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Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... 2008beta-Methyl-p-[(123)I]-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) imaging has been used extensively to detect coronary artery disease (CAD), primarily in Japan. However, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
beta-Methyl-p-[(123)I]-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) imaging has been used extensively to detect coronary artery disease (CAD), primarily in Japan. However, the reported sensitivity and specificity vary considerably from study to study. This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence for the diagnostic accuracy of resting BMIPP imaging in the detection of CAD.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A MEDLINE search of the literature published through the end of 2006 was performed. Seven studies (528 patients) met the inclusion criteria. Using random-effects models, the overall sensitivity and specificity to detect CAD were 78% (95% confidence interval, 73% to 81%) and 84% (95% confidence interval, 77% to 89%), respectively. A significant threshold effect was identified among studies, which was expected given the between-study variability in study methodology. A summary receiver-operating characteristic curve yielded an asymmetric curve with an area under the curve of 0.91 (SE, 0.020), indicating excellent diagnostic performance.
CONCLUSIONS
Imaging with BMIPP at rest exhibits a moderate sensitivity and high specificity to detect CAD in patients with a high prevalence of CAD. Thus, this tracer may be of great value for patients with acute chest pain and those with relative contraindications to exercise or pharmacologic stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Artery Disease; Fatty Acids; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Iodobenzenes; MEDLINE; Prognosis; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiopharmaceuticals; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 18513641
DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclcard.2008.02.019 -
Scientific Reports May 2020Dietary odd-chain saturated fatty acids (OCFAs) are present in trace levels in dairy fat and some fish and plants. Higher circulating concentrations of OCFAs,...
Dietary odd-chain saturated fatty acids (OCFAs) are present in trace levels in dairy fat and some fish and plants. Higher circulating concentrations of OCFAs, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), are associated with lower risks of cardiometabolic diseases, and higher dietary intake of OCFAs is associated with lower mortality. Population-wide circulating OCFA levels, however, have been declining over recent years. Here, we show C15:0 as an active dietary fatty acid that attenuates inflammation, anemia, dyslipidemia, and fibrosis in vivo, potentially by binding to key metabolic regulators and repairing mitochondrial function. This is the first demonstration of C15:0's direct role in attenuating multiple comorbidities using relevant physiological mechanisms at established circulating concentrations. Pairing our findings with evidence that (1) C15:0 is not readily made endogenously, (2) lower C15:0 dietary intake and blood concentrations are associated with higher mortality and a poorer physiological state, and (3) C15:0 has demonstrated activities and efficacy that parallel associated health benefits in humans, we propose C15:0 as a potential essential fatty acid. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential impact of decades of reduced intake of OCFA-containing foods as contributors to C15:0 deficiencies and susceptibilities to chronic disease.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Cell Line; Dietary Fats; Fatty Acids; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Liver; Male; Mice; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 32424181
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64960-y -
American Journal of Translational... 2020Sarcopenia is an age-associated disorder that results in skeletal muscle loss. Apoptosis and inflammation are the two major contributors to sarcopenia. Emerging evidence...
Sarcopenia is an age-associated disorder that results in skeletal muscle loss. Apoptosis and inflammation are the two major contributors to sarcopenia. Emerging evidence has shown that long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are implicated in the muscles of sarcopenic animal models. However, it is unknown whether LCFAs are correlated with apoptosis or inflammation in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Herein, we found that pentadecanoic acid (PDA), a C15 LCFA, was significantly accumulated in human sarcopenic muscles. PDA treatment could dose-dependently induce the expression of the transcription factor (forkhead box M1) and several proapoptotic genes, such as (p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis), (B-cell/lymphoma 2-associated X) and (apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1), thereby causing apoptosis. Mechanically, PDA activated AKT1 (AKT serine/threonine kinase 1) to phosphorylate NCOR1 (nuclear receptor corepressor 1). The phosphorylated NCOR1 disassociated from the NCOR1-FOXM1 transcriptional complex and could not repress FOXM1-mediated transcription, leading to the induction of . The activated PUMA further triggered downstream apoptotic signaling, including activation of the BAX, APAF1 and caspase cascades, leading to the occurrence of apoptosis. Alkaline phosphatase or knockdown of reversed the FOXM1-mediated apoptotic signaling. Collectively, our results provide new evidence that LCFAs are involved in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia by activating apoptotic signaling. Attempts to decrease the intake of PDA-containing foods or blocking AKT1 may improve the symptoms of sarcopenia.
PubMed: 33042406
DOI: No ID Found -
Natural Product Research 2023In the present study, we report herein the isolation of cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid, tatarinowin A (ACH-6), and pentadecanoic acid (ACH-8) from petroleum ether extract...
