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Pediatrics in Review Jul 2023Every child should have a baseline hematology evaluation with hemoglobin and hematocrit levels starting at age 12 months, or younger if clinically indicated. Although... (Review)
Review
Every child should have a baseline hematology evaluation with hemoglobin and hematocrit levels starting at age 12 months, or younger if clinically indicated. Although history and physical examination provide key information needed to diagnose blood disorders, the addition of a complete blood count (CBC) with differential count and reticulocyte count allows the clinician to narrow the differential diagnosis and tailor the subsequent evaluation. The interpretation of CBC results is a skill that requires practice. Every clinician can learn to identify possible diagnoses before consulting a specialist. This review provides a step-by-step approach for CBC interpretation with tools to help the clinician diagnose and interpret the most common blood disorders seen in the general pediatric clinic or inpatient setting.
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Pediatricians; Diagnosis, Differential; Physical Examination; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 37391639
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2021-005273 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Feb 2023Children suffer disproportionately from disease and disability due to environmental hazards, for reasons rooted in their biology. The contribution is substantial and... (Review)
Review
Children suffer disproportionately from disease and disability due to environmental hazards, for reasons rooted in their biology. The contribution is substantial and increasingly recognized, particularly due to ever-increasing awareness of endocrine disruption. Regulatory actions can be traced directly to reductions in toxic exposures, with tangible benefits to society. Deep flaws remain in the policy framework in industrialized countries, failing to offer sufficient protection, but are even more limited in industrializing nations where the majority of chemical production and use will occur by 2030. Evidence-based steps for reducing chemical exposures associated with adverse health outcomes exist and should be incorporated into anticipatory guidance.
Topics: Child; Humans; Developed Countries; Pediatricians
PubMed: 36402464
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2022.09.003 -
Pediatric Annals Jan 2020Platelets are an essential component of the hemostatic pathway; therefore, it is important to identify and diagnose patients with low platelet counts. This can be... (Review)
Review
Platelets are an essential component of the hemostatic pathway; therefore, it is important to identify and diagnose patients with low platelet counts. This can be challenging, however, because thrombocytopenia can be relatively common and the differential diagnosis can be broad. Furthermore, because platelets can be affected both in form and function in a variety of medical conditions, platelet abnormalities can be the principal driver in some disorders but only a consequence in others. Critical factors in identifying the etiology of the thrombocytopenia include the severity and acuity of the patient's initial presentation along with the history, physical examination, and laboratory findings, all of which can provide important clues. The accurate diagnosis of thrombocytopenia is crucial for determining the appropriate management. This review highlights the key diagnostic considerations and recommended treatment when isolated thrombocytopenia is encountered in clinical practice. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(1):e27-e35.].
Topics: Anemia; Blood Platelets; Hemostasis; Humans; Pediatricians; Platelet Count; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 31930420
DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20191212-02 -
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition May 2021
Topics: Humans; Pediatricians
PubMed: 33235320
DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00816-y -
Andes Pediatrica : Revista Chilena de... Jun 2021
Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Interprofessional Relations; Pediatricians; Physician's Role; Professionalism; Social Media
PubMed: 34479238
DOI: 10.32641/andespediatr.v92i3.3632 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Jun 2023Owing to the lack of trained professionals in amputee care, the pediatrician is often required to assist in the care of children with limb deficiencies. An overview of... (Review)
Review
Owing to the lack of trained professionals in amputee care, the pediatrician is often required to assist in the care of children with limb deficiencies. An overview of the causes and epidemiology of limb deficiency is provided, as well as an evaluation and diagnostic workup. Important considerations for surgical interventions are discussed and an introduction to prosthetic prescribing and care of the amputee is described. Common overuse syndromes and mental health issues are also reviewed. Finally, resources for funding of prosthetic devices, as well as support and education for clinicians and families are provided.
Topics: Child; Humans; Amputation, Surgical; Artificial Limbs; Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Pediatricians
PubMed: 37121641
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2023.01.011 -
JAMA Pediatrics Oct 2022
Topics: Humans; Pediatricians
PubMed: 35969386
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2022.2868 -
Pediatric Annals Jan 2020Anemia may be defined as a reduction in red blood cell mass or blood hemoglobin concentration. Physiologically, this represents a hemoglobin level that is too low to... (Review)
Review
Anemia may be defined as a reduction in red blood cell mass or blood hemoglobin concentration. Physiologically, this represents a hemoglobin level that is too low to meet cellular oxygen demands. Practically, the lower limit of normal is set at 2 standard deviations below the mean based on age, gender, and ethnicity/race. Anemia can lead to impaired growth, development, and poor neurocognitive outcome. As such, it is essential for pediatricians to recognize and conduct appropriate testing for a child with anemia. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(1):e10-e16.].
Topics: Anemia; Child; Humans; Pediatricians
PubMed: 31930418
DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20191212-01 -
Pediatric Annals Oct 2019
Topics: Grandparents; Humans; Pediatricians; Role
PubMed: 31609993
DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20190924-01 -
Indian Pediatrics Aug 2021Exome sequencing is gaining popularity as a genomic test for the diagnosis of Mendelian disorders in children. It is essential for pediatricians to familiarize... (Review)
Review
Exome sequencing is gaining popularity as a genomic test for the diagnosis of Mendelian disorders in children. It is essential for pediatricians to familiarize themselves with this technique and its interpretation. This brief review discusses some of the key components of a clinical or research report on exome sequencing for a practicing pediatrician, so as to enable them to utilize this test well and provide timely referrals to a clinical geneticist.
Topics: Child; Exome; Humans; Pediatricians; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 33634792
DOI: No ID Found