic sensitivity to 99.2%.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bence Jones Protein; Female; Humans; Immunoelectrophoresis; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Myeloma; Paraproteinemias
PubMed: 29797132
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4105-y