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Journal of Bacteriology Oct 2006The draft genome sequence of Mannheimia haemolytica A1, the causative agent of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), is presented. Strain ATCC BAA-410, isolated...
The draft genome sequence of Mannheimia haemolytica A1, the causative agent of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), is presented. Strain ATCC BAA-410, isolated from the lung of a calf with BRDC, was the DNA source. The annotated genome includes 2,839 coding sequences, 1,966 of which were assigned a function and 436 of which are unique to M. haemolytica. Through genome annotation many features of interest were identified, including bacteriophages and genes related to virulence, natural competence, and transcriptional regulation. In addition to previously described virulence factors, M. haemolytica encodes adhesins, including the filamentous hemagglutinin FhaB and two trimeric autotransporter adhesins. Two dual-function immunoglobulin-protease/adhesins are also present, as is a third immunoglobulin protease. Genes related to iron acquisition and drug resistance were identified and are likely important for survival in the host and virulence. Analysis of the genome indicates that M. haemolytica is naturally competent, as genes for natural competence and DNA uptake signal sequences (USS) are present. Comparison of competence loci and USS in other species in the family Pasteurellaceae indicates that M. haemolytica, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, and Haemophilus ducreyi form a lineage distinct from other Pasteurellaceae. This observation was supported by a phylogenetic analysis using sequences of predicted housekeeping genes.
Topics: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Adhesins, Bacterial; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Haemophilus ducreyi; Mannheimia haemolytica; Phylogeny; Prophages; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Transcription, Genetic; Transformation, Bacterial; Virulence
PubMed: 17015664
DOI: 10.1128/JB.00675-06 -
Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et... Jun 1986The taxonomic relationship of 23 unclassified canine and feline strains of Pasteurellaceae and five strains received as Pasteurella spp. or Haemophilus influenzae-murium...
Characterization of some previously unclassified "Pasteurella" spp. obtained from the oral cavity of dogs and cats and description of a new species tentatively classified with the family Pasteurellaceae Pohl 1981 and provisionally called taxon 16.
The taxonomic relationship of 23 unclassified canine and feline strains of Pasteurellaceae and five strains received as Pasteurella spp. or Haemophilus influenzae-murium was investigated by phenotypic and genetic characterization. Eleven strains were classified with four recently described species of genus Pasteurella sensu stricto. Fourteen canine and feline strains formed a homogeneous group, tentatively designated taxon 16. Both phenotypic characters and mol% G + C in DNA and genome size indicate classification of taxon 16 with genus Pasteurella. DNA/DNA hybridizations, however, failed to locate taxon 16 on genus level with accepted or proposed species of the family Pasteurellaceae Pohl 1981. Two additional species obtained from rats and mice remained unclassified, in addition to a human isolate obtained from a dog-bite. The necessity of detailed phenotypic characterization within the family Pasteurellaceae Pohl 1981 needs to be stressed.
Topics: Animals; Base Composition; Cats; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Genes, Bacterial; Haemophilus influenzae; Humans; Mice; Mouth; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Pasteurella; Phenotype; Rats
PubMed: 3488640
DOI: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1986.tb03039.x -
Zentralblatt Fur Bakteriologie :... Jun 1993
Topics: Pasteurellaceae
PubMed: 8103688
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2004Phylogenies of housekeeping gene and 16S rRNA gene sequences were compared to improve the classification of the bacterial family Pasteurellaceae and knowledge of the... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Phylogenies of housekeeping gene and 16S rRNA gene sequences were compared to improve the classification of the bacterial family Pasteurellaceae and knowledge of the evolutionary relationships of its members. Deduced partial protein sequences of the housekeeping genes atpD, infB and rpoB were compared in 28, 36 and 28 representative taxa of the Pasteurellaceae, respectively. The monophyly of representatives of the genus Gallibacterium was recognized by analysis of all housekeeping genes, while members of Mannheimia, Actinobacillus sensu stricto and the core group of Pasteurella sensu stricto formed monophyletic groups with two out of three housekeeping genes. Representatives of Mannheimia, Actinobacillus sensu stricto, [Haemophilus] ducreyi and [Pasteurella] trehalosi formed a monophyletic unit by analysis of all three housekeeping genes, which was in contrast to the 16S rRNA gene-derived phylogeny, where these taxa occurred at separate positions in the phylogenetic tree. Representatives of the Rodent, Avian and Aphrophilus-Haemophilus 16S rRNA gene groups were weakly supported by phylogenetic analysis of housekeeping genes. Phylogenies derived by comparison of the housekeeping genes diverged significantly from the 16S rRNA gene-derived phylogeny as evaluated by the likelihood ratio test. A low degree of congruence was also observed between the individual housekeeping gene-derived phylogenies. Estimates on speciation derived from 16S rRNA and housekeeping gene sequence comparisons resulted in quite different evolutionary scenarios for members of the Pasteurellaceae. The phylogeny based on the housekeeping genes supported observed host associations between Mannheimia, Actinobacillus sensu stricto and [Pasteurella] trehalosi and animals with paired hooves.
