-
Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Sep 2022Mindful Parenting: Mindfulness in the Parent-Child Relationship Parental self-regulation is vitally important for parent-child interaction and child development.... (Review)
Review
Mindful Parenting: Mindfulness in the Parent-Child Relationship Parental self-regulation is vitally important for parent-child interaction and child development. Mindfulness-based interventions generally aim at improving self-regulation by positively influencing neurocognitive functioning. The recent conceptualization of "mindful parenting" focuses on mindfulness aspects in parent-child relationships. Mindfulness-based interventions specifically for parents were recently developed and tested, especially in clinical settings. The results suggest positive effects of such programs for parents and children. For now, their nature remains preliminary, but they encourage future research.
Topics: Humans; Mindfulness; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Parents
PubMed: 35187975
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000853 -
Der Nervenarzt Sep 2023The parent-child relationship is the earliest and one of the most important close social relationships in a person's life. It begins even during pregnancy, is expressed... (Review)
Review
The parent-child relationship is the earliest and one of the most important close social relationships in a person's life. It begins even during pregnancy, is expressed in interactions and is accompanied by many neurobiological processes. A sensitive interaction with the parent who is well-adapted to the needs of the child, is necessary for a healthy child development; however, parents with mental disorders often face more difficulties in parenting than healthy parents. They tend to exhibit more intrusive or withdrawn behavior and report experiencing increased stress in parenting, which in turn can be a risk factor for the mental disorder. At the same time, parenting can be a great resource. Early recognition of stress in parenting is central to healthy child development and also to the parent's mental health. In addition to disorder-specific treatment for parents, parent-child focused interventions can be used in relationship or interaction disorders. This article presents and discusses different prevention and intervention approaches.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Parents; Parenting; Parent-Child Relations; Mental Disorders; Child Development
PubMed: 37171658
DOI: 10.1007/s00115-023-01491-7 -
Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic 2022The term (FTL) has been used to describe abled adults who do not work, do not attend school, and live with- and at the expense of-their parents. FTL can be beneficially...
The term (FTL) has been used to describe abled adults who do not work, do not attend school, and live with- and at the expense of-their parents. FTL can be beneficially addressed through parent training, a treatment method that is rarely used with adults (i.e., individuals past the age of majority). The authors first review the goals of parent training programs offered to parents of adults. The review demonstrates that these goals dovetail with key aspects of FTL. The authors then describe a new parent training approach for parents of individuals with FTL, based on SPACE (Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions). They highlight five key components of SPACE-FTL: Psychoeducation, Reducing Parental Accommodation, Increasing Parental Support, De-Escalation, and Engaging Supporters. The authors conclude by discussing SPACE-FTL in relation and comparison to other parent training programs and their components.
Topics: Child; Emotions; Humans; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Parents; Young Adult
PubMed: 36047938
DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2022.86.3.249 -
Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social... Aug 2023Parental technological immersion during parenting activities has been shown to alter parent-child interactions. This concept, referred to as parental technoference, has... (Review)
Review
Parental technological immersion during parenting activities has been shown to alter parent-child interactions. This concept, referred to as parental technoference, has the potential to affect parent-child relationships and children's health and development. This scoping review utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology to identify, describe, and summarize: (a) evidence of parental technoference on parent-child relationships, and children's health and development; (b) definitions and measurements of parental technoference; (c) research designs and methodologies used to investigate parental technoference; and (d) literature gaps. We searched MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews, JBI EBP Database, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus, as well as the reference lists of included studies for literature on parental technology use during parenting and parent-child interactions and its effects on parent-child relationships, and children's health and development. Sixty-four studies, found in 61 publications, met the review criteria. The effect of parental technoference on parent-child relationships was most studied, and findings demonstrated that parents recognized, and researchers observed, changes in parents' and children's behaviors. Adolescent self-reported mental health concerns and maladaptive technological behaviors (e.g., cyberbullying) were associated with more parental technoference, and findings highlighted safety concerns for children. Other aspects of children's development, although less studied, were also negatively impacted by parental technoference. No significant associations were found between parental technoference and children's medical and physiological health, yet these associations were the least studied. Additional research is needed to understand these associations and evaluate interventions designed to mitigate technoference harms.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Child Health; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Parents; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting
PubMed: 37347957
DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0278 -
Comprehensive Psychiatry Apr 2019Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders in which multiple genetic and environmental factors play roles. Symptoms of deficits in social... (Review)
Review
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders in which multiple genetic and environmental factors play roles. Symptoms of deficits in social communication and restrictive, repetitive behavioral patterns emerge early in a child's development. While parents do not cause these difficulties, impairments in social relatedness can strain parent child interactions and parental stress can have negative transactional effects that impede children development. Conversely, as with typically developing children, parental behavior can also enhance development in ASD and parents play a role in many interventions. In this review we examine parental contributions to the development of children with ASD, focusing on social communication and emotion regulation. We address parent and family characteristics that may impede development so they can be identified in families and interventions developed to target them.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Parents
PubMed: 30658339
DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.11.007 -
Developmental Psychobiology Mar 2023Oxytocin (OT) plays a pivotal role in early parent-child relationship formation and bonding that is critical for the social, cognitive, and emotional development of the... (Review)
Review
Oxytocin (OT) plays a pivotal role in early parent-child relationship formation and bonding that is critical for the social, cognitive, and emotional development of the child. Therefore, this systematic review aims to consolidate all available evidence regarding the associations of parental OT concentration levels with parenting behavior and bonding within the past 20 years. A systematic search was conducted in five databases from 2002 to May 2022, and 33 studies were finalized and included. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, findings were presented narratively based on the type of OT and parenting outcomes. Current evidence strongly suggests that parental OT levels are positively related to parental touch and parental gaze and affect synchrony and observer-coded parent-infant bonding. No gender difference in OT levels was observed between fathers and mothers, but OT strengthens affectionate parenting in mothers and stimulatory parenting in fathers. Child OT levels were also positively associated with parental OT levels. Family and healthcare providers could encourage more positive touch and interactive play between parent and child to strengthen parent-child relationships.
