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Current Gene Therapy Jun 2005The human parvovirus Adeno-Associated virus (AAV-2) has been classified as a Dependovirus because it requires the presence of a helper virus to achieve a productive... (Review)
Review
The human parvovirus Adeno-Associated virus (AAV-2) has been classified as a Dependovirus because it requires the presence of a helper virus to achieve a productive replication cycle. Several viruses such as Adenovirus (Ad), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Vaccinia virus, and human papillomaviruses (HPV) can provide the helper activities required for AAV growth. The studies on the helper activities provided by adenovirus have provided useful information not only to understand the AAV-2 biology but also to develop tools for the production of recombinant AAV particles (rAAV). This review will focus on the current knowledge about the helper activities provided by the most extensively studied helper viruses, Ad and HSV-1, and also illustrate the methods used to supply the helper functions rAAV assembly.
Topics: Dependovirus; Genetic Therapy; Helper Viruses; Humans; Parvovirus
PubMed: 15975004
DOI: 10.2174/1566523054064977 -
Advances in Biological Regulation Jan 2014Parvoviruses are serious pathogens but also serve as platforms for gene therapy or for using their lytic activity in experimental cancer treatment. Despite of their... (Review)
Review
Parvoviruses are serious pathogens but also serve as platforms for gene therapy or for using their lytic activity in experimental cancer treatment. Despite of their growing importance during the last decade little is known on how the viral genome is transported into the nucleus of the infected cell, which is crucial for replication. As nucleic acids are not karyophilic per se nuclear import must be driven by proteins attached to the viral genome. In turn, presence and conformation of these proteins depend upon the entry pathway of the virus into the cell. This review focuses on the trafficking of the parvoviral genome from the cellular periphery to nucleus. Despite of the uncertainties in knowledge about the entry pathway we show that parvoviruses developed a unique strategy to pass the nuclear envelope by hijacking enzymes involved in mitosis.
Topics: Animals; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Nuclear Envelope; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 24157125
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2013.09.008 -
Archives of Virology Feb 2024Parvoviruses are responsible for multiple diseases, and there is a critical need for effective antiviral therapies. Specific antiviral treatments for parvovirus... (Review)
Review
Parvoviruses are responsible for multiple diseases, and there is a critical need for effective antiviral therapies. Specific antiviral treatments for parvovirus infections are currently lacking, and the available options are mostly supportive and symptomatic. In recent years, significant research efforts have been directed toward understanding the molecular mechanisms of parvovirus replication and identifying potential targets for antiviral interventions. This review highlights the structure, pathogenesis, and treatment options for major viruses of the subfamily Parvovirinae, such as parvovirus B19 (B19V), canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), and porcine parvovirus (PPV) and also describes different approaches in the development of antiviral alternatives against parvovirus, including drug repurposing, serendipity, and computational tools (molecular docking and artificial intelligence) in drug discovery. These advances greatly increase the likelihood of discoveries that will lead to potent antiviral strategies against different parvovirus infections.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Molecular Docking Simulation; Parvovirus B19, Human; Parvovirus; Parvovirinae; Parvoviridae Infections
PubMed: 38378929
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-05995-8 -
Viruses Oct 2023The XVIII International Parvovirus Workshop took place in Rimini, Italy, from 14 to 17 June 2022 as an on-site event, continuing the series of meetings started in 1985...
The XVIII International Parvovirus Workshop took place in Rimini, Italy, from 14 to 17 June 2022 as an on-site event, continuing the series of meetings started in 1985 and continuously held every two years. The communications dealt with all aspects of research in the field, from evolution and structure to receptors, from replication to trafficking, from virus-host interactions to clinical and veterinarian virology, including translational issues related to viral vectors, gene therapy and oncolytic parvoviruses. The oral communications were complemented by a poster exhibition available for view and discussion during the whole meeting. The XVIII International Parvovirus Workshop was dedicated to the memory of our dearest colleague Mavis Agbandje-McKenna (1963-2021).
Topics: Humans; Parvovirus; Parvoviridae Infections; Genetic Vectors; Italy
PubMed: 37896906
DOI: 10.3390/v15102129 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases May 2006Human Bocavirus was detected in 18 (1.5%) of 1,209 respiratory specimens collected in 2003 and 2004 in Canada. The main symptoms of affected patients were cough (78%),...
Human Bocavirus was detected in 18 (1.5%) of 1,209 respiratory specimens collected in 2003 and 2004 in Canada. The main symptoms of affected patients were cough (78%), fever (67%), and sore throat (44%). Nine patients were hospitalized; of these, 8 (89%) were <5 years of age.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Base Sequence; Child; Child, Preschool; Cough; DNA, Viral; Female; Fever; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Phylogeny; Respiratory Tract Infections; Retrospective Studies; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Saskatchewan
PubMed: 16704852
DOI: 10.3201/eid1205.051424 -
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Sep 2022Outbreaks of short beak dwarf syndrome caused by novel goose parvovirus (NGPV) have been prevalent in China since 2015, resulting in a high mortality rate of ducks....
