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Laboratory Animals Jun 2018Pasteurellosis is a well-recognized disease with similar pathology in all laboratory rodent species. Pasteurella pneumotropica is the most frequently mentioned member of...
Pasteurellosis is a well-recognized disease with similar pathology in all laboratory rodent species. Pasteurella pneumotropica is the most frequently mentioned member of the Pasteurellaceae isolated from mice and rats. Numerous other Pasteurellaceae taxa have been obtained from mice, rats, and other rodent species. Recently, rodent Pasteurellaceae have been submitted to comprehensive genetic and phenotypic (polyphasic) taxonomic studies. As a result they are now classed within six validly published new genera, namely Cricetibacter, Mesocricetibacter, Mannheimia, Muribacter, Necropsobacter, and Rodentibacter. All previously used names such as P. pneumotropica have become obsolete. The new classification forms a firm basis for the correct phenotypic identification of Pasteurellaceae from laboratory animals and for the selection of strains for pathogenicity studies. Consequences of taxonomic changes notably involve molecular methods used for the detection of Pasteurellaceae infection in laboratory animal colonies. Testing may be done using primer sets that detect all Pasteurellaceae taxa or sets developed to detect host-specific members of the family.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Rats; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 29385897
DOI: 10.1177/0023677218754597 -
Journal of Wildlife Diseases Jul 2011We compared phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of 88 Pasteurellaceae isolates from bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in the course of exploring epizootiologic...
We compared phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of 88 Pasteurellaceae isolates from bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) in the course of exploring epizootiologic relationships. Based on our observations, adopting contemporary taxonomic conventions and using molecular methods to detect and compare Pasteurellaceae may help improve understanding of bighorn respiratory disease epizootiology and management.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Colorado; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Genotype; Male; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Sheep, Bighorn
PubMed: 21719858
DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.800 -
Journal of the American Association For... Mar 2019The precise identification of rodent Pasteurellaceae is known to be highly challenging. An unknown strain of Pasteurellaceae appeared and rapidly spread throughout our...
The precise identification of rodent Pasteurellaceae is known to be highly challenging. An unknown strain of Pasteurellaceae appeared and rapidly spread throughout our animal facilities. Standard microbiology, combined with biochemical analysis, suggested that the bacteria strain was or . We submitted samples of the unknown bacteria and known isolates of , , and , to 2 service laboratories that provide animal health monitoring. Results of microbiology tests performed by both laboratories, species-specific PCR analysis performed by one laboratory, and independent 16S rRNA gene sequencing yielded identical identification of the unknown bacteria as Pasteurellaceae ( spp.) and not or . In contrast, the similarly intended PCR assay performed by the other laboratory identified the bacteria as . Careful evaluation of all of the results led us to conclude that the correct identification of the bacteria is Pasteurellaceae. From our experience, we recommend that a combination of several methods should be used to achieve correct identification of rodent Pasteurellaceae. Specifically, we advise that all primer sets used should be disclosed when reporting PCR test results, including in health reports provided by service laboratories and animal vendors. Careful, correct, and informative health monitoring reports are most beneficial to animal researchers and caretakers who might encounter the presence and effects of rodent Pasteurellaceae.
Topics: Animals; DNA, Bacterial; Laboratory Animal Science; Pasteurellaceae; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rodentia; Species Specificity
PubMed: 30651159
DOI: 10.30802/AALAS-JAALAS-18-000049 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2019We investigated three bovine respiratory pathobionts in healthy cattle using qPCR optimised and validated to quantify Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica and...
We investigated three bovine respiratory pathobionts in healthy cattle using qPCR optimised and validated to quantify Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida over a wide dynamic range. A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the carriage and density of these bacteria in the nasal passages of healthy beef calves (N = 60) housed over winter in an experimental farm setting. The three pathobiont species exhibited remarkably different carriage rates and density profiles. At housing, high carriage rates were observed for P. multocida (95%), and H. somni (75%), while fewer calves were positive for M. haemolytica (13%). Carriage rates for all three bacterial species declined over the 75-day study, but not all individuals became colonised despite sharing of environment and airspace. Colonisation patterns ranged from continuous to intermittent and were different among pathobiont species. Interval-censored exponential survival models estimated the median duration of H. somni and P. multocida carriage at 14.8 (CI: 10.6-20.9) and 55.5 (CI: 43.3-71.3) days respectively, and found higher density P. multocida carriage was associated with slower clearance (p = 0.036). This work offers insights into the dynamics of pathobiont carriage and provides a potential platform for further data collection and modelling studies.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Load; Carrier State; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; DNA, Bacterial; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mannheimia haemolytica; Nasal Cavity; Pasteurella multocida; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 31420565
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48007-5 -
American Journal of Veterinary Research Jul 2012To elucidate the species and biovariants of Pasteurellaceae isolated from clinically normal bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) or bighorn sheep with evidence of respiratory...