Topics: Actinobacillus; Bacterial Proteins; Biological Evolution; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Genes, Bacterial; Genes, rRNA; Haemophilus; Mannheimia; Molecular Sequence Data; Pasteurella; Pasteurellaceae; Phylogeny; Prokaryotic Initiation Factor-2; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 15388716
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.03018-0 -
Veterinary Microbiology Aug 2001Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent Pasteurellaceae other than Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis are frequently isolated from the...
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent Pasteurellaceae other than Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus parasuis are frequently isolated from the respiratory tract of pigs. The taxonomic classification and relevance for pathogenicity of these bacteria deserves further attention. In the present study, 107 of these NAD-dependent isolates from the porcine respiratory tract, primarily from lungs with pathological changes, were investigated. On the basis of phenotypic criteria, such as haemolysis, urease, catalase, and indole formation as well as other fermentative activities, 50 of the isolates were assigned to Actinobacillus minor, 36 isolates to Actinobacillus porcinus and 21 isolates to Actinobacillus indolicus. However, many isolates among the three species showed fermentative activities differing from those of the respective type strain of the species. Serotyping on the basis of heat-stable polysaccharide antigens and 16 rDNA sequencing also revealed substantial heterogeneity within each of the three species although they clustered together in three distinct groups in the phylogenetic analysis. These three groups of NAD-dependent bacteria are different from, or in a borderline position, to the existing species or genera within the family Pasteurellaceae. A considerable number of isolates of these three groups were isolated in pure cultures from pneumonic lungs. Consequently, it will be necessary to critically review the opinion, that these NAD-dependent Pasteurellaceae are only "agents colonizing the mucosa". Further, taxonomic examinations of the strains within these three groups are indispensable to testing isolates for their virulence in gnotobiotic pigs.
Topics: Animals; DNA, Ribosomal; Lung; NAD; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Phenotype; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Respiratory Tract Infections; Serotyping; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 11390108
DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(01)00351-0 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2023Avibacterium paragallinarum is the pathogen involved in infectious coryza (IC), an acute infectious upper respiratory disease in chickens. The prevalence of IC has...
Avibacterium paragallinarum is the pathogen involved in infectious coryza (IC), an acute infectious upper respiratory disease in chickens. The prevalence of IC has increased in China in recent years. There is a lack of reliable and effective procedures for gene manipulation, which has limited the research on the bacterial genetics and pathogenesis of A. paragallinarum. Natural transformation has been developed as a method of gene manipulation in by the introduction of foreign genes or DNA fragments into bacterial cells, but there has been no report on natural transformation in . In this study, we analyzed the existence of homologous genetic factors and competence proteins underlying natural transformation in and established a method for transformation in it. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified 16 homologs of Haemophilus influenzae competence proteins in . We found that the uptake signal sequence (USS) was overrepresented in the genome of (1,537 to 1,641 copies of the core sequence ACCGCACTT). We then constructed a plasmid, pEA-KU, that carries the USS and a plasmid, pEA-K, without the USS. These plasmids can be transferred via natural transformation into naturally competent strains of . Significantly, the plasmid that carries USS showed a higher transformation efficiency. In summary, our results demonstrate that has the ability to undergo natural transformation. These findings should prove to be a valuable tool for gene manipulation in . Natural transformation is an important mechanism for bacteria to acquire exogenous DNA molecules during the process of evolution. Additionally, it can also be used as a method to introduce foreign genes into bacteria under laboratory conditions. Natural transformation does not require equipment such as an electroporation apparatus. It is easy to perform and is similar to gene transfer under natural conditions. However, there have been no reports on natural transformation in Avibacterium paragallinarum. In this study, we analyzed the presence of homologous genetic factors and competence proteins underlying natural transformation in . Our results indicate that natural competence could be induced in serovars A, B, and C. Furthermore, the method that we established to transform plasmids into naturally competent strains was stable and efficient.
Topics: Animals; Haemophilus Infections; Poultry Diseases; Chickens; Pasteurellaceae; Haemophilus paragallinarum
PubMed: 37212663
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05209-22 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2019is a low-abundance Gram-negative oral pathobiont that is highly associated with a silent but aggressive orphan disease that results in periodontitis and tooth loss in... (Review)
Review
is a low-abundance Gram-negative oral pathobiont that is highly associated with a silent but aggressive orphan disease that results in periodontitis and tooth loss in adolescents of African heritage. For the most part conducts its business by utilizing strategies allowing it to conceal itself below the radar of the host mucosal immune defense system. A great deal of misinformation has been conveyed with respect to biology in health and disease. The purpose of this review is to present misconceptions about and the strategies that it uses to colonize, survive, and evade the host. In the process manages to undermine host mucosal defenses and contribute to disease initiation. This review will present clinical observational, molecular, and interventional studies that illustrate genetic, phenotypic, and biogeographical tactics that have been recently clarified and demonstrate how survives and suppresses host mucosal defenses to take part in disease pathogenesis. At one point in time was considered to be the causative agent of Localized Aggressive Periodontitis. Currently, it is most accurate to look at as a community activist and necessary partner of a pathogenic consortium that suppresses the initial host response so as to encourage overgrowth of its partners. The data for activist role stems from molecular genetic studies complemented by experimental animal investigations that demonstrate how establishes a habitat (housing), nutritional sustenance in that habitat (food), and biogeographical mobilization and/or relocation from its initial habitat (transportation). In this manner can transfer to a protected but vulnerable domain (pocket or sulcus) where its community activism is most useful. 's "strategy" includes obtaining housing, food, and transportation at no cost to its partners challenging the economic theory that "there ain't no such thing as a free lunch." This "strategy" illustrates how co-evolution can promote survival, on one hand, and overgrowth of community members, on the other, which can result in local host dysbiosis and susceptibility to infection.
