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BMC Medical Imaging Apr 2016Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor (PHAT) is a rare soft tissue tumor of low malignant potential, which most often arises in the lower extremities. Lesions...
BACKGROUND
Pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor (PHAT) is a rare soft tissue tumor of low malignant potential, which most often arises in the lower extremities. Lesions occurred in other anatomic locations have been rarely reported. Moreover, their imaging features have not been well discussed. Here we report a case of PHAT arising primarily in the pelvic retroperitoneum. To our knowledge, this is the first radiological description for retroperitoneum PHAT.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 26-year-old female was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a pelvic mass incidentally noted in routine pre-pregnancy ultrasonography examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an irregular mass with clear boundary in the pelvic retroperitoneum. Its signal intensity or density was inhomogeneous. On MRI images, it mainly showed isointense and slight hypointense on T1 weighted image and isointense and hyperintense on T2 weighted image. On contrast-enhanced images, it showed marked but heterogenous enhancement. With the delay time increasing, the enhanced area in the lesion increased but the CT value decreased. Dilated vessels and hemorrhage were detected in the tumor. With patience and careful separation, it was completely excised with great amount of bleeding during operation. Pathological and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed the diagnosis of PHAT of the soft parts. We found no evidence of recurrence 18 months after operation.
CONCLUSION
We present an extremely rare case of PHAT arising primarily in the pelvic retroperitoneum. To our knowledge, this is the first radiological description for retroperitoneum PHAT. The provided information is useful for summarizing the characteristics of this kind of tumor. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of a well-defined, inhomogenously enhanced hypervascular soft-tissue mass in pelvic cavity.
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pelvis; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27044420
DOI: 10.1186/s12880-016-0130-3 -
Journal of Biomechanics Mar 2017Transient changes in direction during ambulation are typically performed using a step (outside) or spin (inside) turning strategy, often identified through subjective...
Transient changes in direction during ambulation are typically performed using a step (outside) or spin (inside) turning strategy, often identified through subjective and time-consuming visual rating. Here, we present a computational, marker-based classification method utilizing pelvic center of mass (pCOM) trajectory and time-distance parameters to quantitatively identify turning strategy. Relative to visual evaluation by three independent raters, sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of the pCOM-based classification method were evaluated for 90-degree turns performed by 3 separate populations (5 uninjured controls, 5 persons with transtibial amputation, and 5 persons with transfemoral amputation); each completed turns using two distinct cueing paradigms (i.e., laser-guided "freeform" and verbally-guided "forced" turns). Secondarily, we compared the pCOM-based turn classification method to adapted versions of two existing computational turn classifiers which utilize trunk and shank angular velocities (AV). Among 366 (of 486 total) turns with unanimous intra- and inter-rater agreement, the pCOM-based classification algorithm was 94.5% accurate, with 96.6% sensitivity (accuracy of spin turn classification), and 93.5% specificity (accuracy of step turn classification). The pCOM-based algorithm (vs. both AV-based methods) was more accurate (94.5% vs. 81.1-80.6%; P<0.001) overall, as well as specifically in freeform (92.9 vs. 80.4-76.8%; P<0.003) and forced (96.0 vs. 83.8-81.8%; P<0.001) cueing, and among individuals with (92.4 vs. 80.2-78.8%; P<0.001) and without (99.1 vs. 86.2-80.8%; P<0.001) amputation. The pCOM-based algorithm provides an efficient and objective method to accurately classify 90-degree turning strategies using optical motion capture in a laboratory setting, and may be extended to various cueing paradigms and/or populations with altered gait.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Amputation, Surgical; Biomechanical Phenomena; Female; Foot; Humans; Male; Pelvis; Sensitivity and Specificity; Torso; Walking; Young Adult
PubMed: 28238423
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.01.023 -
Gynecologie, Obstetrique, Fertilite &... Mar 2018Diagnostic performance of MR imaging for the diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis are good. Even if some differences of performances exists according the location... (Review)
Review
Diagnostic performance of MR imaging for the diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis are good. Even if some differences of performances exists according the location considered, the risk of misdiagnosis is lower than 10% for trained teams (NP2). The performance of pelvic MR imaging and surgery are quite similar to diagnose endometrioma (sensitivity and specificity>90%). A negative pelvic MR imaging allows to exclude deep pelvic endometriosis with a performance similar to surgery but a positive MR imaging is less accurate than surgery because of a high number of false positives (23%). Pelvic MR imaging is more sensitive and less specific than ultrasonography for the diagnosis of uterosacral ligament, vagina or recto vaginal septum (NP2). Pelvic ultrasonography is more sensitive than pelvic MR imaging for the diagnosis of colorectal location (NP3). Pelvic MR imaging is a reproducible technique for the diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis (NP3). Regarding, quality criteria of pelvic MR imaging, no data are enough to recommend a specific MR unit, digestive preparation, or a specific moment during the menstrual cycle to realize the examination. Vaginal and/or rectal opacification are options. Most of studies are based a protocol including 3D T2W and 3DT1W sequences. Gadolinium injection is useful to characterize a complex adnexal mass. In clinical routine, slices crossing the kidneys are useful to evaluate the presence of pyelo calic distension. ColoCT is an accurate technique to diagnose pelvic digestive endometriosis (rectosigmoide and iléocaecal) (NP3).
