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Pediatric Neurosurgery Oct 2003Enlarged parietal foramina have historically been described as merely the normal parietal foramina (which usually transmit emissary veins connecting the occipital veins...
INTRODUCTION
Enlarged parietal foramina have historically been described as merely the normal parietal foramina (which usually transmit emissary veins connecting the occipital veins to the superior sagittal sinus) in which the diameter exceeds approximately 5.0 mm.
METHODS
We have observed well over 500 cadaveric wet and dry specimens for simultaneous bilateral enlarged and normal parietal foramina.
RESULTS
We have found two bony adult calvaria, which demonstrate both enlarged parietal 'foramina' and the normally appreciated parietal foramina.
CONCLUSIONS
Although a rare occurrence, enlarged parietal foramina occur in conjunction with the normally sized and positioned parietal foramina. This dismisses earlier hypotheses that enlarged parietal foramina are merely parietal foramina that are increased in their diameter.
Topics: Adult; Cephalometry; Humans; Osteogenesis; Parietal Bone
PubMed: 12944704
DOI: 10.1159/000072475 -
Journal of Applied Physiology May 1957
Topics: Compressive Strength; Humans; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Parietal Bone
PubMed: 13438807
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1957.10.3.493 -
Rinsho Hoshasen. Clinical Radiography Feb 1972
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Parietal Bone; Radiography
PubMed: 4482054
DOI: No ID Found -
Bone 1990We have developed a method that allows us to measure bone resorption and formation simultaneously in the parietal bones from 22-day fetal rat calvaria. Parietal bones...
We have developed a method that allows us to measure bone resorption and formation simultaneously in the parietal bones from 22-day fetal rat calvaria. Parietal bones labeled with 45Ca, by injection of the mother, were cultured for 72 h with parathyroid hormone (PTH, bovine 1-34, 1.56 nM) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 100 nM), in the presence or absence of indomethacin (Indo, 1 microM) or corticosterone (Cort, 1 microM). Two hours prior to the end of the culture, the bones were pulsed with [3H]-proline or [3H]-thymidine. Resorption was assessed as the percent of 45Ca released into the medium. Incorporation of [3H]-proline into collagenase digestible protein (CDP) and of [3H]-thymidine into DNA (TDR) were measured to assess collagen and DNA synthesis, respectively. Basal %45Ca release was 16 +/- 1% and was significantly decreased by Indo and Cort. Cort decreased TDR and CDP while Indo did not. PTH and PGE2 significantly increased %45Ca release, and this was not blocked by Indo. However, in the presence of Cort, only PTH increased %45Ca release while PGE2 did not. PGE2 increased TDR under all culture conditions while PTH increased TDR only in the presence of Cort. While PTH and PGE2 had the same effects on bone resorption, they had different effects on CDP. PGE2 increased CDP in the presence of Indo or Cort but PTH did not. Thus, this model allows us to study bone resorption, collagen synthesis, and DNA synthesis simultaneously. We have also shown that PTH and PGE2 differ in their sensitivity to inhibition of resorption by Cort and in their effects on bone formation.
Topics: Animals; Bone Development; Bone Resorption; Collagen; Corticosterone; DNA; Dinoprostone; Female; Indomethacin; Organ Culture Techniques; Organ Size; Parathyroid Hormone; Parietal Bone; Rats; Time Factors
PubMed: 2331433
DOI: 10.1016/8756-3282(90)90073-8 -
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery Nov 2013This study aims to analyze the effect of the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and ozone therapy on the bone healing of critical size defect (CSD) in rat calvaria. A total...
This study aims to analyze the effect of the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and ozone therapy on the bone healing of critical size defect (CSD) in rat calvaria. A total of 30 Wistar male rats were used. A 5-mm-diameter trephine bur was used to create CSD on the right side of the parietal bone of each rat calvarium. Once the bone was excised, a synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate graft material was implanted to all the bone defect sites. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups as follows: the control group (n = 10), which received no LLLT or ozone therapy; the LLLT group (n = 10), which received only LLLT (120 seconds, 3 times a week for 2 weeks); and the ozone therapy group (n = 10) (120 seconds, 3 times a week for 2 weeks). After 1 month, all the rats were killed, and the sections were examined to evaluate the presence of inflammatory infiltrate, connective tissue, and new bone formation areas. Histomorphometric analyses showed that in the LLLT and ozone groups, the new bone areas were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). In the LLLT group, higher new bone areas were found than in the ozone group (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that both ozone and laser therapies had a positive effect on bone formation in rat calvarial defect, compared with the control group; however, ozone therapy was more effective than LLLT (808 nm; 0.1 W; 4 J/cm(2); 0.028 cm(2), continuous wave mode).
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Bone Substitutes; Disease Models, Animal; Low-Level Light Therapy; Male; Ozone; Parietal Bone; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Skull Fractures; Wound Healing
PubMed: 24220424
DOI: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182a244ae -
Clinical Neuropathology 2019Primary intradiploic epidermoid cyst of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare disease. More than 200 cases have been reported so far. The lesion can affect every... (Review)
Review
Primary intradiploic epidermoid cyst of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare disease. More than 200 cases have been reported so far. The lesion can affect every flat bone of the cranium. The pre-operative diagnosis is always misleading. We reported a 61-year-old female with giant primary intradiploic epidermoid cyst in the parietal bone. Surgical resection was performed. The patient recovered well with no complication nor neurologic dysfunction. A literature review of the disease will also be presented here. .
