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Journal of Periodontology Jul 2001Recent studies provide strong evidence implicating Peptostreptococcus micros in the pathogenesis of various oral infections, including oropharyngeal abscesses and...
BACKGROUND
Recent studies provide strong evidence implicating Peptostreptococcus micros in the pathogenesis of various oral infections, including oropharyngeal abscesses and periodontal disease. To date, very little is known regarding the role of P. micros in periodontal disease. Therefore, a genetic analysis was initiated to differentiate among strains of P. micros infecting periodontal patients.
METHODS
Sixty DNA samples of P. micros isolated from 15 patients with periodontal disease were evaluated. Arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reactions (AP-PCR) were performed using primer 3 (AGTCAGCCAC) and primer 13 (CAGCACCCAC). The PCR products were analyzed by gel electrophoresis.
RESULTS
The primers produced several unique patterns among the strains tested. Primer 3 resulted in 30 different patterns, whereas primer 13 resulted in 31 different patterns, which were distinct from those seen with primer 3. In 8 of 15 patients, the PCR profile was identical for all isolates cultured from that patient, indicating a clonal infection. In 4 of 15 patients, 2 different genotypes were identified. In the remaining 3 patients, all isolates cultured from these patients exhibited a unique genotype.
CONCLUSIONS
While P. micros appears to be heterogeneous throughout a population of periodontal patients, each patient is, for the most part, infected with a limited number of genotypes. These results demonstrate the genetic diversity of P. micros and the usefulness of AP-PCR for future epidemiological studies in understanding the role P. micros plays in periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aggressive Periodontitis; Chronic Disease; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; Dental Plaque; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Likelihood Functions; Molecular Biology; Peptostreptococcus; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Probability; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
PubMed: 11495135
DOI: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.7.877 -
International Journal of Systematic... Oct 1993Peptostreptococcus micros is often isolated from abscesses in several parts of the human body. The oral cavity is considered the natural habitat for the species, which... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Peptostreptococcus micros is often isolated from abscesses in several parts of the human body. The oral cavity is considered the natural habitat for the species, which has been implicated as a periodontal pathogen. In plaque samples from periodontitis patients we observed the presence of a rough morphotype of P. micros in addition to the previously recognized smooth morphotype. The rough morphotype has not been described previously. Both morphotypes are frequently isolated simultaneously from the same patient. In this paper strains of both morphotypes are described. The smooth morphotype, represented by the type strain, grew as small, dome-shaped, bright white, nonhemolytic colonies. The rough morphotype grew as equally white dry colonies which were hemolytic and had wrinkled edges. DNA-DNA reassociation studies revealed homology at the species level between the two morphotypes; in addition, no differences in physiological characteristics were observed when the organisms were tested with API-32A and API-ZYM kits. The rough cells had long, thin fibrillar structures outside the cell envelope when they were stained negatively for electron microscopy. In the smooth morphotype these structures were not present. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of whole-cell extracts were different for the two morphotypes. In xylene-water phase partition studies, the smooth morphotype was found to be hydrophobic, whereas the rough morphotype was found to be relatively hydrophilic. The distinct morphotypes were stable on blood agar; however, the rough morphotype changed to a nonfibrillar type with a smooth colony morphology after repeated subculturing in broth.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; DNA, Bacterial; Enzymes; Hemolysis; Humans; Morphogenesis; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Peptostreptococcus; Periodontitis; Solubility
PubMed: 8240959
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-43-4-787 -
International Journal of Systematic... Jan 1993In previous studies, gram-positive bacteria which grew rapidly with peptides or an amino acid as the sole energy source were isolated from bovine rumina. Three isolates,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
In previous studies, gram-positive bacteria which grew rapidly with peptides or an amino acid as the sole energy source were isolated from bovine rumina. Three isolates, strains C, FT (T = type strain), and SR, were considered to be ecologically important since they produced up to 20-fold more ammonia than other ammonia-producing ruminal bacteria. On the basis of phenotypic criteria, the taxonomic position of these new isolates was uncertain. In this study, the 16S rRNA sequences of these isolates and related bacteria were determined to establish the phylogenetic positions of the organisms. The sequences of strains C, FT, and SR and reference strains of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Clostridium sticklandii, Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium aminovalericum, Acetomaculum ruminis, Clostridium leptum, Clostridium lituseburense, Clostridium acidiurici, and Clostridium barkeri were determined by using a modified Sanger dideoxy chain termination method. Strain C, a large coccus purported to belong to the genus Peptostreptococcus, was closely related to P. anaerobius, with a level of sequence similarity of 99.6%. Strain SR, a heat-resistant, short, rod-shaped organism, was closely related to C. sticklandii, with a level of sequence similarity of 99.9%. However, strain FT, a heat-resistant, pleomorphic, rod-shaped organism, was only distantly related to some clostridial species and P. anaerobius. On the basis of the sequence data, it was clear that strain FT warranted designation as a separate species. The closest known relative of strain FT was C. coccoides (level of similarity, only 90.6%). Additional strains that are phenotypically similar to strain FT were isolated in this study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Ammonia; Animals; Cattle; Clostridium; Female; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptostreptococcus; Phylogeny; Rumen
PubMed: 8427801
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-43-1-107 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Mar 1979A new tyrosine medium was developed and evaluated for the differentiation of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius from other anaerobic, gram-positive cocci. The strains...