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Endometriosis; Female; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Pelvis; Rectum
PubMed: 29540333
DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.02.023 -
Journal of Special Operations Medicine... 2021Uncontrolled hemorrhage secondary to unstable pelvic fractures is a preventable cause of prehospital death in the military and civilian sectors. Because the mortality...
Uncontrolled hemorrhage secondary to unstable pelvic fractures is a preventable cause of prehospital death in the military and civilian sectors. Because the mortality rate associated with unstable pelvic ring injuries exceeds 50%, the use of external compression devices for associated hemorrhage control is paramount. During mass casualty incidents and in austere settings, the need for multiple external compression devices may arise. In assessing the efficacy of these devices, the magnitude of applied force has been offered as a surrogate measure of pubic symphysis diastasis reduction and subsequent hemostasis. This study offers a sensor-circuit assessment of applied force for a convenience sample of pelvic compression devices. The SAM® (structural aluminum malleable) Pelvic Sling II (SAM Medical) and improvised compression devices, including a SAM Splint tightened by a Combat Application Tourniquet® (C-A-T; North American Rescue) and a SAM® Splint tightened by a cravat, as well as two joined cravats and a standard-issue military belt, were assessed in male and female subjects. As hypothesized, compressive forces applied to the pelvis did not vary significantly based on device operator, subject sex, and subject body fat percentage. The use of the military belt as an improvised method to obtain pelvic stabilization is not advised.
Topics: Female; Fractures, Bone; Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Pelvic Bones; Pelvis; Tourniquets
PubMed: 33721306
DOI: 10.55460/KRKS-8I7S -
Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine Mar 2016Previous forceplate studies analyzing the impact of sagittal-plane spinal deformity on pelvic parameters have demonstrated the compensatory mechanisms of pelvis...
OBJECT
Previous forceplate studies analyzing the impact of sagittal-plane spinal deformity on pelvic parameters have demonstrated the compensatory mechanisms of pelvis translation in addition to rotation. However, the mechanisms recruited for this pelvic rotation were not assessed. This study aims to analyze the relationship between spinopelvic and lower-extremity parameters and clarify the role of pelvic translation.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study of patients with spinal deformity and full-body EOS images. Patients with only stenosis or low-back pain were excluded. Patients were grouped according to T-1 spinopelvic inclination (T1SPi): sagittal forward (forward, > 0.5°), neutral (-6.3° to 0.5°), or backward (< -6.3°). Pelvic translation was quantified by pelvic shift (sagittal offset between the posterosuperior corner of the sacrum and anterior cortex of the distal tibia), hip extension was measured using the sacrofemoral angle (SFA; the angle formed by the middle of the sacral endplate and the bicoxofemoral axis and the line between the bicoxofemoral axis and the femoral axis), and chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare the parameters and correlation with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
RESULTS
In total, 336 patients (71% female; mean age 57 years; mean body mass index 27 kg/m(2)) had mean T1SPi values of -8.8°, -3.5°, and 5.9° in the backward, neutral, and forward groups, respectively. There were significant differences in the lower-extremity and spinopelvic parameters between T1SPi groups. The backward group had a normal lumbar lordosis (LL), negative SVA and pelvic shift, and the largest hip extension. Forward patients had a small LL and an increased SVA, with a large pelvic shift creating compensatory knee flexion. Significant correlations existed between lower-limb parameter and pelvic shift, pelvic tilt, T-1 pelvic angle, T1SPi, and sagittal vertical axis (0.3 < r < 0.8; p < 0.001). ODI was significantly correlated with knee flexion and pelvic shift.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to describe full-body alignment in a large population of patients with spinal pathologies. Furthermore, patients categorized based on T1SPi were found to have significant differences in the pelvic shift and lower-limb compensatory mechanisms. Correlations between lower-limb angles, pelvic shift, and ODI were identified. These differences in compensatory mechanisms should be considered when evaluating and planning surgical intervention for adult patients with spinal deformity.
Topics: Female; Humans; Lower Extremity; Male; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Posture; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Retrospective Studies; Rotation; Spinal Curvatures; Whole Body Imaging
PubMed: 26565764
DOI: 10.3171/2015.5.SPINE14989 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Mar 2015A 51-year-old previously healthy male underwent a routine medical examination. Computed tomography and ultrasonography showed an oval-shaped mass that was about 50 × 40... (Review)
Review
A 51-year-old previously healthy male underwent a routine medical examination. Computed tomography and ultrasonography showed an oval-shaped mass that was about 50 × 40 mm in size in the left iliac fossa. Prior to surgery, the lesion was suspected to be a teratoma with core calcification or stromal tumor derived from the rectosigmoid colon. During the procedure, a yellow-white, egg-shaped mass was discovered that was completely free from the pelvic cavity in front of the rectum. The giant, peritoneal loose body was taken out through the enlarged port site. Histological examination showed that the mass consisted of well-circumscribed, unencapsulated, paucicellular tissue, with an obviously hyalinized fibrosclerotic center. A giant peritoneal body is extremely rare. We report such a case and review previously published literature.
