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Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 1996A peripheral corneal endotheliopathy (PCE), named autoimmune endotheliopathy was described in association with corneal graft rejection and as an isolated corneal...
A peripheral corneal endotheliopathy (PCE), named autoimmune endotheliopathy was described in association with corneal graft rejection and as an isolated corneal alteration unrelated to surgery, trauma, or infection. It has also been found in patients with pars planitis (PP), but the significance of this association is unknown. The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical charts of 53 PP patients (106 eyes) examined at the Uveitis Clinic from 1988 to 1993. Special attention was paid to the description of corneal clinical findings. PCE was found in 18.8+ of the eyes, and of these, 70+ showed bilateral involvement. The presence of PCE was not related to PP severity, but PCE was more frequently seen in younger patients. This descriptive study shows that identification of PCE may aid in the diagnosis of childhood PP.
PubMed: 22823324
DOI: 10.3109/09273949609079646 -
Pediatric Annals Nov 2015
Topics: Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Pars Planitis; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Sarcoidosis; Uveitis
PubMed: 26587811
DOI: 10.3928/00904481-20151112-02 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Feb 1996To report the diagnosis of pars planitis on the basis of ultrasound biomicroscopy images.
PURPOSE
To report the diagnosis of pars planitis on the basis of ultrasound biomicroscopy images.
METHODS
The Humphrey ultrasound biomicroscope was used for examination of the right eye of a 17-year-old boy, referred to our clinic because of blurred vision. The lens showed a posterior subcapsular cataract precluding fundus visualization.
RESULTS
Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed a homogeneous mass of medium reflectivity over the pars plana. Lensectomy and vitrectomy confirmed the diagnosis.
CONCLUSION
This brief case report points out the utility of ultrasound biomicroscopy in diagnosing pars planitis in cases of media opacities.
Topics: Adolescent; Cataract; Cataract Extraction; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Male; Microscopy; Pars Planitis; Ultrasonography; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 8623895
DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)70590-2 -
Oman Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2013Because of their varied spectrum of clinical presentation and difficulty in management, pediatric uveitis remains a challenge to the ophthalmologist. Variations in... (Review)
Review
Because of their varied spectrum of clinical presentation and difficulty in management, pediatric uveitis remains a challenge to the ophthalmologist. Variations in clinical presentation, difficulties in eye examination, extended burden of the inflammation over quality of life, limited treatment modalities, risk of amblyopia are the main challenges in the management of pediatric uveitis. Pediatric uveitis is a cause of significant ocular morbidity and severe vision loss is found in 25-33% of such cases. This article summarizes the common causes of uveitis in children with special approach to the evaluation and diagnosis of each clinical entity.
PubMed: 24379547
DOI: 10.4103/0974-620X.122267 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2008
Topics: Humans; Incidence; Minnesota; Pars Planitis; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 18724984
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.05.019 -
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and... 2003To review the etiologic factors and complications of uveitis in patients younger than 16 years.
PURPOSE
To review the etiologic factors and complications of uveitis in patients younger than 16 years.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between January 1989 and December 1999 in the Department of Ophthalmology of Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 219 patients were diagnosed or observed as having pediatric uveitis. After complete ocular and physical examinations, routine and specific laboratory and radiologic investigations were performed. Medical or surgical treatment was employed when necessary.
RESULTS
Of the 219 patients, 112 were girls, with a mean age of 7.4 +/- 4.2 years, and 107 were boys, with a mean age of 8.3 +/- 3.4 years. In 24.2% of the cases, no etiologic factor could be ascertained; these cases comprised the idiopathic group. Among the remaining cases, the most common etiologies were toxoplasmosis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), pars planitis, Behçet's disease, and Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis. Anatomically, anterior uveitis was the most common form. The mean follow-up time was 37 +/- 6.2 months. Complications for which surgical treatment was employed were identified in 71 eyes (20.9%), most of which were due to JRA, pars planitis, or Behçet's disease.
