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Stimulation of wound healing using bioinspired hydrogels with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).International Journal of Nanomedicine 2018The objective of this study is to stimulate wound healing using bioinspired hydrogels with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this study is to stimulate wound healing using bioinspired hydrogels with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Inspired by the crosslinking mechanism in algae-based adhesives, hydrogels were fabricated with gum arabic, pectin, and Ca. The physical properties of the bioinspired hydrogels were characterized, and the in vitro release of bFGF was investigated. Then, the in vitro scratch assay for wound healing and in vivo wound healing experiment in a full-thickness excision wound model were performed for the bioinspired hydrogels with bFGF. Finally, histological examinations and organ toxicity tests were conducted to investigate the wound healing applications of the bioinspired hydrogels with bFGF.
RESULTS
The in vitro and in vivo results showed that the bioinspired hydrogels with bFGF could significantly enhance cell proliferation, wound re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and contraction without any noticeable toxicity and inflammation compared with the hydrogels without bFGF and commercial wound healing products.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest the potential application of bioinspired hydrogels with bFGF for wound healing.
Topics: Adhesives; Animals; Biomimetic Materials; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dermis; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Fibroblasts; Hydrogels; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Wound Healing
PubMed: 30013343
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S168998 -
Theranostics 2021Anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapy for several cancers. However, it only benefits a small subset of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients....
Anti-PD-1-based immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapy for several cancers. However, it only benefits a small subset of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Mounting data supports the pivotal role of gut microbiota in shaping immune system. Pectin, a widely consumed soluble fiber, has been reported to ameliorate the imbalance of gut microbiota. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect and the underlying mechanisms of pectin in improving anti-PD-1 mAb efficacy. The C57BL/6 mice were treated with a broad-spectrum antibiotic (ATB) cocktail to depleted endogenous gut microbiota and subsequently humanized with feces from healthy controls or newly diagnosed CRC patients. The antitumor efficacies of anti-PD-1 mAb combined with or without pectin were assessed using these mice. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted to investigate the tumor immune microenvironment after treatment. The gut microbiota profiles and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels were determined by 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. The effect of gut microbiota on anti-PD-1 mAb efficacy after pectin supplement was further tested by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The anti-PD-1 mAb efficacy was largely impaired in the mice humanized with feces from newly diagnosed CRC patients compared to those from healthy controls. However, pectin significantly enhanced the anti-PD-1 mAb efficacy in the tumor-bearing mice humanized with CRC patient gut microbiota. Flow cytometry and IHC analysis revealed increased T cell infiltration and activation in the tumor microenvironment of mice treated with anti-PD-1 mAb plus pectin. In vivo depletion of CD8 T cells diminished the anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-1 mAb combined with pectin. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that pectin significantly increased gut microbial diversity and beneficially regulated microbial composition. In addition, we identified unique bacterial modules that were significantly enriched in the anti-PD-1 mAb + pectin group, which composed of butyrate-producing bacteria indicative of good response to immunotherapy. Meanwhile, GC-MS showed that pectin altered the level of SCFA butyrate. Furthermore, butyrate, a main product of dietary fiber in gut microbial fermentation, was found to be sufficient to promote T cells infiltration and thus enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 mAb. In addition, FMT demonstrated the effects of pectin were dependent on gut microbiota. Importantly, the beneficial effects of pectin were confirmed in the mice humanized with gut microbiota from patient with resistance to anti-PD-1 mAb. Pectin facilitated the anti-PD-1 mAb efficacy in CRC via regulating the T cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, which was potentially mediated by the metabolite butyrate.
Topics: Aged; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Bacteria; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Cell Line, Tumor; Colorectal Neoplasms; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pectins; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 33754054
DOI: 10.7150/thno.54476 -
Food & Function Dec 2010An assay was developed to study inflammation-related immune responses of food compounds on monocytes and macrophages derived from THP-1 cell line. First strategy focused...
