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Veterinary Microbiology Apr 2018The species [Pasteurella] pneumotropica has been reclassified into the new genus Rodentibacter, within the family Pasteurellaceae. Along with the type species... (Review)
Review
The species [Pasteurella] pneumotropica has been reclassified into the new genus Rodentibacter, within the family Pasteurellaceae. Along with the type species (Rodentibacter pneumotropicus) of the new genus, seven new species have been named. These organisms were formerly mainly known as the [P.] pneumotropica complex and [P.] pneumotropica was considered as the most important Pasteurellaceae species colonizing laboratory rodents. The aim of this review is to update the veterinary relevant aspects of clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, virulence and diagnostics of members of Rodentibacter with a focus on the most important species from a veterinary perspective. The organisms are obligate commensals of the mucous membranes and members of Rodentibacter are not able to persist for long in the environment. Members of Rodentibacter spp. are responsible for the most prevalent bacterial infections in laboratory mice and rats, but are also common in rodents outside laboratory settings. Some Rodentibacter spp. produce mainly localised disease in connection with favouring factors and seldomly act as primary pathogens in healthy immunocompetent animals. The subclinical infection with Rodentibacter spp. can affect the results of certain types of research using contaminated animals thus placing them on a list of microbes which are often not tolerated in experimental rodent facilities. The presences of RTX toxins, YadA-like proteins and a capsule with possible role in the pathogenesis have been described. Some species of Rodentibacter are able to form robust biofilms which might be involved in colonisation and persistence within the host. Current possibilities for diagnostics and differentiation among Rodentibacter spp. are outlined and options for treatment and control are provided.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Biofilms; DNA, Bacterial; Mice; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella pneumotropica; Rats; Rodentia; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Virulence
PubMed: 29615244
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.03.011 -
Nucleic Acids Research Dec 2020CRISPR-Cas defense systems opened up the field of genome editing due to the ease with which effector Cas nucleases can be programmed with guide RNAs to access desirable...
CRISPR-Cas defense systems opened up the field of genome editing due to the ease with which effector Cas nucleases can be programmed with guide RNAs to access desirable genomic sites. Type II-A SpCas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes was the first Cas9 nuclease used for genome editing and it remains the most popular enzyme of its class. Nevertheless, SpCas9 has some drawbacks including a relatively large size and restriction to targets flanked by an 'NGG' PAM sequence. The more compact Type II-C Cas9 orthologs can help to overcome the size limitation of SpCas9. Yet, only a few Type II-C nucleases were fully characterized to date. Here, we characterized two Cas9 II-C orthologs, DfCas9 from Defluviimonas sp.20V17 and PpCas9 from Pasteurella pneumotropica. Both DfCas9 and PpCas9 cleave DNA in vitro and have novel PAM requirements. Unlike DfCas9, the PpCas9 nuclease is active in human cells. This small nuclease requires an 'NNNNRTT' PAM orthogonal to that of SpCas9 and thus potentially can broaden the range of Cas9 applications in biomedicine and biotechnology.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; CRISPR-Associated Protein 9; CRISPR-Cas Systems; Cloning, Molecular; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Escherichia coli; Gene Editing; Gene Expression; Genetic Vectors; Genome, Bacterial; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Pasteurella pneumotropica; RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems; Recombinant Proteins; Rhodobacteraceae; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
PubMed: 33152077
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa998 -
PloS One 2014Pasteurella pneumotropica is an opportunist Gram negative bacterium responsible for rodent pasteurellosis that affects upper respiratory, reproductive and digestive...
Pasteurella pneumotropica is an opportunist Gram negative bacterium responsible for rodent pasteurellosis that affects upper respiratory, reproductive and digestive tracts of mammals. In animal care facilities the presence of P. pneumotropica causes severe to lethal infection in immunodeficient mice, being also a potential source for human contamination. Indeed, occupational exposure is one of the main causes of human infection by P. pneumotropica. The clinical presentation of the disease includes subcutaneous abscesses, respiratory tract colonization and systemic infections. Given the ability of P. pneumotropica to fully disseminate in the organism, it is quite relevant to study the role of the complement system to control the infection as well as the possible evasion mechanisms involved in bacterial survival. Here, we show for the first time that P. pneumotropica is able to survive the bactericidal activity of the human complement system. We observed that host regulatory complement C4BP and Factor H bind to the surface of P. pneumotropica, controlling the activation pathways regulating the formation and maintenance of C3-convertases. These results show that P. pneumotropica has evolved mechanisms to evade the human complement system that may increase the efficiency by which this pathogen is able to gain access to and colonize inner tissues where it may cause severe infections.
Topics: Complement C3-C5 Convertases; Complement C4b-Binding Protein; Complement Factor H; Humans; Pasteurella pneumotropica
PubMed: 25347183
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111194 -
Cureus Dec 2023is a commensal microorganism found in the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts of mammals and birds and it rarely affects humans. Human...
is a commensal microorganism found in the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts of mammals and birds and it rarely affects humans. Human pasteurellosis typically results from infection through bites or scratches from animals, with dogs and cats being the most common sources. However, various vertebrates, such as rats, rabbits, tigers, and lions, can also transmit the infection. We report a case involving a young woman who developed a hand phlegmon on her right forearm following a rare and unusual human bite during a brawl. Her condition improved after both surgical and medical treatment.