CONCLUSION
Uveitis in childhood may be idiopathic or most commonly due to toxoplasmosis, JRA, and pars planitis. Due to inflammation itself or to prolonged therapy especially with corticosteroids, pediatric uveitis entities (mostly JRA, pars planitis, or Behçet's disease) may result in complications necessitating a surgical approach.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Arthritis, Juvenile; Behcet Syndrome; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Pars Planitis; Retrospective Studies; Toxoplasmosis; Uveitis
PubMed: 14655981
DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-20031101-06 -
International Ophthalmology May 2021To evaluate spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of 42 eyes with pars planitis and to identify risk factors affecting visual acuity.
PURPOSE
To evaluate spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of 42 eyes with pars planitis and to identify risk factors affecting visual acuity.
METHODS
Medical records and SD-OCT findings were retrospectively reviewed.
RESULTS
Mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.248 ± 0.3 on the logMAR scale at baseline. SD-OCT findings included epiretinal membrane (ERM) in 16 (38.1%) eyes, loss of normal foveal contour appearance in 8 (19.0%), ellipsoid zone (EZ) damage in 5 (11.9%), external limiting membrane (ELM) damage in 3 (7.1%), disruption of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in 2 (4.8%), and macular atrophy in 1 (2.4%). There was macular edema in 10 (23.8%) eyes [cystoid macular edema (CME) in 8 (19.0%), diffuse macular edema (DME) in 6 (14.3%), and serous retinal detachment in 2 (4.8%)]. The mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 272.1 ± 319.5 μm. Patients were followed up for a mean of 50.6 ± 36.7 months. Mean BCVA was 0.210 ± 0.3 at the final evaluation. SD-OCT findings included ERM in 28 (66.7%) eyes, EZ damage in 6 (14.3%), ELM damage in 3 (7.1%), disruption of RPE in 4 (9.5%), loss of normal foveal contour appearance in 12 (28.6%), and macular atrophy in 2 (4.8%). There was CME and/or DME in 6 (14.3%) eyes. The mean CMT was 238 ± 220.9 μm and was significantly lower than the baseline (p < 0.001). According to multivariate linear regression analysis, the presence of DME, and loss of normal foveal contour appearance at baseline were the independent factors associated with BCVA at the final examination (B = 0.726, p < 0.001; B = 0.766, p < 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
DME and loss of normal foveal contour appearance were more likely to have adverse effects on visual acuity.
Topics: Humans; Pars Planitis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 33559832
DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01734-z -
Ophthalmology Jun 1993To identify the ocular complications and to statistically evaluate the possible association of pars planitis with multiple sclerosis (MS) in a homogeneous population of...
PURPOSE
To identify the ocular complications and to statistically evaluate the possible association of pars planitis with multiple sclerosis (MS) in a homogeneous population of pars planitis patients.
METHODS
The authors reexamined 36 patients and reviewed the records of an additional 18 patients (total: 54 patients, 108 eyes) with idiopathic pars planitis.
RESULTS
The initial mean visual acuity of 20/46 (logMAR: 0.36 +/- 0.50) was not statistically different from the final mean visual acuity of 20/44 (logMAR: 0.34 +/- 0.45; P = 0.73), after a mean follow-up of 89.2 months. Complications included neovascularization with or without associated vitreous hemorrhage (7 eyes, 6.5%), moderate to severe cellophane retinopathy (7 eyes, 6.5%), chronic cystoid macular edema (CME) (9 eyes, 8.3%), visually significant cataracts (16 eyes, 14.8%), and retinal detachment (9 eyes, 8.3%). Significant lens opacification was associated with a greater risk of retinal detachment (P = 0.004). In four patients (7.4%), optic neuritis developed, and in an additional eight patients (14.8%) MS developed. Kaplan-Meier analysis of these data showed a 16.2% +/- 6.2% risk of MS solely developing in patients, and a 20.4% +/- 6.7% risk of either MS or optic neuritis developing, after 5 years of disease. The presence of periphlebitis at the time of pars planitis diagnosis increased the rate of development of these conditions (P = 0.002). Six patients (11.1%) had a family history positive for MS in a first-degree relative.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates the overall favorable visual prognosis in patients with pars planitis. Patients with significant cataract formation appear to be at greater risk for retinal detachment. Periphlebitis at the time of diagnosis of pars planitis increases the risk of development of optic neuritis or MS. The strong association demonstrated between pars planitis and MS in this study further supports a link between the two disease states.