An assay was developed to study inflammation-related immune responses of food compounds on monocytes and macrophages derived from THP-1 cell line. First strategy focused on the effects after stimulation with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Concanavalin A (ConA). Gene expression kinetics of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α), inflammation-related enzymes (iNOS and COX-2), and transcription factors (NF-κB, AP-1 and SP-1) were analyzed using RT-PCR. Time dependent cytokine secretion was investigated to study the inflammation-related responses at protein level. LPS stimulation induced inflammation-related cytokine, COX-2 and NF-κB genes of THP-1 monocytes and THP-1 macrophages with the maximum up-regulation at 3 and 6 h, respectively. These time points, were subsequently selected to investigate inflammation modulating activity of three well known immuno-modulating food-derived compounds; quercetin, citrus pectin and barley glucan. Co-stimulation of LPS with either quercetin, citrus pectin, or barley glucan in THP-1 monocytes and macrophages showed different immuno-modulatory activity of these compounds. Therefore, we propose that simultaneously exposing THP-1 cells to LPS and food compounds, combined with gene expression response analysis are a promising in vitro screening tool to select, in a limited time frame, food compounds for inflammation modulating effects.
Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Citrus; Concanavalin A; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cytokines; Gene Expression Profiling; Glucans; Hordeum; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mitogens; Monocytes; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Pectins; Quercetin; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 21776474
DOI: 10.1039/c0fo00113a -
Helicobacter Jun 2023Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy is an effective regimen for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. No head-to-head comparison trials have been conducted to... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Colloidal bismuth pectin-containing quadruple therapy as the first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy is an effective regimen for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. No head-to-head comparison trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of colloidal bismuth pectin (CBP) in quadruple therapy for eradicating H. pylori. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of CBP quadruple therapy and bismuth potassium citrate (BPC) quadruple therapy for 14 days in the first-line treatment of H. pylori.
METHODS
In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority clinical trial, H. pylori-infected subjects without eradication history were randomized to receive amoxicillin 1 g twice daily, tetracycline 500 mg three time daily, esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily in combination with CBP 200 mg three time daily or BPC 240 mg twice daily for 14 days. C-urea breath tests were used to access the eradication rate at least 4 weeks after treatment.
RESULTS
Between April 2021 and July 2022, 406 patients were assessed for eligibility and 339 subjects were randomized. The cure rates (primary outcome) of CBP and BPC quadruple therapy were 90.5% and 92.3% (p = 0.56) by intention-to-treat analysis, respectively, and 96.1% and 96.2% (p = 1.00) by per-protocol analysis, respectively. CBP quadruple therapy was non-inferior to BPC quadruple therapy in the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis (p < 0.025). The frequency of adverse events and compliance were not different among the two groups (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Both CBP and BPC quadruple therapy for 14 days provide high efficacy, good compliance, and safety in the first-line treatment of H. pylori in China.
Topics: Humans; Helicobacter Infections; Bismuth; Helicobacter pylori; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Proton Pump Inhibitors; Drug Therapy, Combination; Amoxicillin; Pectins; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37002653
DOI: 10.1111/hel.12978 -
Carbohydrate Polymers Jul 2021Herein, dual-bioresponsive of Rhein (RH) in promoting colonic mucous damage repair and controlling inflammatory reactions were combined by the dual-targeting (intestinal...
Herein, dual-bioresponsive of Rhein (RH) in promoting colonic mucous damage repair and controlling inflammatory reactions were combined by the dual-targeting (intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages) oral nano delivery strategy for effective therapy of ulcerative colitis (UC). Briefly, two carbohydrates, calcium pectinate (CP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were used to modify lactoferrin (LF) nanoparticles (NPs) to encapsulate RH (CP/HA/RH-NPs). CP layer make CP/HA/RH-NPs more stable and protect against the destructive effects of the gastrointestinal environment and then release HA/RH-NPs to colon lesion site. Cellular uptake evaluation confirmed that NPs could specifically target and enhance the uptake rate via LF and HA ligands. in vivo experiments revealed that CP/HA/RH-NPs significantly alleviated inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and accelerated colonic healing. Importantly, with the help of CP, this study was the first to attempt for LF as a targeting nanomaterial in UC treatment and offers a promising food-based nanodrug in anti-UC.
Topics: Animals; Anthraquinones; Biological Transport; Cell Line; Colitis, Ulcerative; Cytokines; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Epithelial Cells; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Hyaluronic Acid; Lactoferrin; Macrophages; Mice; NF-kappa B; Nanoparticles; Pectins; Receptors, Cell Surface; Tight Junction Proteins; Tissue Distribution; Toll-Like Receptor 4
PubMed: 33858583
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117998 -
South African Medical Journal =... May 1977The thrust of this contribution is contained in an analysis of the refined sealing devices which supplement the co-operative interactions between the anorectum and its...
