-
Pediatric Clinics of North America Aug 1995An estimated 1 million children worldwide have AIDS. Pediatricians should be aware of this disease and its many facets. This article provides information on the etiology... (Review)
Review
An estimated 1 million children worldwide have AIDS. Pediatricians should be aware of this disease and its many facets. This article provides information on the etiology and pathogenesis of AIDS in children, as well as its manifestations on the body. Prevention and clinical management are also reviewed.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant
PubMed: 7610023
DOI: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)40025-8 -
Current Problems in Pediatrics Jul 1986
Review
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Child; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy; Deltaretrovirus; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fetal Diseases; Growth Disorders; HIV Antibodies; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunization; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infections; Legislation, Medical; Lung Diseases; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; New Jersey; New York; Pregnancy; Risk; Salivary Gland Diseases; Schools; Thrombocytopenia; Vaccines, Attenuated; gamma-Globulins
PubMed: 2426038
DOI: 10.1016/0045-9380(86)90018-6 -
Seminars in Roentgenology Jan 1987
Review
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Infant; Lung; Lung Diseases; Male; Opportunistic Infections; Radiography
PubMed: 3547680
DOI: 10.1016/0037-198x(87)90023-x -
Immunology Series 1989
Review
Topics: AIDS-Related Complex; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Child; Humans; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 2489110
DOI: No ID Found -
Antibiotics and Chemotherapy 1987
Review
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; New Jersey
PubMed: 3310864
DOI: 10.1159/000414220 -
Dermatologic Clinics Oct 2006In 2005 there were 2.1 million children under the age of 15 years living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. As in the adult pandemic, attendant skin disease is prevalent in... (Review)
Review
In 2005 there were 2.1 million children under the age of 15 years living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. As in the adult pandemic, attendant skin disease is prevalent in children. This article provides an update of pediatric HIV/AIDS and its cutaneous manifestations from four main aspects: epidemiology, skin disease as an indicator of immune status, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, and the impact of antiretroviral agents on skin disease.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Child; HIV Infections; Humans; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 17010781
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2006.06.009 -
Current Opinion in Pediatrics Feb 1996Patients with immunodeficiency disorders, including children infected with HIV type 1, are at increased risk to develop a malignancy. Although the exact incidence is not... (Review)
Review
Patients with immunodeficiency disorders, including children infected with HIV type 1, are at increased risk to develop a malignancy. Although the exact incidence is not clear, an excess of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, soft tissue tumors, and, in the case of adolescent girls, cervical carcinomas, has been reported in HIV-infected children. Kaposi's sarcoma is rare in children as compared with HIV-infected adults. To understand the pathogenesis of these disorders, one must take into account the multiple interactions between the immunodeficient host, the cytokine dysregulations, and the concurrent infection with many, potentially oncogenic, viruses. Treatment is often complicated by multiple HIV-associated organ dysfunctions as well as drug interactions and infectious complications secondary to severe immmunosuppression. Nonetheless, preliminary results with dose-intensive short-duration chemotherapeutic regimens have been encouraging, and HIV-infected children who develop cancer are likely to benefit from antineoplastic therapy and supportive care.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adolescent; Child; Female; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Neoplasms; Sarcoma, Kaposi; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 8680514
DOI: 10.1097/00008480-199602000-00010 -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Feb 1990
Review
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; United States; Zidovudine
PubMed: 2405070
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/161.2.316 -
Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology 1992The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has involved the pediatric age group and is especially prevalent in babies born of mothers who are intravenous drug abusers... (Review)
Review
The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has involved the pediatric age group and is especially prevalent in babies born of mothers who are intravenous drug abusers or prostitutes. Approximately 30% of children born to mothers who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) will develop HIV infection. There are several important differences in children and adults with AIDS. The incubation period of the disease is shorter, and initial clinical manifestations occur earlier in children. In addition, certain infections are more common in children, and the different types of malignancy, especially Kaposi's sarcoma, are unusual in the pediatric age group. The altered immune system involves both T cells and humoral immunity and increases susceptibility to a variety of infections, particularly opportunistic organisms. In this publication the complications of pediatric AIDS involving the lungs, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, and neurological system are described. The most common pulmonary complications in our experience are Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and pulmonary lymphoid hyperplasia. The spectrum of cardiovascular involvement in pediatric AIDS includes myocarditis, pericarditis, and infectious endocarditis. Gastrointestinal tract involvement is usually due to opportunistic organisms that produce esophagitis, gastritis, and colitis. Abdominal lymphadenopathy is a common finding either due to disseminating Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection or nonspecific lymphadenopathy. Although cholangitis is more commonly seen in adults, it may occur in children with AIDS and, in most cases, is due to related opportunistic infections. Genitourinary infections may be the first evidence of HIV disease. Cystitis, pyelonephritis, renal abscesses, and nephropathy with renal insufficiency are complications of pediatric AIDS. A variety of neurological abnormalities may occur in pediatric AIDS. The most common cause of neurological dysfunction in children with AIDS is HIV neuropathy. We present the many complications of AIDS in children demonstrated by a variety of imaging modalities, emphasizing the importance of diagnostic imaging in children with this disease.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Female Urogenital Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Infant; Lung Diseases; Male; Male Urogenital Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Radiography
PubMed: 1576831
DOI: 10.1016/0363-0188(92)90038-h -
Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) Dec 1990By the mid 1990s the number of newly diagnosed children with HIV infections in the US may rival the 6,500 children diagnosed with cancer each year. But recent... (Review)
Review
By the mid 1990s the number of newly diagnosed children with HIV infections in the US may rival the 6,500 children diagnosed with cancer each year. But recent developments in therapy for the child with AIDS offer some hope. A pediatric trial at the NCI used a continuous infusion of azidothymidine in order to achieve the desired blood and cerebrospinal fluid levels. Objective and subjective evidence of response to therapy was noted in all patients who presented with neurodevelopmental deficit. Increases in appetite and weight gain and reductions in lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, and increases in CD4 count similar to those observed in adults were apparent. Promising preliminary results have also been seen in trials of dideoxycytidine, dideoxyinosine, and recombinant CD4.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Medical Oncology; Neoplasms
PubMed: 2149035
DOI: No ID Found