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Anaerobe Apr 2023Brain abscesses mostly develop due to direct infection caused by a nearby infectious lesion or hematogenous spread and are rarely caused by an odontogenic infection. We... (Review)
Review
Brain abscesses mostly develop due to direct infection caused by a nearby infectious lesion or hematogenous spread and are rarely caused by an odontogenic infection. We report a 47-year-old woman who presented with high fever, disturbed consciousness, headache, and neck pain. Imaging studies revealed a ring-shaped enhanced mass in the left frontal lobe causing a mass effect and midline shift. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed a peak alanine concentration of 1.5 ppm. Supraorbital keyhole surgery with abscess removal was performed, and a bacterial culture confirmed a diagnosis of Parvimonas micra infection. After undergoing 6-week antibiotic treatment, the patient's symptoms resolved completely. No recurrence of abscess was observed during the follow-up period. Although brain abscess caused by P. micra has rarely been reported, an odontogenic origin should be investigated, especially when a patient has a history of periodontal infection or tooth extraction.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Firmicutes; Brain Abscess
PubMed: 36736989
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102711 -
BMJ Case Reports Nov 2019() is a Gram-positive anaerobic cocci, normally found in the oral cavity and rarely causes severe infections. We describe a rare clinical presentation of as...
() is a Gram-positive anaerobic cocci, normally found in the oral cavity and rarely causes severe infections. We describe a rare clinical presentation of as spondylodiscitis and psoas abscess with haematogenous spread in an adult patient. MRI lumbar spine detected L2 and L3 spondylodiscitis. Blood cultures were positive at 48 hours of incubation and was identified on anaerobic culture after 72 hours. Isolates from bone biopsy confirms She was successfully treated with ceftriaxone, followed by oral metronidzole for a total of 8 weeks. The suspected origin of her was a dental cavity. Anaerobic bacteria tend to be underestimated in spondylodiscitis. In cases of slow growing organisms, we emphasise the importance of performing accurate identification including anaerobic bacteria to guide management. should be considered in patients with spondylodiscitis who had recent dental intervention or perioral infection.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Administration, Oral; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biopsy; Bone and Bones; Ceftriaxone; Diagnosis, Differential; Discitis; Female; Firmicutes; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Metronidazole; Psoas Abscess; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31748364
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-232040 -
JBJS Case Connector Oct 2022We present an interesting case of femoral emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) in a 67-year-old patient with the offending pathogen to be Parvimonas micra. Two knee...
CASE
We present an interesting case of femoral emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) in a 67-year-old patient with the offending pathogen to be Parvimonas micra. Two knee arthrotomies with lateral thigh exploration were performed to debride and irrigate the bone and compartments. Although the patient initially improved, definitive treatment with an antibiotic intramedullary rod was necessary and resulted in complete resolution.
CONCLUSION
We present the first case of EO secondary to P. micra described in the literature and recommend aggressive surgical management for complete resolution and preserved functional outcome.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Firmicutes; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Osteomyelitis
PubMed: 36240293
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.CC.22.00247 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2020The use of faecal microbial markers as non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested, but not fully elucidated. Here, we have evaluated the...
The use of faecal microbial markers as non-invasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested, but not fully elucidated. Here, we have evaluated the importance of Parvimonas micra as a potential non-invasive faecal biomarker in CRC and its relation to other microbial biomarkers. The levels of P. micra, F. nucleatum and clbA + bacteria were quantified using qPCR in faecal samples from a population-based cohort of patients undergoing colonoscopy due to symptoms from the large bowel. The study included 38 CRC patients, 128 patients with dysplasia and 63 controls. The results were validated in a second consecutive CRC cohort including faecal samples from 238 CRC patients and 94 controls. We found significantly higher levels of P. micra in faecal samples from CRC patients compared to controls. A test for P. micra could detect CRC with a specificity of 87.3% and a sensitivity of 60.5%. In addition, we found that combining P. micra with other microbial markers, could further enhance test sensitivity. Our findings support the potential use of P. micra as a non-invasive biomarker for CRC. Together with other microbial faecal markers, P. micra may identify patients with "high risk" microbial patterns, indicating increased risk and incidence of cancer.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bacterial Load; Biomarkers, Tumor; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Feces; Female; Firmicutes; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors
PubMed: 32943695
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72132-1 -
Molecular Oncology May 2024Oral and intestinal samples from a cohort of 93 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 30 healthy controls (non-CRC) were collected for microbiome analysis. Saliva (28...
Oral and intestinal samples from a cohort of 93 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 30 healthy controls (non-CRC) were collected for microbiome analysis. Saliva (28 non-CRC and 94 CRC), feces (30 non-CRC and 97 CRC), subgingival fluid (20 CRC), and tumor tissue samples (20 CRC) were used for 16S metabarcoding and/or RNA sequencing (RNAseq) approaches. A differential analysis of the abundance, performed with the ANCOM-BC package, adjusting the P-values by the Holm-Bonferroni method, revealed that Parvimonas was significantly over-represented in feces from CRC patients (P-value < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. A total of 11 Parvimonas micra isolates were obtained from the oral cavity and adenocarcinoma of CRC patients. Genome analysis identified a pair of isolates from the same patient that shared 99.2% identity, demonstrating that P. micra can translocate from the subgingival cavity to the gut. The data suggest that P. micra could migrate in a synergistic consortium with other periodontal bacteria. Metatranscriptomics confirmed that oral bacteria were more active in tumor than in non-neoplastic tissues. We suggest that P. micra could be considered as a CRC biomarker detected in non-invasive samples such as feces.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Male; Female; Adenocarcinoma; Middle Aged; Aged; Mouth; Feces; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Gingiva; Saliva; Peptostreptococcus; Firmicutes
PubMed: 37558206
DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13506 -
European Journal of Clinical... Jul 2023Parvimonas micra isolations are usually part of polymicrobial infections and the pathogenic role of this microrganism is still debated. We describe here a large series...