Topics: Adult; Cataract; Eye Diseases; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Male; Multiple Sclerosis; Optic Neuritis; Pars Planitis; Prognosis; Retinal Diseases; Risk Factors; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 8510893
DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31567-8 -
Ophthalmology Aug 1993To establish a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association in a homogeneous population of patients with pars planitis.
PURPOSE
To establish a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association in a homogeneous population of patients with pars planitis.
METHODS
A strict set of inclusion parameters was established for the diagnosis of pars planitis. Forty patients with pars planitis who met these criteria underwent HLA analysis of class I and II phenotypes.
RESULTS
HLA-B8 was present in 15 (37.5%) of 40 patients versus 85 (19.7%) of 431 controls (relative risk, 2.44; P = 0.011). HLA-B51 was present in 9 (22.5%) of 40 patients versus 51 (11.8%) of 431 controls (relative risk, 2.16; P = 0.049). HLA-DR2 was present in 27 (67.5%) of 40 patients versus 121 (28.0%) of 431 controls (relative risk, 5.32; P < 0.0001). HLA-DR2 has been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Exclusion of five patients with pars planitis in whom MS subsequently developed did not change the significance of these findings.
CONCLUSIONS
The strongest association of pars planitis with HLA-DR2 and the temporal development of MS in some patients with pars planitis further supports an association between pars planitis and MS.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Female; HLA-A Antigens; HLA-B Antigens; HLA-B8 Antigen; HLA-D Antigens; HLA-DR2 Antigen; Humans; Male; Multiple Sclerosis; Pars Planitis; Phenotype
PubMed: 8341502
DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31505-8 -
Transactions of the American... 1998To determine the effect of peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation (PLP) on visual acuity, intraocular inflammation, and other ocular findings, including retinal...
PURPOSE
To determine the effect of peripheral retinal laser photocoagulation (PLP) on visual acuity, intraocular inflammation, and other ocular findings, including retinal neovascularization in eyes with pars planitis.
METHODS
A retrospective chart review of eyes with pars planitis that had undergone PLP.
RESULTS
Twenty-two eyes in 17 patients with pars planitis had undergone treatment with PLP at 2 centers. The mean age at the time of treatment was 19.3 years. Following treatment, mean follow-up was 16.3 months (range, 6 to 37 months). Mean visual acuity was 20/60 preoperatively and 20/50 postoperatively. This level of improvement was not statistically significant (P > .10), but there was a statistically significant decrease in the use of corticosteroids between the preoperative examination and the last postoperative examination (86% versus 27%, P < .05). There was also a statistically significant decrease in vitritis at the last follow-up (P = .0008) and a decrease in neovascularization of the vitreous base (P = .03) and in clinically apparent cystoid macular edema (P = .02). Epiretinal membranes were noted in 23% of eyes preoperatively and in 45% of eyes postoperatively. Only one of these epiretinal membranes was considered to be visually significant. One eye developed a tonic dilated pupil, which slowly improved.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the long-term natural history of clinical findings in pars planitis is not well documented, PLP appears to decrease the need for corticosteroids while stabilizing visual acuity. It also appears to decrease vitreous inflammation. PLP has few complications and should be considered in patients with pars planitis who are unresponsive or have adverse reactions to corticosteroids.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Child; Endophthalmitis; Female; Humans; Laser Coagulation; Macular Edema; Male; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Pars Planitis; Postoperative Period; Retrospective Studies; Visual Acuity; Vitreous Body
PubMed: 10360286
DOI: No ID Found