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The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Sep 2012Particulate bone graft (PBG) heals calvarial critical-size defects and is procured from the cranium with a hand-driven bit and brace. The donor sites ossify, and thus...
Particulate bone graft (PBG) heals calvarial critical-size defects and is procured from the cranium with a hand-driven bit and brace. The donor sites ossify, and thus PBG potentially could be reharvested from the original areas. The purpose of this study was to determine if PBG obtained from a healed donor site is effective for inlay cranioplasty. A 17 × 17-mm critical-size defect was created in the parietal bones of 8 rabbits and treated with either no implant (group 1) or PBG harvested from the frontal bone (group 2). In 4 animals (group 3), a parietal defect was not created initially; PBG was harvested from the frontal bone and then discarded. Sixteen weeks later after the PBG donor sites had healed, a 17 × 17-mm parietal defect was made and filled with PBG reharvested from the previous donor area. Animals underwent micro-computed tomography 16 weeks after inlay cranioplasty. Critical-size defects in controls (group 1) exhibited partial ossification (35.1% ± 10.5%) compared with those treated with PBG (group 2) (99.1% ± 1.5%) or reharvested PBG (group 3) (99.3% ± 1.5%) (P = 0.02). No difference was found between groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.69). Bony thickness was similar in defects implanted with PBG (1.8 mm ± 1.1 mm) or reharvested PBG (2.1 mm ± 0.5 mm) (P = 0.68). Particulate bone graft reharvested from healed donor sites ossifies inlay cranial defects. Because the donor area for PBG is of partial thickness and less than critical size, reparative osteogenesis theoretically allows an unlimited supply of autologous bone for inlay cranioplasty using PBG.
Topics: Animals; Bone Transplantation; Cell Survival; Craniotomy; Disease Models, Animal; Frontal Bone; Osteoblasts; Osteogenesis; Parietal Bone; Rabbits; Transplantation, Autologous; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 22976645
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e31824e6419 -
Calcified Tissue International Jan 2003Critical size defect (CSD) technique was used to evaluate the bone regeneration capacity of a newly discovered hyaluronic acid-like exopolysaccharide synthesized by a...
Critical size defect (CSD) technique was used to evaluate the bone regeneration capacity of a newly discovered hyaluronic acid-like exopolysaccharide synthesized by a bacteria originating from a deep sea hydrothermal vent. A 5 mm-diameter hole was made on each parietal bone of male rats. The right hole was filled with either a new bacterial exopolysaccharide referenced HE 800 or with collagen used as negative control, while the left hole remained free of any treatment. After 15 days, the holes and surrounding tissues were examined by direct examination, X-ray films, and histological staining. Using HE 800, bone healing was almost complete after only 15 days, with osteoblasts onto lying external bone surfaces and enhancing osteocyte inclusion. Neovascularization was also observed along with an organized trabecular bone. No abnormal bone growth or conjunctival abnormalities were noticed. At the end of the experiment, 95.9% (+/-6.2) bone healing (n = 20) was observed. Conversely, the collagen-treated animals did not demonstrate significant healing-17.8% (+/-18.1).
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Bone Substitutes; Collagen; Hyaluronic Acid; Male; Osseointegration; Parietal Bone; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vibrio
PubMed: 12370797
DOI: 10.1007/s00223-001-2091-x -
Journal of Electron Microscopy 2002Enamel matrix derivative (EMD: Emdogain) has been reported to stimulate the biosynthesis and regeneration of trabecular bone. To address whether the biological action of...
Enamel matrix derivative (EMD: Emdogain) has been reported to stimulate the biosynthesis and regeneration of trabecular bone. To address whether the biological action of EMD is dependent on the local environment of osseous tissue, circular perforations were made in parietal bones and immediately filled with either EMD or its carrier, propylene glycol alginate (PGA), as control. On post-operative days 4-60, the dissected bones were examined by various histological techniques. New bone matrix, which was immunoreactive for bone sialoprotein (BSP), was formed from the periosteum at the peripheral area of perforations. Different from the findings reported in injured long bones, mineralized tissue was produced in the regenerating connective tissue within bone defects. This mineralized tissue was hardly immunostained for BSP, contained few collagen fibres, and lacked osteocytic lacunae and layers of osteoblasts and osteoid. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis showed that Ca and P weight % and Ca/P molar ratio of this mineralized tissue were similar to or slightly higher than those in the pre-existing parietal bones. In addition, most multinucleated cells located in mineralized tissue lacked a ruffled border structure and showed weak immunoreaction for the lysosomal cysteine proteinase, cathepsin K, whereas those located in the bone matrix exhibited ruffled borders and strong cathepsin K expression. However, multinucleated cells located in both tissues were strongly stained for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The volume fraction of such mineralized tissue appeared to be higher in EMD-applied bones than in PGA-applied controls. The mineralized tissue-forming stromal cells within bone defects appeared to show greater accumulation in EMD-applied bones than in PGA-applied controls. Our results suggest that the bioactive effects of EMD on bone wound healing and mineralized tissue formation depend, at least in part, on the local osseous environment where EMD has been applied.