Outbreaks of short beak dwarf syndrome caused by novel goose parvovirus (NGPV) have been prevalent in China since 2015, resulting in a high mortality rate of ducks. Herein we evaluated differences between two NGPV strains: Muscovy duck-origin (AH190917-RP: MD17) and Cherry Valley duck-origin (JS191021-RP: CVD21) NGPV. Both of them showed certain level of pathogenicity to primary duck embryo fibroblasts, Cherry Valley duck embryos and ducklings. CVD21 showed comparatively stronger pathogenicity than MD17. Only CVD21 caused obvious cytopathic effect (CPE), characterized by cell shedding; further, the virus titer of MD17 and CVD21 was 10 ELD (i.e. median embryo lethal dose)/0.2 ml and 10 ELD /0.2 ml, respectively, and the mortality rate of CVD21- and MD17-infected Cherry Valley ducklings was 100% and 80%, respectively. In addition, CVD21 had a greater influence on the growth and development of ducklings. Furthermore, we found that MD17 could infect Muscovy duck embryos and produce lesions similar to Cherry Valley duck embryos, but it could not infect Muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts (MDEFs,) and Muscovy ducklings. MDV21 had no infection to MDEFs, Muscovy duck embryo and Muscovy ducklings. We then sequenced the complete genome of the two isolates to enable genomic characterization. The complete genome of MD17 and CVD21 was 5046 and 5050 nucleotides in length, respectively. Nucleotide alignment, amino acid analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that MD17 showed higher homology to goose parvovirus (GPV), while CVD21 demonstrated stronger similarity with NGPV. Moreover, the two isolates shared 95.8% homology, with encoded proteins showing multiple amino acid variations. Our findings indicate that Muscovy ducks seem to have played a crucial role in the evolution of GPV to NGPV. We believe that our data should serve as a foundation for further studying the genetic evolution of waterfowl parvoviruses and their pathogenic mechanisms.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Ducks; Nucleotides; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirinae; Parvovirus; Phylogeny; Poultry Diseases
PubMed: 35018730
DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14453 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Jun 2018A novel protoparvovirus species, related genetically to human bufaviruses, was identified in dogs with respiratory signs. The canine bufavirus was distantly related to...
A novel protoparvovirus species, related genetically to human bufaviruses, was identified in dogs with respiratory signs. The canine bufavirus was distantly related to the well-known canine protoparvovirus, canine parvovirus type 2, sharing low amino acid identities in the nonstructural protein 1 (40.6%) and in the capsid protein 1 (33.4%). By screening collections of fecal, nasal, and oropharyngeal samples obtained from juvenile dogs (<1 year of age), canine bufavirus DNA appeared as a common component of canine virome. The virus was common in the stool samples of dogs with or without enteric disease and in the nasal and oropharyngeal swab samples of dogs with respiratory signs. However, the virus was not detected in nasal and oropharyngeal swab samples from animals without clinical signs.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Gene Order; Genes, Viral; Genome, Viral; Genomics; Open Reading Frames; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Phylogeny; Respiratory Tract Infections; Virus Replication
PubMed: 29774829
DOI: 10.3201/eid2406.171965 -
Tierarztliche Praxis Dec 1994Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a "new" virus that suddenly emerged in the mid 1970s. Antigenetically it is very similar to the long known feline panleukopenia virus (FPV).... (Review)
Review
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a "new" virus that suddenly emerged in the mid 1970s. Antigenetically it is very similar to the long known feline panleukopenia virus (FPV). Soon after its appearance CPV was classified as a mutant of FPV. As with all "new" viruses, CPV continues to show active evolution, obvious by the appearance of new antigenic types. Interestingly, the new types, designated CPV-2a and CPV-2b, completely replaced the original type. This review summarizes the facts that are known about the emergence and evolution of CPV and discusses the relevance of the new antigenic types for the diagnosis of CPV and the vaccination against it.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Viral; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Feline Panleukopenia Virus; Immunization, Passive; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus, Canine; Vaccination; Viral Vaccines
PubMed: 7716757
DOI: No ID Found -
Emerging Infectious Diseases May 2006
Topics: Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Male; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Phylogeny; Respiratory Tract Infections; Retrospective Studies; Sequence Homology; Sweden
PubMed: 16710957
DOI: 10.3201/eid1205.051523 -
Annual Review of Microbiology 2005Transfer of viruses between hosts to create a new self-sustaining epidemic is rare; however, those new viruses can cause severe outbreaks. Examples of such viruses... (Review)
Review
Transfer of viruses between hosts to create a new self-sustaining epidemic is rare; however, those new viruses can cause severe outbreaks. Examples of such viruses include three pandemic human influenza A viruses and canine parvovirus in dogs. In each case one virus made the original transfer and spread worldwide, and then further adaptation resulted in the emergence of variants worldwide. For the influenza viruses several changes were required for growth and spread between humans, and the emergence of human H2N2 and H3N2 strains in 1957 and 1968 involved the acquisition of three or two new genomic segments, respectively. Adaptation to humans involved several viral genes including the hemagglutinin, the neuraminidase, and the replication proteins. The canine adaptation of the parvoviruses involved capsid protein changes altering the recognition of the host transferrin receptors, allowing canine transferrin receptor binding and its use as a receptor for cell infection.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Cats; Dogs; Evolution, Molecular; Humans; Influenza A virus; Models, Molecular; Parvovirus, Canine; Phylogeny; Selection, Genetic; Species Specificity
PubMed: 16153179
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.micro.59.030804.121059