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the species and biovariants of Pasteurellaceae isolated from clinically normal bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) or bighorn sheep with evidence of respiratory disease.
SAMPLE
675 Pasteurellaceae isolates from 290 free-ranging bighorn sheep in Idaho, Oregon and Wyoming.
PROCEDURES
Nasal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were inoculated onto selective and nonselective blood agar media. Representatives of each colony type were classified via a biovariant scheme. The association of respective β-hemolytic isolates with respiratory disease was evaluated via χ(2) analyses.
RESULTS
Bacterial isolates belonged to 4 species: Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Bibersteinia (Pasteurella) trehalosi. Within the latter 3 species, 112 subspecies, biotypes, and biovariants were identified. Bibersteinia trehalosi 2 and B trehalosi 2B constituted 345 of 675 (51%) isolates. Most (597/618 [97%]) isolates from adult sheep were from clinically normal animals, whereas most (47/57 [82%]) isolates from lambs were from animals with evidence of respiratory disease. Twenty-two Pasteurellaceae biovariants were isolated from sheep with respiratory disease; 17 of these biovariants were also isolated from clinically normal sheep. The ability of isolates to cause β-hemolysis on blood agar was associated with respiratory disease in adult bighorn sheep (OR, 2.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.10 to 6.07).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Bighorn lambs appeared more susceptible to respiratory disease caused by Pasteurellaceae than did adult sheep. β-Hemolytic Pasteurellaceae isolates were more likely to be associated with respiratory disease than were non-β-hemolytic isolates in adult sheep. Identification of Pasteurellaceae with the greatest pathogenic potential will require studies to estimate the risk of disease from specific biovariants.
Topics: Animals; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Idaho; Male; Oregon; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Sheep, Bighorn; Wyoming
PubMed: 22738054
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.7.1024 -
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research... Apr 1990Historically, members of the family Pasteurellaceae were classified on the basis of a limited number of phenotypic characteristics. In particular, organisms were... (Review)
Review
Historically, members of the family Pasteurellaceae were classified on the basis of a limited number of phenotypic characteristics. In particular, organisms were assigned to the family on the basis of their requirements for the growth factors hemin and/or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and on the basis of their ability to cause disease in vertebrates. More recent genotypic studies have shown that many members of the family Pasteurellaceae have been misclassified. In this paper we review some of the current taxonomic methods which can be used to emend the classification of Haemophilus, Actinobacillus and Pasteurella spp. and suggest some approaches and criteria for restructuring the family Pasteurellaceae.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Genotype; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Pasteurellaceae; Phenotype; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal; Restriction Mapping
PubMed: 1694467
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Jan 1990A 2-year study was conducted to determine the incidence of Pasteurellaceae in abortion samples submitted for diagnostic evaluation. A total of 687 cases, including 623... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A 2-year study was conducted to determine the incidence of Pasteurellaceae in abortion samples submitted for diagnostic evaluation. A total of 687 cases, including 623 with fetal tissues and/or stomach contents and 302 with placenta and/or uterine discharge, were evaluated. Pasteurellaceae were isolated on a nonselective medium from 9 (1.5%), 14 (2.8%), 13 (12.1%), and 42 (17.4%) of the fetal tissues, stomach contents, uterine discharges, and placentas, respectively. A total of 35 (19.9%) of 176 placental samples cultured on both a selective medium for Pasteurellaceae and a nonselective medium were positive for Pasteurellaceae. Fifteen (42.9%) of these isolates were detected only on the selective medium, whereas 5 (14.2%) were detected only on the nonselective medium and 15 (42.9%) grew on both media. Placentitis of different severity was evident in 13 (68.4%) of the 19 placentas from which Pasteurellaceae were isolated in the absence of other known abortifacient agents.
