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Veterinary Microbiology Jan 2019A novel protoparvovirus species was identified in domestic cats. The virus was distantly related to the well-known feline (feline panleukopenia virus) and canine (canine...
A novel protoparvovirus species was identified in domestic cats. The virus was distantly related to the well-known feline (feline panleukopenia virus) and canine (canine parvovirus type 2) parvoviruses, sharing low nucleotide identities in the capsid protein 2 (less than 43%). The virus was genetically similar (100% at the nucleotide level) to a newly identified canine protoparvovirus, genetically related to human bufaviruses. The feline bufavirus appeared as a common element of the feline virome, especially in juvenile cats, with an overall prevalence of 9.2%. The virus was more common in respiratory samples (9.5%-12.2%) than in enteric samples of cats (2.2%). The role of bufaviruses in the etiology of feline respiratory disease complex, either as a primary or a secondary agents, should be defined.
Topics: Animals; Capsid Proteins; Cat Diseases; Cats; Feline Panleukopenia Virus; Parvoviridae; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus, Canine; Phylogeny; Prevalence; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 30593374
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.12.006 -
Cell Oct 2018Roediger et al. (2018) demonstrate that a kidney disease characterized by apparently spontaneous nephropathy that had been recognized in laboratory mice for many years...
Roediger et al. (2018) demonstrate that a kidney disease characterized by apparently spontaneous nephropathy that had been recognized in laboratory mice for many years is caused by a newly recognized virus named the mouse kidney parvovirus (MKPV). That virus appears to be widespread in mouse colonies as it is not detected by current diagnostic tools, and its recognition presents new opportunities for understanding the pathology of tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
Topics: Animals; Fibrosis; Mice; Nephritis, Interstitial; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus
PubMed: 30290137
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.033 -
Developmental and Comparative Immunology Oct 2023B-cell cloning methods enable the analysis of antibody responses against target antigens and can be used to reveal the host antibody repertoire, antigenic sites...
B-cell cloning methods enable the analysis of antibody responses against target antigens and can be used to reveal the host antibody repertoire, antigenic sites (epitopes), and details of protective immunity against pathogens. Here, we describe improved methods for isolation of canine peripheral blood B cells producing antibodies against canine parvovirus (CPV) capsids by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, followed by cell cloning. We cultured sorted B cells from an immunized dog in vitro and screened for CPV-specific antibody production. Updated canine-specific primer sets were used to amplify and clone the heavy and light chain immunoglobulin sequences directly from the B cells by reverse transcription and PCR. Monoclonal canine IgGs were produced by cloning heavy and light chain sequences into antibody expression vectors, which were screened for CPV binding. Three different canine monoclonal antibodies were analyzed, including two that shared the same heavy chain, and one that had distinct heavy and light chains. The antibodies showed broad binding to CPV variants, and epitopes were mapped to antigenic sites on the capsid. The methods described here are applicable for the isolation of canine B cells and monoclonal antibodies against many antigens.
Topics: Dogs; Animals; Parvovirus; Antibodies, Viral; Parvovirus, Canine; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Epitopes; Cloning, Molecular; Parvoviridae Infections
PubMed: 37467826
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104894 -
Archives of Virology Jan 2018Porcine parvovirus (PPV) are small, non-enveloped and single-stranded DNA viruses, taxonomically classifiable within the family Parvoviridae. Seven PPV genotypes (PPV1...
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) are small, non-enveloped and single-stranded DNA viruses, taxonomically classifiable within the family Parvoviridae. Seven PPV genotypes (PPV1 to PPV7) have been identified to date. PPV7, the most recently discovered PPV genotype, was first reported in US pigs in 2016. To explore PPV7 status in Chinese pig populations a total of 64 serum samples collected from two commercial farms in Guangdong province in 2014 were analyzed. PPV7 DNA was detected in 32.8% (21/64) of tested samples. On the porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) positive farm, the prevalence rate of PPV7 was 65.5% (19/29) which was significantly higher than that on the PCV2 negative farm (2/35, 5.7%), indicating a possible association between PCV2 and PPV7 infections. The sequences of three PPV7 strains were determined. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified PPV7 strains circulating in China shared 98.7%-99.7% nucleotide homology with the US strain. Further sequence comparison analysis indicated that GD-2014-2 and GD-2014-3 possess a consecutive 9-nt deletion in the VP gene. This is the first report of the existence of PPV7 in China and this finding will strengthen understanding of the epidemiology of porcine parvovirus in Chinese pigs.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; China; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus, Porcine; Phylogeny; Swine; Swine Diseases; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 29022179
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3585-9 -
The Veterinary Record Sep 2021There is a lack of national population data concerning infectious disease in companion animals. Here, we piloted the feasibility of linking diagnostic laboratories,...
BACKGROUND
There is a lack of national population data concerning infectious disease in companion animals. Here, we piloted the feasibility of linking diagnostic laboratories, population surveillance and modern sequencing approaches to extract targeted diagnostic samples from laboratories before they were discarded, as a novel route to better understand national epidemiology of major small animal pathogens.
METHODS
Samples tested for canine or feline parvovirus were requested from a national veterinary diagnostic laboratory and analysed by Sanger or next generation sequencing. Samples were linked to electronic health data held in the SAVSNET database.
RESULTS
Sequences obtained from positive samples, together with associated metadata, provided new insights into the recent geographical distribution of parvovirus strains in circulation in the United Kingdom (UK).
CONCLUSIONS
This collaboration with industry represents a 'National Virtual Biobank' that can rapidly be called on, to efficiently add new layers of epidemiological information of relevance to animal, and potentially human, population health.