PubMed: 38292999
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51408 -
IDCases 2020is an important bacterial pathogen in both animals and humans. Most reported Pasteurella infections in humans involve skin and soft tissues, often after an animal bite,...
is an important bacterial pathogen in both animals and humans. Most reported Pasteurella infections in humans involve skin and soft tissues, often after an animal bite, scratch, or lick to an open wound. We report a case of septic arthritis with in a diabetic and cardiopathic patient who was the victim of a rat bite in the street, with a good evolution after medical and surgical treatment.
PubMed: 33209584
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00989 -
Experimental Animals 2011Pasteurella pneumotropica is an opportunistic pathogen in rodents. Natural infection in immunodeficient animals suggests that immunodeficiency is a major factor in P....
Pasteurella pneumotropica is an opportunistic pathogen in rodents. Natural infection in immunodeficient animals suggests that immunodeficiency is a major factor in P. pneumotropica pathogenesis. To understand this process, we performed clinical, pathological and bacteriological studies of immunodeficient NOD/ShiJic-scid/Jcl and immunocompetent Crlj:CD1 (ICR) mice experimentally infected with P. pneumotropica ATCC 35149. From 14 days postinoculation, some of P. pneumotropica-infected NOD/ShiJic-scid/Jcl mice developed clinical signs of weight loss. Three of 10 P. pneumotropica-infected NOD/ShiJic-scid/Jcl mice developed clinical signs of depression, ruffled coat, and weight loss and died at 27, 34, and 59 days postinoculation. At 35 days postinoculation, almost all P. pneumotropica-infected NOD/ShiJic-scid/Jcl mice had lung abscesses. The bacteria were isolated from the upper and lower respiratory tracts, including the lungs, and blood. In contrast, P. pneumotropica-infected ICR mice exhibited no clinical signs or lesions. The bacteria were isolated from the upper, but not the lower respiratory tracts. We developed an animal model for understanding host interactions with P. pneumotropica.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Immunocompetence; Immunocompromised Host; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella pneumotropica; Respiratory System; Virulence
PubMed: 22041283
DOI: 10.1538/expanim.60.463 -
International Journal of Cardiology Nov 2012
Review
Topics: Adult; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella pneumotropica; Tricuspid Valve; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 22521380
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.04.007 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Jun 1973The literature concerning Pasteurella pneumotropica infection in animals and man is briefly reviewed and a case presented in which the organism was the cause of...
The literature concerning Pasteurella pneumotropica infection in animals and man is briefly reviewed and a case presented in which the organism was the cause of septicaemia in a patient receiving chemotherapy for myeloid leukaemia. Bacteriological findings are recorded and compared with those of other authors.
Topics: Ampicillin; Cephaloridine; Chloramphenicol; Culture Media; Cytarabine; Daunorubicin; Erythromycin; Gentamicins; Humans; Kanamycin; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Pasteurella Infections; Polymyxins; Sepsis; Tetracycline
PubMed: 4352465
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.26.6.396 -
Laboratory Animals Dec 2017The aim of this study was to document the pathogenic role of biovar Heyl of [ Pasteurella] pneumotropica in mouse colonies. Fifty-three isolates associated with mastitis...
The aim of this study was to document the pathogenic role of biovar Heyl of [ Pasteurella] pneumotropica in mouse colonies. Fifty-three isolates associated with mastitis and orbital, cutaneous and vaginal abscesses as well as isolates from the nose and vagina of healthy mice were investigated. According to phenotypic characteristics and rpoB sequencing, the isolates were identified as [ P.] pneumotropica biovar Heyl. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed five closely related profiles separated by only one to four fragments. The outbreak strains diverged from epidemiologically unrelated strains with the same rpoB sequence type, as shown by the PFGE profiles. The investigation documented that members of biovar Heyl of [ P.] pneumotropica caused disease outbreaks in mouse colonies since the clonality indicated a primary role of [ P.] pneumotropica biovar Heyl in the infections observed.
Topics: Animals; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pasteurella Infections; Pasteurella pneumotropica; Rodent Diseases; Rodentia
PubMed: 28358244
DOI: 10.1177/0023677217698503 -
Experimental Animals Jul 2002Enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone bactericidal antibiotic, was administered in an attempt to eradicate Pasteurella pneumotropica (P. pneumotropica) from a contaminated...
Enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone bactericidal antibiotic, was administered in an attempt to eradicate Pasteurella pneumotropica (P. pneumotropica) from a contaminated mouse colony. Contaminated mice, maintained within 4 animal rooms, were administered Enrofloxacin in drinking water at a daily dosage of 25.5 mg/kg for 2 weeks. Following one week of Enrofloxacin treatment, mice were selected randomly from each room and examined for P. pneumotropica. This procedure was repeated two or three times until all mice examined tested negative for the Pasteurella strain. With the exception of one room, treated mice consistently tested negative for P. pneumotropica for up to 45 weeks following completion of Enrofloxacin treatment. Thus, oral administration of Enrofloxacin significantly eliminated P. pneumotropica from a contaminated mouse colony.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Animals, Laboratory; Anti-Infective Agents; Enrofloxacin; Fluoroquinolones; Mice; Pasteurella; Quinolones; Random Allocation
PubMed: 12221935
DOI: 10.1538/expanim.51.401