The thrust of this contribution is contained in an analysis of the refined sealing devices which supplement the co-operative interactions between the anorectum and its surroundings. They include an active smooth-muscle complex which, with elastic tissue, is closely related to vascular anal cushions. These, when distended, plug the anal lumen and complete continence. Additional objectives are: (i) to draw attention to new concepts on the nature of haemorrhoids; (ii) to add illustrations to support the idea of tripartite sealing plugs in the form of anal "cushions"; (iii) to note discrepancies in the literature on the exact siting of the pectinate/dentate line in the anal canal which have a bearing on the theory of the anal cushion; (iv) to give reasons why the musculus submucosae ani should not be termed Treitz's muscle; (v) to review some morphological, pressure, motility and electromyographic sutdies of the neuromusculature of the anorectal region in normal subjects and in patients with haemorrhoids; and (vi) to add explanations and suggestions to fit the concept of the anal cushion into a broader framework of use to the surgeon.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anal Canal; Electromyography; Female; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Mucosa; Muscle, Smooth; Pressure; Rectum
PubMed: 877808
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of the American Osteopathic... Nov 1946
Topics: Humans; Rectum
PubMed: 21002337
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Feb 1977Stephens and Smith have recently described a urethroanal connection through which urine was passed preferentially into the otherwise normal rectum at the pectinate line....
Stephens and Smith have recently described a urethroanal connection through which urine was passed preferentially into the otherwise normal rectum at the pectinate line. Other authors have reported similar deformities. The term "congenital 'H-type' anourethral fistula" was proposed for this rare anomaly by deVries and Friedland in 1974. In this communication, we describe two examples of the "H-type" urethroanal fistula (Fig. 1). Each patient also had tracheoesophageal fistula. One patient (R.P.), now 11 yr of age, has had successful correction of the anomaly. The other patient (T.McC.), a small premature baby whose uroanal deformity was investigated radiographically, died of sepsis and uremia. The anatomical relationships in this baby were investigated histologically in the autopsy specimen by means of serial sections. From this study, it has been possible to determine the sphincteric anatomy and to suggest a possible pathoembryology of the defect.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Rectal Fistula; Tracheoesophageal Fistula; Urethral Diseases; Urinary Fistula
PubMed: 833718
DOI: 10.1016/0022-3468(77)90302-5 -
AAPS PharmSciTech 2008The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using pectinate micro/nanoparticles as gene delivery systems. Pectinate micro/nanoparticles were produced by...
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using pectinate micro/nanoparticles as gene delivery systems. Pectinate micro/nanoparticles were produced by ionotropic gelation. Various factors were studied for their effects on the preparation of pectinate micro/nanoparticles: the pH of the pectin solution, the ratio of pectin to the cation, the concentration of pectin and the cation, and the type of cation (calcium ions, magnesium ions and manganese ions). After the preparation, the size and charge of the pectin micro/nanoparticles and their DNA incorporation efficiency were evaluated. The results showed that the particle sizes decreased with the decreased concentrations of pectin and cation. The type of cations affected the particle size. Sizes of calcium pectinate particles were larger than those of magnesium pectinate and manganese pectinate particles. The DNA loading efficiency showed that Ca-pectinate nanoparticles could entrap DNA up to 0.05 mg when the weight ratio of pectin:CaCl(2):DNA was 0.2:1:0.05. However, Mg-pectinate could entrap only 0.01 mg DNA when the weight ratio of pectin:MgCl(2):DNA was 1:100:0.01 The transfection efficiency of both Ca-pectinate and Mg-pectinate nanoparticles yielded relatively low levels of green fluorescent protein expression and low cytotoxicity in Huh7 cells. Given the negligible cytotoxic effects, these pectinate micro/nanoparticles can be considered as potential candidates for use as safe gene delivery carriers.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Crystallization; DNA; Drug Carriers; Drug Compounding; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Gene Targeting; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Microspheres; Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Pectins; Transfection
PubMed: 18446463
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-007-9007-7