Topics: Bone Diseases; Epidermal Cyst; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Parietal Bone
PubMed: 30526818
DOI: 10.5414/NP301135 -
Calcified Tissue International Sep 2003Critical Size Defect (CSD) technique was used to evaluate the systemic activities on bone regeneration capacity of a newly discovered hyaluronic acid-like...
Critical Size Defect (CSD) technique was used to evaluate the systemic activities on bone regeneration capacity of a newly discovered hyaluronic acid-like exopolysaccharide synthesized by a bacteria originating from a deep sea hydrothermal vent. Some systemic effects were previously detected on earlier experiments. A 5 mm diameter hole was made on each parietal bone of male rats. The right hole was filled with 0.5 mg of a new bacterial exopolysaccharide referenced HE 800, while the left hole remained free of any treatment. After 21 days, the holes and surrounding tissues were examined by direct examination, X-rays, and histological staining. Using HE 800, bone healing was almost complete after only 21 days in the treated hole and always complete in the control side by some systemic effect. Neovascularization was also observed along with an organized trabecular bone on both sides. No abnormal bone growth or conjunctival abnormalities were noticed. At the end of the experiment, 90.1% ( +/- 5.2) bone healing (n = 20) was observed on the treated side; conversely, the control side animals demonstrate an amazing healing 100% (+/- 0.5) by a systemic effect.
Topics: Animals; Bone Regeneration; Bone Substitutes; Male; Osseointegration; Parietal Bone; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vibrio
PubMed: 14667135
DOI: 10.1007/s00223-002-2081-7 -
World Neurosurgery Apr 2018Penetrating brain injury (PBI) caused by a nail gun is an extremely rare neurosurgical emergency that poses a challenge for neurosurgeons because of its rarity and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Penetrating brain injury (PBI) caused by a nail gun is an extremely rare neurosurgical emergency that poses a challenge for neurosurgeons because of its rarity and complexity.
CASE DESCRIPTION
Here we present 3 cases of PBI caused by a nail gun. In the first case, the nail entered through the right parietal bone and lodged in the right parietal lobe and basal ganglia. In the second case, the nail entered through the right occipital bone and lodged in the right occipital lobe. In the third case, the nail entered through the right parietal bone and lodged in the right frontal and parietal lobes. All patients underwent surgical removal of the nail. The first patient presented with reduced left-side strength, whereas the second and third patients were neurologically intact on presentation.
CONCLUSIONS
PBI caused by a nail gun can present with differing clinical manifestations, and most cases require immediate surgery. A rational management strategy should provide a good postoperative prognosis with minimal neurologic deficits in these patients.
Topics: Basal Ganglia; Female; Head Injuries, Penetrating; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurosurgical Procedures; Parietal Bone; Parietal Lobe; Prognosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29410036
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.01.127 -
British Journal of Neurosurgery Dec 2023Intracranial epidermoid cyst is a rare pseudotumor of the nervous system, accounting for 0.2%-1.8% of all intracranial tumors. It is usually located in the... (Review)
Review
Intracranial epidermoid cyst is a rare pseudotumor of the nervous system, accounting for 0.2%-1.8% of all intracranial tumors. It is usually located in the cerebellopontine Angle or parasellar area, with insipid onset, slow growth and usually less than 2 cm in diameter. Giant epidermoid cysts that invade the bone have rarely been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a case of giant ECs extradural to the parietal bone, penetrating the skull and continuing to expand outward. In addition, a systematic search of four authoritative databases was conducted to collect the relevant reports of giant epidermoid cyst with diameter > 5cm for the first time, and to discuss the clinical and radiographic features of patients with giant epidermoid cyst and the influence of treatment options.
Topics: Humans; Epidermal Cyst; Skull; Head; Brain Neoplasms; Parietal Bone
PubMed: 34320894
DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2021.1950635 -
Clinical Oral Implants Research Jul 2013Restoration of an adequate blood supply is essential for the bone healing process and is key to the success of bone augmentation procedures. In this study, we evaluated...
OBJECTIVES
Restoration of an adequate blood supply is essential for the bone healing process and is key to the success of bone augmentation procedures. In this study, we evaluated angiogenesis in rat calvarial flat bone defects using in vivo microfocus computed tomography (micro-CT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty rats were used. The calvarium was exposed and calvarial bone defects of critical (5-mm diameter) and non-critical (2.7-mm diameter) sizes were prepared. Bone regeneration and angiogenesis were evaluated by image analysis using micro-CT and histological examination.
RESULTS
Critical- and non-critical-sized calvarial bone defects showed bone regeneration and angiogenesis around the midsagittal suture. Critical-sized calvarial bone defects showed approximately 1.2% reossification of the original surgical defect, whereas the non-critical-sized defects showed approximately 43.3% reossification at day 28. Furthermore, angiogenesis was observed later in the critical-sized calvarial bone defects (about 38.2%), whereas angiogenesis was observed early in the non-critical-sized calvarial bone defects (about 75.5%) at day 28. New blood vessel networks were observed around defects of both sizes.
CONCLUSIONS
Angiogenesis preceded bone regeneration around critical- and non-critical-sized calvarial bone defects. Angiogenesis led to full bone formation in non-critical-sized defects.
Topics: Angiography; Animals; Bone Diseases; Bone Regeneration; Connective Tissue; Cranial Sutures; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Osteogenesis; Parietal Bone; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Time Factors; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 22458557
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02458.x