Topics: Adolescent; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Aggressive Periodontitis; Animals; Biofilms; Genes, Bacterial; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Immunity, Mucosal; Models, Immunological; Pasteurellaceae Infections
PubMed: 31040843
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00728 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology 2003Characterization and classification of members of Pasteurellaceae isolated from birds by extended phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA gene sequence comparison. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
AIMS
Characterization and classification of members of Pasteurellaceae isolated from birds by extended phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA gene sequence comparison.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A total of 95 avian isolates were subjected to extended phenotypic characterization. Thirteen bacterial strains selected from main phenotypic clusters and isolated from parrot, parakeet, budgerigar, partridge, pheasant, chicken, duck, hawk and gull were subsequently characterized by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Eight of the sequenced strains were classified with six taxa of Bisgaard of which two (34 and 40) have not been published before, and the properties of four others (14, 22, 26 and 32) changed upon the characterization of these new isolates. Of the remaining strains, one was identified as a phenotypic variant in maltose and dextrin of Pasteurella gallinarum another as a trehalose positive variant of taxon 3 of Bisgaard. The remaining three strains sequenced were not closely related to existing taxa of Pasteurellaceae. However, they were found to belong to the Avian cluster with 92-97% 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity.
CONCLUSION
The study allowed the classification of bacteria isolated from birds by the integrated use of extended phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Only the application of 16S rDNA gene sequencing allows a correct identification of variant strains.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The description of new taxa within the bacterial family Pasteurellaceae will subsequently allow additional isolates of these taxa to be identified and improve the diagnosis and epidemiological understanding of bacteria causing disease in birds.
Topics: Animals; Birds; DNA, Bacterial; Pasteurellaceae; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 12859769
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.01986.x -
Molecular Ecology Sep 2021Most species in the bacterial family of Pasteurellaceae colonize one specific host species. Vertebrates of very different evolutionary descent including fish, turtles,...
Most species in the bacterial family of Pasteurellaceae colonize one specific host species. Vertebrates of very different evolutionary descent including fish, turtles, marsupials, eutherians and birds are colonized by different members of Pasteurellaceae. This one-to-one microbial-host species partnership makes Pasteurellaceae species valuable candidates to study biodiversity, bacterial-host co-evolution and host adaptation, and their widespread distribution across vertebrates provide the possibility to collect a wide array of data, where wildlife species are essential. However, obtaining samples from wild animals comes with logistic, technical and ethical challenges, and previous microbiota studies have led to the presumption that captive animals are poor models for microbial studies in wildlife. Here, we show that colonization of polar bears by Ursidibacter maritimus is unaffected by factors related to captivity, reflecting a deep symbiotic bond to the host. We argue that the study of ecological and evolutionary principles in captive wildlife is possible for host-adapted taxa such as those in the Pasteurellaceae family. Moreover, studying captive, often trained animals protects wild populations from the stress associated with obtaining samples.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Birds; Pasteurellaceae; Ursidae
PubMed: 34250662
DOI: 10.1111/mec.16075 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jan 2010Gram-negative, coccoid, non-motile bacteria that are catalase-, urease- and indole-negative, facultatively anaerobic and oxidase-positive were isolated from the bovine...
Gram-negative, coccoid, non-motile bacteria that are catalase-, urease- and indole-negative, facultatively anaerobic and oxidase-positive were isolated from the bovine rumen using an improved selective medium for members of the Pasteurellaceae. All strains produced significant amounts of succinic acid under anaerobic conditions with glucose as substrate. Phenotypic characterization and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using 16S rRNA, rpoB, infB and recN genes were performed on seven independent isolates. All four genes showed high sequence similarity to their counterparts in the genome sequence of the patent strain MBEL55E, but less than 95 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to any other species of the Pasteurellaceae. Genetically these strains form a very homogeneous group in individual as well as combined phylogenetic trees, clearly separated from other genera of the family from which they can also be separated based on phenotypic markers. Genome relatedness as deduced from the recN gene showed high interspecies similarities, but again low similarity to any of the established genera of the family. No toxicity towards bovine, human or fish cells was observed and no RTX toxin genes were detected in members of the new taxon. Based on phylogenetic clustering in the MLSA analysis, the low genetic similarity to other genera and the phenotypic distinction, we suggest to classify these bovine rumen isolates as Basfia succiniciproducens gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is JF4016(T) (=DSM 22022(T) =CCUG 57335(T)).
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Cattle; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Pasteurellaceae; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rumen
PubMed: 19648315
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.011809-0