Parvimonas micra isolations are usually part of polymicrobial infections and the pathogenic role of this microrganism is still debated. We describe here a large series of hospitalized patients diagnosed with Parvimonas micra infections and discuss the clinical and therapeutic management and the outcome of these infections.
Topics: Humans; Firmicutes; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 37133638
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04617-6 -
Gut Microbes 2023Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of CRC have been increasing in China, possibly due to... (Review)
Review
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of CRC have been increasing in China, possibly due to economic development, lifestyle, and dietary changes. Evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays an essential role in the tumorigenesis of CRC. Gut dysbiosis, specific pathogenic microbes, metabolites, virulence factors, and microbial carcinogenic mechanisms contribute to the initiation and progression of CRC. Gut microbiota biomarkers have potential translational applications in CRC screening and early diagnosis. Gut microbiota-related interventions could improve anti-tumor therapy's efficacy and severe intestinal toxic effects. Chinese researchers have made many achievements in the relationship between gut microbiota and CRC, although some challenges remain. This review summarizes the current evidence from China on the role of gut microbiota in CRC, mainly including the gut microbiota characteristics, especially and , which have been identified to be enriched in CRC patients; microbial pathogens such as and enterotoxigenic , and , which Chinese scientists have extensively studied; diagnostic biomarkers especially ; therapeutic effects, including microecological agents represented by certain strains, fecal microbiota transplantation, and traditional Chinese medicines such as Berberine and Curcumin. More efforts should be focused on exploring the underlying mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis of CRC and providing novel gut microbiota-related therapeutic and preventive strategies.
Topics: Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Colorectal Neoplasms; Carcinogenesis; China; Biomarkers
PubMed: 37482657
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236364 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... Feb 2019
Review
Topics: Abdominal Abscess; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Clindamycin; Dental Plaque; Early Diagnosis; Ertapenem; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Gram-Positive Cocci; Humans; Male; Opportunistic Infections; Postoperative Complications; Pyelonephritis; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 29631929
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2018.03.002 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023(), a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, exhibits colonization tendencies on oral mucosal and skin surfaces, potentially evolving into a pathogenic entity associated... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
(), a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, exhibits colonization tendencies on oral mucosal and skin surfaces, potentially evolving into a pathogenic entity associated with diverse diseases. The diagnostic trajectory for -related diseases encounters delays, often with severe consequences, including fatality, attributed to the absence of symptom specificity and challenges in culture. The absence of a consensus on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to exacerbates the complexity of addressing associated conditions. This study aims to elucidate and scrutinize the clinical manifestations linked to , drawing insights from an extensive literature review of pertinent case reports.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 53-year-old male sought medical attention at our institution presenting with recurrent hemoptysis. Empirical treatment was initiated while awaiting pathogen culture results; however, the patient's symptoms persisted. Subsequent metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis revealed a pulmonary infection attributable to . Resolution of symptoms occurred following treatment with piperacillin sulbactam sodium and moxifloxacin hydrochloride. A comprehensive literature review, utilizing the PubMed database, was conducted to assess case reports over the last decade where was identified as the causative agent.
CONCLUSION
The literature analysis underscores the predilection of for immunocompromised populations afflicted by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, orthopedic conditions, and tumors. Risk factors, including oral and periodontal hygiene, smoking, and alcohol consumption, were found to be associated with infections. Clinical manifestations encompassed fever, cough, sputum production, and back pain, potentially leading to severe outcomes such as Spondylodiscitis, septic arthritis, lung abscess, bacteremia, sepsis, and mortality. While conventional bacterial culture remains the primary diagnostic tool, emerging technologies like mNGS offer alternative considerations. In terms of treatment modalities, β-lactam antibiotics and nitroimidazoles predominated, exhibiting recovery rates of 56.10% (46/82) and 23.17% (19/82), respectively. This case report and literature review collectively aim to enhance awareness among clinicians and laboratory medicine professionals regarding the intricacies of -associated infections.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Base Composition; Firmicutes; Hemoptysis; Phylogeny; Piperacillin; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 38389952
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1307902 -
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical... Apr 2021is a bacterium normal to oral and gastrointestinal flora that has been implicated in cases of discitis, osteomyelitis, and prosthetic joint infections, often involving...
is a bacterium normal to oral and gastrointestinal flora that has been implicated in cases of discitis, osteomyelitis, and prosthetic joint infections, often involving dental procedures or periodontal disease. It is an extremely rare cause of infection outside of these circumstances. We describe a case of septic arthritis of the native hip joint due to .
PubMed: 34219932
DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2021.1906827