Topics: Infant; Female; Humans; Parenting; Oxytocin; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Mothers
PubMed: 36811366
DOI: 10.1002/dev.22359 -
Psychological Reports Jun 2012In this article, the controversy of divergent findings in research on parental socialization effects in different cultures is addressed. Three explanations intended to... (Review)
Review
In this article, the controversy of divergent findings in research on parental socialization effects in different cultures is addressed. Three explanations intended to address divergent findings of socialization effects in different cultures, as advanced by researchers who emphasize cultural differences, are discussed. These include cultural differences in socialization values and goals of parents, parental emotional and cognitive characteristics associated with parenting styles, and adolescents' interpretations or evaluations of their parents' parenting styles. The empirical evidence for and against each of these arguments is examined and an alternative paradigm for understanding and empirical study of developmental outcomes associated with parenting styles in different cultures is suggested. Baumrind's directive parenting style is presented as an alternative to the authoritarian parenting style in understanding the positive developmental effects associated with "strict" parenting in cultures said to have a collectivist orientation. Directions for research on the three explanations are mentioned.
Topics: Adolescent; Authoritarianism; Cognition; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Emotions; Female; Goals; Humans; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting; Parents; Social Values; Socialization
PubMed: 22897089
DOI: 10.2466/10.02.17.21.PR0.110.3.854-878 -
Journal of Personality Assessment 2022Assessing parent-child interactions is critical for understanding family dynamics, however tools available for capturing these dynamics are limited. The current study...
Assessing parent-child interactions is critical for understanding family dynamics, however tools available for capturing these dynamics are limited. The current study sought to examine the validity of the Continuous Assessment of Interpersonal Dynamics (CAID) for understanding the dynamics of parent-adolescent substance use discussions. Specifically, we examined how CAID parameters were related to indicators of parenting and substance use. Sixty-one parent-adolescent dyads adolescent age = 14.02, 57% female; parent age = 46.40; 98% female) completed three 9-minute video-taped conflict, alcohol, and cannabis discussions as well as self-report measures of parenting (e.g., monitoring, psychological control) and substance use behaviors (e.g., intentions, use with parental permission). Interactions were coded using the CAID which provides continuous assessments of parent and adolescent warmth and dominance. Parental warmth, adolescent warmth, and dominance complementarity CAID parameters were positively associated with adaptive parenting and negatively associated with maladaptive parenting factors. Parental warmth in the cannabis discussion was negatively associated with the substance use and intentions factor. These findings support CAID as a reliable and valid assessment of interpersonal dynamics that characterize parent-adolescent substance use discussions and suggest that substance use conversations may be most effective when parents and adolescents act warmly throughout the discussion and exhibit dominance complementarity.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Parenting; Substance-Related Disorders; Adolescent Behavior
PubMed: 35025716
DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2021.2019051 -
Journal of Attention Disorders Jul 2022Little is known about the experience of parenting infants when a mother or father has ADHD. This study examined cross-sectional predictors of parenting distress...
OBJECTIVE
Little is known about the experience of parenting infants when a mother or father has ADHD. This study examined cross-sectional predictors of parenting distress experienced by parents with and without ADHD who also have infants.
METHODS
Participants were 73 mother-father pairs ( = 146) of infants 6 to 10 months old. Half of the families included a parent with ADHD. Psychosocial predictors were tested using multilevel modeling.
RESULTS
Parent or partner ADHD, lower parent sleep quality, fewer social supports, and less infant surgency and effortful control were associated with greater parental distress. Infant negative affect and sleep were not associated.
CONCLUSIONS
Parents with ADHD and their partners experience greater parenting distress in the first year of their child's life than parents without ADHD. Addressing parent ADHD symptoms and co-occurring difficulties, including sleep disturbances, are potential targets for early interventions to maximize both parent and infant mental health outcomes.
Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Infant; Parenting; Parents; Postpartum Period
PubMed: 34937412
DOI: 10.1177/10870547211066488 -
Primary Health Care Research &... Jan 2017
Review
Topics: Humans; Parenting; Parents; Primary Health Care; Program Evaluation; Psychotherapy, Group
PubMed: 27531520
DOI: 10.1017/S1463423616000281