Topics: Abortion, Veterinary; Animals; Bacterial Infections; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Culture Media; Female; Fetus; Gastrointestinal Contents; Pasteurellaceae; Placenta; Pregnancy; Uterus
PubMed: 2090269
DOI: 10.1177/104063879000200111 -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Mar 2016Threatened by Devil Facial Tumor Disease, the Tasmanian devil populations are vulnerable and decreasing. Additionally, the devils' biting behaviour elevates their risk...
Pasteurellaceae bacteria from the oral cavity of Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus Harrisii) show high minimum inhibitory concentration values towards aminoglycosides and clindamycin.
UNLABELLED
Threatened by Devil Facial Tumor Disease, the Tasmanian devil populations are vulnerable and decreasing. Additionally, the devils' biting behaviour elevates their risk of acquiring bite wound infections caused by members of the bacterial Pasteurellaceae family that are natural inhabitants of the oral microbiota. In medical management of such bite wounds, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are crucial. Prior to this investigation, no available data on minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values existed. A total of 26 isolates obtained from the oral cavity of 26 healthy Tasmanian devils were tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by broth micro dilution. Most prominently, high MIC values for clindamycin (≥4 μg ml(-1) ), gentamicin (≥8 μg ml(-1) ) and amikacin (≥32 μg ml(-1) ), were observed for 92, 77 and 73% of the strains tested respectively. This study may be used as a guideline for antimicrobial therapy against bite wound infections caused by Pasteurellaceae originating from the oral cavity of Tasmanian devils.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
Tasmanian devils' aggressive behaviour makes bite wounds in fellow devils and human caretakers a common entity. Pasteurellaceae bacteria are common inhabitants of the oral microbiota of Tasmanian devils and a likely cause of bite wound infections. Here, for the first time, we report antimicrobial sensitivity profiles from a broad collection of Pasteurellaceae isolates obtained from the oral cavity of Tasmanian devils. Low MIC values were observed for the majority of the 22 antimicrobial agents included, yet nearly all strains were tolerant to clindamycin and the aminoglycosides. The work can serve as a guide for clinicians involved in treatment of bite wounds inflicted by devils in animals and humans.
Topics: Aminoglycosides; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bites and Stings; Clindamycin; Facial Neoplasms; Humans; Marsupialia; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mouth; Pasteurellaceae; Wound Infection
PubMed: 26744057
DOI: 10.1111/lam.12545 -
Current Topics in Microbiology and... 2016Histophilus somni was proposed in 2003 as a common name for bacteria that earlier had been called "Haemophilus somni", "Haemophilus agni", "Haemophilus somnifer", and... (Review)
Review
Histophilus somni was proposed in 2003 as a common name for bacteria that earlier had been called "Haemophilus somni", "Haemophilus agni", "Haemophilus somnifer", and "Histophilus ovis". The species is clearly separated from other species and genera within the family Pasteurellaceae. The species is phenotypically variable, but highly uniform regarding the 16S rDNA sequence. Whole-genome sequencing has revealed distinct genetic differences between a commensal and a pathogenic strain, particularly in regard to putative virulence factors. However, broad generalizations regarding the genetics of H. somni cannot be applied to the entire species until the genomes of additional strains are sequenced.
Topics: Pasteurellaceae; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 26847356
DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_5007 -
Avian Diseases Mar 2017Sixty-two strains of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria were isolated from the tracheas of 87 clinically healthy psittacine birds in two Danish zoos. The isolates were...
Sixty-two strains of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria were isolated from the tracheas of 87 clinically healthy psittacine birds in two Danish zoos. The isolates were identified by a combination of rpoB and 16S rRNA gene sequencing and by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight. Twenty-eight strains belonged to the genus Volucribacter or were related to this genus and to the unnamed taxon 34 of Bisgaard, and 28 strains were related to the unnamed taxon 44 of Bisgaard. Four strains were identified as Pasteurella multocida , two isolates were classified with the related taxon 45 of Bisgaard, and a single isolate was classified as Pasteurella sp. The investigation documented an unrecognized reservoir of rarely reported and unclassified or unnamed species of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria in psittacine birds. The results were in accordance with a recent report on isolation of Pasteurellaceae from diseased psittacine birds, and the investigation documented that the same taxa of Pasteurellaceae-like bacteria can be isolated from apparently healthy birds as well as from diseased birds.
Topics: Animals; Bird Diseases; DNA, Bacterial; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Phylogeny; Prevalence; Psittaciformes
PubMed: 28301245
DOI: 10.1637/11522-103016-Reg