Topics: Calcinosis; Humans; Laparoscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Pelvis; Peritoneal Diseases; Prognosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25888737
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0539-0 -
The Australian & New Zealand Journal of... Feb 1994
Topics: Adult; Castleman Disease; Female; Humans; Laparotomy; Pelvis
PubMed: 8053866
DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828x.1994.tb01058.x -
BMC Urology Jun 2023To determine the effectiveness of pelvis diameters in determining postoperative outcomes in men who underwent open radical cystectomy + urinary diversion, it is...
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effectiveness of pelvis diameters in determining postoperative outcomes in men who underwent open radical cystectomy + urinary diversion, it is aimed to predict the factors that may affect the operative difficulty and possible surgical outcomes before the operation.
METHODS
A total of 79 radical cystectomy patients operated in our institution with preoperative computed tomography (CT) were included the study. Pelvic dimensions; symphysis angle (SA), upper conjugate, lower conjugate, pelvic depth, apical depth (AD), interspinous distance (ISD), bone femoral width and soft tissue width were measured by preoperative CT. ISD index were defined as ISD/AD. Postoperative outcomes and indicators of operative difficulty were recorded. Regression analyses were used to predict perioperative and postoperative outcomes.
RESULTS
Total of 96 complications were observed in 52 of the 79 patients in ninety days (65,8%) with a mean age of 68.25 years. There were significant correlations between SA and body mass index (BMI) with operative time (p = 0.006, p < 0.001; respectively). For estimated blood loss, there were significant correlations between preoperative hematocrit (p = 0,031). Analysis of multivariate logistic regression revealed that higher Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and BMI were found to be significant predictors for major complications while CCI, pathological T stage and ISD index are prominent predictors for surgical margin positivity.
CONCLUSIONS
Pelvic dimensions are not significant with minor or major complications. However, operative time may be associated with SA. Also, narrow and deep pelvis may increase the risk of positive surgical margins.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Cystectomy; Urinary Bladder; Pelvis; Urinary Diversion; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37286956
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01277-8 -
Journal of Biomechanics Nov 2012Pelvic drop as a result of hip abductor weakness has been hypothesized as a potential modifier of frontal plane knee joint kinetics during gait in individuals with...
Pelvic drop as a result of hip abductor weakness has been hypothesized as a potential modifier of frontal plane knee joint kinetics during gait in individuals with pathology such as knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, hip muscle strengthening interventions have failed to find significant reductions in frontal plane loading measures such as the external knee adduction moment (KAM) with altered hip strength. Since this could in part be due to a lack of change in pelvic kinematics between conditions or test sessions or due to alterations in lateral trunk lean angle, the relationship between pelvic drop and subsequent changes in centre of mass with knee joint loading remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a consciously altered frontal plane centre of mass position (pelvic drop and trunk lean to the contralateral side) on the KAM during single limb standing. Twenty healthy individuals performed a series of single limb standing trials, where they were asked to balance on their dominant leg. KAM was assessed during single limb stance in two conditions: with pelvis and trunk maintained in a level position, and with contralateral pelvic drop. A third condition involving contralateral pelvic drop and trunk lean was assessed to examine exaggerated changes in centre of mass. The KAM increased significantly with contralateral pelvic drop (p=0.001) and with combined contralateral pelvic drop and trunk lean (p<0.001) compared to the level pelvis trials. These findings suggest that pelvic drop alone can significantly increase KAM magnitude, a risk factor for the progression of knee OA. Assessment of pelvic obliquity prior to treatment may allow those with marked pelvic drop to be targeted for hip muscle strengthening.
Topics: Adult; Biomechanical Phenomena; Humans; Knee; Leg; Male; Pelvis; Posture; Torso; Young Adult
PubMed: 22999376
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.08.041 -
The Journal of International Medical... Jun 2020Primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNETs) are rare malignant small round cell tumours. Notably, despite widespread reports of PNET in multiple parts of the body, it is... (Review)
Review
Primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNETs) are rare malignant small round cell tumours. Notably, despite widespread reports of PNET in multiple parts of the body, it is extremely rare in the pelvis. Here, a rare case of giant PNET of the pelvis, that was treated with surgical intervention comprising hemipelvectomy and amputation, is reported. A 42-year-old female patient presented with an enlarged mass on the left hip and severe pain in the left lower extremity for the previous 6 months. Preoperative imaging examinations indicated an irregular soft tissue-like signal shadow sized 19 × 15 × 12 cm at the left ilium and sacrum. After surgical intervention involving left hemipelvectomy and amputation, the tumour was diagnosed by pathology as PNET. During the courses of postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, local recurrence and distant metastasis occurred, and the patient died 9 months following surgical treatment. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the current case is the largest pelvic PNET resection reported to date. Pelvic PNET is extremely malignant and has a high mortality rate regardless of surgical treatment, however, surgical resection of the lesion may relieve the symptoms, extend life, and improve quality of life to a certain extent.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive; Pelvic Neoplasms; Pelvis; Quality of Life
PubMed: 32500784
DOI: 10.1177/0300060520906747