In the present study, we report herein the isolation of cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid, tatarinowin A (ACH-6), and pentadecanoic acid (ACH-8) from petroleum ether extract of rhizome of (Acoraceae) along with 6 other known compounds in this species. It is pertinent to mention here that this is the first report to stain these compounds in which dereplication approach based on GC-MS was applied to target unknown compounds ACH-6 and ACH-8 in Derelpication approaches based on GC-MS is very useful technique in the area of drug discovery and have eminence potential to identify known and unknown compounds present in extracts of medicinal important plants. This technique can be used to expedite the process of purification of unknown compounds from different matrixes. The isolated compounds were identified with the help of inbuilt library search which reveals the presence of 17 known and 4 unknown compounds. Further, the structure elucidation of all isolated compounds was done using spectroscopy techniques. Also, the structure of ACH-6 was further confirmed by using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique.
Topics: Acorus; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Rhizome
PubMed: 35382654
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2061482 -
Journal of Imaging Oct 2022(1) Background: The mortality of breast cancer has decreased due to the advancement of cancer therapies. However, more patients are suffering from...
Iodine-123 β-methyl-P-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic Acid (I-BMIPP) Myocardial Scintigraphy for Breast Cancer Patients and Possible Early Signs of Cancer-Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction (CTRCD).
(1) Background: The mortality of breast cancer has decreased due to the advancement of cancer therapies. However, more patients are suffering from cancer-therapeutics-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Diagnostic and treatment guidelines for CTRCD have not been fully established yet. Ultrasound cardiogram (UCG) is the gold standard for diagnosis of CTRCD, but many breast cancer patients cannot undergo UCG due to the surgery wounds or anatomical reasons. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the usefulness of myocardial scintigraphy using Iodine-123 β-methyl-P-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (I-BMIPP) in comparison with UCG. (2) Methods: 100 breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy within 3 years underwent Thallium (Tl) and I-BMIPP myocardial perfusion and metabolism scintigraphy. The images were visually evaluated by doctors and radiological technologists, and the grade of uptake reduction was scored by Heart Risk View-S software (Nihon Medi-Physics). The scores were deployed in a 17-segment model of the heart. The distribution of the scores were analyzed. (3) Results: Nine patients (9%) could not undergo UCG. No correlation was found between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and Heart Risk View-S scores of Tl myocardial perfusion scintigraphy nor those of BMIPP myocardial metabolism scintigraphy. In a 17-segment model of the heart, the scores of the middle rings were higher than for the basal ring. (4) Conclusions: Evaluation by UCG is not possible for some patients. Myocardial scintigraphy cannot serve as a perfect alternative to UCG. However, it will become the preferable second-choice screening test, as it could point out the early stage of CTRCD.
PubMed: 36354869
DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8110296 -
Circulation Journal : Official Journal... 2015
Predicting cardiac and all-cause death in asymptomatic patients on hemodialysis – importance of training in interpretation of β-methyl iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid single-photon emission computed tomography (BMIPP SPECT) imaging.
Topics: Fatty Acids; Female; Heart; Humans; Male; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Observer Variation; Renal Dialysis; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 25452100
DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-14-1238 -
Cureus May 2022The optimal imaging modality for evaluating Cancer Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction (CTRCD) other than echocardiography is currently not known. We conducted a...
Effectiveness of Iodine-123 β-methyl-P-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) Myocardial Scintigraphy for Cancer Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction (CTRCD) in Breast Cancer Patients.
PURPOSE
The optimal imaging modality for evaluating Cancer Therapeutics-Related Cardiac Dysfunction (CTRCD) other than echocardiography is currently not known. We conducted a retrospective study utilizing myocardial scintigraphy to detect early-stage CTRCD in asymptomatic breast cancer patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Fifty-five asymptomatic breast cancer patients who had received chemotherapy within three years were involved in this study. Echocardiography was performed for all patients before and during chemotherapy. Thallium (Tl) and I-β-methyl-P-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid (I-BMIPP) myocardial perfusion and metabolism scintigraphy were performed for all patients. Scintigraphy images were reviewed by several doctors including cardiologists, radiologists, palliative care physicians, and breast surgeons. The visual image assessment was then compared with the automated analysis utilizing Heart Risk View-S software (Nihon Medi-Physics Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). The results of scintigraphy were then compared with previous echocardiography data.
RESULTS
Measuring global longitudinal strain (GLS) was impossible in 51% of patients. Measuring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was impossible in 15% of patients. A significant reduction of I-BMIPP uptake was observed in 15 patients out of 55 patients (27.3%). Among the 51 patients who were not previously diagnosed with CTRCD, 11 patients (21.6%) showed a significant reduction of I-BMIPP uptake.