Topics: Animals; Bone Development; Bone Regeneration; Calcification, Physiologic; Dental Enamel; Dental Enamel Proteins; Microscopy, Electron; Osteoblasts; Parietal Bone; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Wound Healing
PubMed: 12630784
DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/51.6.413 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Aug 2007
Topics: Adult; Burkholderia pseudomallei; Humans; Male; Melioidosis; Osteomyelitis; Parietal Bone
PubMed: 17953108
DOI: 10.3201/eid1308.070479 -
Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine Nov 2013Attacks on human beings by various animals leading to varied types of injuries and even death in some cases are not uncommon. Crocodile attacks on humans have been...
Attacks on human beings by various animals leading to varied types of injuries and even death in some cases are not uncommon. Crocodile attacks on humans have been reported from a number of countries across the globe. Deaths in such attacks are mostly due to mechanical injuries or drowning. Bites by the crocodiles often cause the limbs to be separated from the body. The present case refers to an incident of a fatal attack by a crocodile on a 35 years old female where only the mutilated head of the female was recovered. Multiple lacerated wounds over the face and scalp along with fracture of the cranial bones was detected on autopsy. Two distinct bite marks in the form of punched in holes were noted over the parietal and frontal bones. Injuries on the head with its traumatic amputation from the body were sufficient to cause death. However, the presence of other fatal injuries on the unrecovered body parts could not be ruled out.
Topics: Adult; Alligators and Crocodiles; Animals; Bites and Stings; Decapitation; Facial Injuries; Fatal Outcome; Female; Frontal Bone; Head Injuries, Penetrating; Humans; India; Parietal Bone; Skull Fracture, Depressed
PubMed: 24237838
DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2013.09.005 -
Journal of Neuropathology and... Jul 1959
Topics: Humans; Parietal Bone; Thinness
PubMed: 13665386
DOI: 10.1097/00005072-195907000-00005 -
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.... May 1969
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Filtration; Osteoblasts; Parietal Bone; Periosteum; Rats
PubMed: 5770422
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Oral Biology Sep 1969
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Bone Resorption; Connective Tissue; Osteoblasts; Parietal Bone; Periosteum; Rats; Wound Healing
PubMed: 5259653
DOI: 10.1016/0003-9969(69)90079-x -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Jan 2014This study compared bone healing following the use of 2 piezoelectric surgery units or conventional mechanical cutting with carbide and diamond drills to explore their... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
This study compared bone healing following the use of 2 piezoelectric surgery units or conventional mechanical cutting with carbide and diamond drills to explore their future applications for bone surgery.
METHODS
Subcritical-size (approximately 1.5-2 mm) calvarial defects were created in the parietal bones of adult mice. Following defect standardization, a full-thickness semicircular defect was created on the parietal bones of 12 mice divided into 4 groups: carbide bur, Surgystar, diamond bur, and Piezoelectric System. Hard tissue healing was assessed using micro-computed tomography at 1 day, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after surgery.
RESULTS
At 4 weeks, the Surgystar group and Piezoelectric System group showed a significant difference from the carbide group. The Surgystar and Piezoelectric System groups did differ from the diamond group. At 8 weeks, the Surgystar and Piezoelectric System groups differed significantly from the carbide and diamond groups. The fraction of healing results over the 8 weeks demonstrated that the Surgystar group had a significantly higher bone healing percentage than did the carbide group (P = 0.001) and the diamond group (P = 0.026), but it did not differ significantly from the Piezoelectric System group (P = 0.420).
CONCLUSIONS
The Surgystar and Piezoelectric System are suitable for bone osteotomy and provide faster bone healing in comparison with mechanical instrumentation.
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Bone and Bones; Craniotomy; Male; Mice; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Osteotomy; Parietal Bone; Piezosurgery; Surgical Instruments; Treatment Outcome; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 24406569
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000000382 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal... Mar 2017
Topics: Female; Fractures, Spontaneous; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Parietal Bone; Skull Fracture, Depressed; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27645490
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-311232