Topics: Animals; Biological Specimen Banks; Cat Diseases; Cats; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Feline Panleukopenia Virus; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Parvovirus, Canine; Pilot Projects
PubMed: 34101190
DOI: 10.1002/vetr.556 -
Archives of Virology Jul 2022Equine copivirus (EqCoPV) is a newly discovered parvovirus that infects equines. Currently, it is unclear whether this virus is prevalent in China. In the present study,...
Equine copivirus (EqCoPV) is a newly discovered parvovirus that infects equines. Currently, it is unclear whether this virus is prevalent in China. In the present study, serum samples were collected from equines in China and were processed for EqCoPV DNA detection by PCR. The results demonstrated that EqCoPV was circulating among the sampled equines, with a low detection rate of 0.94%. The genome sequence of one Chinese EqCoPV strain, UH26, was determined and used for genetic and phylogenetic analysis. The results demonstrated that UH26 has a close genetic relationship to EqCoPV strains from the USA and South Korea. To our knowledge, this is the first report of EqCoPV in China.
Topics: Animals; China; Genomics; Horses; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Phylogeny
PubMed: 35578040
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05455-1 -
Haematologica Jul 2022
Topics: Humans; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure
PubMed: 35775301
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.281331 -
Avian Diseases Dec 2022Dietary, environmental, and hereditary causes were reported as causative agents of angel wing syndrome in waterfowl. Since 2017, several Muscovy duck flocks at Behira...
Dietary, environmental, and hereditary causes were reported as causative agents of angel wing syndrome in waterfowl. Since 2017, several Muscovy duck flocks at Behira governorate were found to exhibit this syndrome associated with the clinical symptoms of goose parvovirus (GPV) infection. Four strains of goose parvovirus named HS1-HS4 were isolated and identified from diseased ducks at some of these flocks. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of these strains together and within a distinct monophyletic group in relation to GPV strains of Derzsy's disease and short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS). Nucleotide identities with goose parvovirus strain B of Derzsy's disease were 95.7%-96.6%, and with the strain JS1603 of SBDS they were 96.8%-97.4%. However, nucleotide identities with Muscovy duck parvovirus strain FM were 74.1%-74.6%. The disease was reproduced experimentally via oral-route artificial infection with HS1 strain, and both clinical symptoms of goose parvovirus and angel wing syndrome were observed in the artificially infected Muscovy ducks, but with less severity in geese. This study demonstrated clear evidence for induction of angel wing syndrome, at least partially, with GPV infection in Muscovy duck. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first work to mention a viral cause of angel wing syndrome in waterfowl.
Topics: Animals; Parvovirus; Phylogeny; Poultry Diseases; Parvovirinae; Parvoviridae Infections; Ducks; Syndrome; Geese
PubMed: 36715467
DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-00014 -
Voprosy Virusologii 2004We had previously collected and analyzed, by phylogenetic methods, all genetic data available now for the Parvoviridae and Astroviridae families, which made it possible...
We had previously collected and analyzed, by phylogenetic methods, all genetic data available now for the Parvoviridae and Astroviridae families, which made it possible to define the evolutionary relations between the viruses as well as to depict a variety of events in the evolutionary history of the two families. The offered case study is dedicated to investigating the stabilizing and splitting selection types in the evolution of the discussed viral families. We analyzed the number of synonymous and non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions in the coding genomes' regions of the viruses. Finally, the stabilizing selection was shown to be a key factor in the evolution of parvoviruses and astroviruses.
Topics: Animals; Astroviridae; Biological Evolution; Parvovirus
PubMed: 15017846
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Microbiology May 2012Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopaenia virus (FPLV) are two closely related viruses, which are known to cause severe disease in younger unvaccinated animals....
Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopaenia virus (FPLV) are two closely related viruses, which are known to cause severe disease in younger unvaccinated animals. As well as causing disease in their respective hosts, CPV has recently acquired the feline host range, allowing it to infect both cats and dogs. As well as causing disease in dogs, there is evidence that under some circumstances CPV may also cause disease in cats. This study has investigated the prevalence of parvoviruses in the faeces of clinically healthy cats and dogs in two rescue shelters. Canine parvovirus was demonstrated in 32.5% (13/50) of faecal samples in a cross sectional study of 50 cats from a feline only shelter, and 33.9% (61/180) of faecal samples in a longitudinal study of 74 cats at a mixed canine and feline shelter. Virus was isolated in cell cultures of both canine and feline origin from all PCR-positive samples suggesting they contained viable, infectious virus. In contrast to the high CPV prevalence in cats, no FPLV was found, and none of 122 faecal samples from dogs, or 160 samples collected from the kennel environment, tested positive for parvovirus by PCR. Sequence analysis of major capsid VP2 gene from all positive samples, as well as the non-structural gene from 18 randomly selected positive samples, showed that all positive cats were shedding CPV2a or 2b, rather than FPLV. Longitudinally sampling in one shelter showed that all cats appeared to shed the same virus sequence type at each date they were positive (up to six weeks), despite a lack of clinical signs. Fifty percent of the sequences obtained here were shown to be similar to those recently obtained in a study of sick dogs in the UK (Clegg et al., 2011). These results suggest that in some circumstances, clinically normal cats may be able to shed CPV for prolonged periods of time, and raises the possibility that such cats may be important reservoirs for the maintenance of infection in both the cat and the dog population.
Topics: Animals; Capsid Proteins; Carrier State; Cats; Cross-Sectional Studies; DNA, Viral; Dogs; Feces; Feline Panleukopenia Virus; Longitudinal Studies; Parvoviridae Infections; Parvovirus, Canine; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Virus Shedding
PubMed: 22257775
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.024