CONCLUSION
Myocardial scintigraphy with I-BMIPP detected myocardial damage in asymptomatic patients. If echocardiography is difficult to perform, myocardial scintigraphy could provide a second option for evaluating CTRCD.
PubMed: 35800804
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25524 -
MBio May 2020utilizes the fatty acid (FA) kinase system to activate exogenous FAs for membrane synthesis. We developed a lipidomics workflow to determine the membrane...
utilizes the fatty acid (FA) kinase system to activate exogenous FAs for membrane synthesis. We developed a lipidomics workflow to determine the membrane phosphatidylglycerol (PG) molecular species synthesized by at the thigh infection site. Wild-type utilizes both host palmitate and oleate to acylate the 1 position of PG, and the 2 position is occupied by pentadecanoic acid arising from biosynthesis. Inactivation of FakB2 eliminates the ability to assimilate oleate and inactivation of FakB1 reduces the content of saturated FAs and enhances oleate utilization. Elimination of FA activation in either Δ or Δ Δ mutants does not impact growth. All strains recovered from the thigh have significantly reduced branched-chain FAs and increased even-chain FAs compared to that with growth in rich laboratory medium. The molecular species pattern observed in the thigh was reproduced in the laboratory by growth in isoleucine-deficient medium containing exogenous FAs. utilizes specific host FAs for membrane biosynthesis but also requires FA biosynthesis initiated by isoleucine (or leucine) to produce pentadecanoic acid. The shortage of antibiotics against drug-resistant has led to the development of new drugs targeting the elongation cycle of fatty acid (FA) synthesis that are progressing toward the clinic. An objection to the use of FA synthesis inhibitors is that can utilize exogenous FAs to construct its membrane, suggesting that the bacterium would bypass these therapeutics by utilizing host FAs instead. We developed a mass spectrometry workflow to determine the composition of the membrane at the infection site to directly address how uses host FAs. strains that cannot acquire host FAs are as effective in establishing an infection as the wild type, but strains that require the utilization of host FAs for growth were attenuated in the mouse thigh infection model. We find that does utilize host FAs to construct its membrane, but host FAs do not replace the requirement for pentadecanoic acid, a branched-chain FA derived from isoleucine (or leucine) that predominantly occupies the 2 position of phospholipids. The membrane phospholipid structure of mutants that cannot utilize host FAs indicates the isoleucine is a scarce resource at the infection site. This reliance on the synthesis of predominantly pentadecanoic acid that cannot be obtained from the host is one reason why drugs that target fatty acid synthesis are effective in treating infections.
Topics: Animals; Culture Media; Fatty Acids; Female; Host Microbial Interactions; Isoleucine; Mass Spectrometry; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Oleic Acid; Phosphatidylglycerols; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Thigh
PubMed: 32430471
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00920-20 -
The American Journal of Cardiology Oct 2022Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can help detect myocardial damage. I-betamethyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid...
Adverse Cardiac Events in Cardiac Sarcoidosis Prediction by I-betamethyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic Acid Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Late Gadolinium Enhancement.
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can help detect myocardial damage. I-betamethyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid single-photon emission computed tomography (BMIPP-SPECT) was developed to evaluate fatty acid metabolism and has been reported to help detect myocardial damage in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). We analyzed data from CMR-LGE and performed BMIPP-SPECT in patients with CS taking prednisolone and investigated the association of BMIPP-SPECT with LGE as a prognostic factor in CS. Patients with CS who underwent BMIPP-SPECT and CMR-LGE at the time of diagnosis within 2 months were classified into those with and without a major adverse cardiac event (MACE). Total BMIPP-SPECT defect score (BDS) and LGE extent score (LES) were used to estimate myocardial damage. The relation between BDS and LES was explored using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Their ability to predict MACEs was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Medical data of 45 patients were analyzed retrospectively (mean follow-up, 4.5 years). BDS and LES were significantly correlated (p <0.0001). BDS was significantly greater for the group with MACE than that without MACE (p = 0.0008). LES of patients with MACE was significantly greater than those without MACE (p = 0.0045). Patients with BDS ≥16 had a significantly higher MACE rate than those with BDS <16 (p = 0.0029). The group with LES ≥9 was significantly associated with MACE (p = 0.0098). In conclusion, BDS reflected myocardial damage similar to that detected by CMR-LGE and was a predictive marker of MACE in patients with CS. BMIPP-SPECT may help predict the prognosis of patients with CS who cannot undergo CMR-LGE.
Topics: Contrast Media; Fatty Acids; Gadolinium; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Myocarditis; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Sarcoidosis; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 35918233
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2022.06.040