A new tyrosine medium was developed and evaluated for the differentiation of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius from other anaerobic, gram-positive cocci. The strains included 159 originating from clinical specimens and 13 reference strains received from other workers in the field. Only one strain of each species was included in the study from multiple cultures from the same patient. This medium is simple to prepare and can be used in a small clinical laboratory. One hundred seventy-two strains of anaerobic gram-positive cocci were grown and evaluated with the new tyrosine medium; 36 strains (100%) of P. anaerobius degradated the tyrosine crystals when incubated at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions in a GasPak jar (Baltimore Biological Laboratory) for approximately 72 h. On the other hand, 135 of 136 other anaerobic gram-positive cocci were negative for tyrosine degradation, but grew on the tyrosine agar plate when incubated anaerobically. The single strain that degraded tyrosine was 1 of the 13 isolates of Peptostreptococcus micros studied.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Bacterial Infections; Bacteriological Techniques; Biodegradation, Environmental; Culture Media; Humans; Peptostreptococcus; Tyrosine
PubMed: 379031
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.9.3.358-361.1979 -
Proteins Dec 1995Protein L is a multidomain cell wall constituent of certain strains of Peptostreptococcus magnus which binds to the variable domain of immunoglobulin kappa-light chains....
Protein L is a multidomain cell wall constituent of certain strains of Peptostreptococcus magnus which binds to the variable domain of immunoglobulin kappa-light chains. A single immunoglobulin-binding domain of M(r) = 9000 from this protein has been isolated and crystallized. The crystals are of space group P4(2)2(1)2, with cell dimensions a = b = 66.9 A, c = 68.3 A, and diffract to at least 2.2 A resolution. The asymmetric unit of the crystal contains two molecules of the protein L domain, related by a noncrystallographic 2-fold axis, as revealed by a self-rotation function calculated with native diffraction data.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Binding Sites, Antibody; Cell Wall; Crystallization; Crystallography, X-Ray; Humans; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; Molecular Weight; Peptostreptococcus; Protein Conformation
PubMed: 8749861
DOI: 10.1002/prot.340230420 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology May 1980Antisera against whole cells of each Peptostreptococcus species (P. anaerobius, P. micros, P. parvulus, and P. productus) were produced in rabbits. When these antisera...
Antisera against whole cells of each Peptostreptococcus species (P. anaerobius, P. micros, P. parvulus, and P. productus) were produced in rabbits. When these antisera were reacted against sonically disrupted cells and culture supernatant fluids in Ouchterlony tests, lines of identity were obtained among the antigens from all the species and uninoculated culture medium. When the antisera were subsequently absorbed with the dehydrated culture medium used to grow the peptostreptococci, all cross-reactions in heterologous antigen-antibody combinations were eliminated, leaving only species-specific precipitin arcs. These absorbed antisera, specific for each Peptostreptococcus species by Ouchterlony tests, were used for rapid identification studies. Staphylococcus aureus-bearing protein A was sensitized with each absorbed antiserum. These reagents produced specific coagglutination reactions with suspensions of each Peptostreptococcus reference strain and with 16 clinical isolates. No cross-reactions occurred with the Streptococcus intermedius, Peptococcus magnus, or Peptococcus asaccharolyticus strains tested.
Topics: Agglutination Tests; Antigens, Bacterial; Cross Reactions; Immunodiffusion; Peptostreptococcus; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 6769956
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.11.5.515-521.1980 -
Journal of General Microbiology Nov 1970
Topics: Animals; Cecum; Fermentation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactates; Peptostreptococcus; Swine
PubMed: 5516605
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-64-1-123 -
International Journal of Systematic... Apr 199916S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together...
The family Coriobacteriaceae: reclassification of Eubacterium exiguum (Poco et al. 1996) and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens (Lanigan 1976) as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov., and Eubacterium lentum (Prevot 1938) as Eggerthella lenta...
16S rRNA gene sequences were determined for Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens. These species were found to be closely related and, together with Eubacterium lentum, to constitute a branch of the Coriobacteriaceae. Two new genera are proposed on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons: Slackia to include the bile-sensitive species Eubacterium exiguum and P. heliotrinreducens, and Eggerthella to include the bile-resistant Eubacterium lentum. It is proposed that Eubacterium exiguum and Peptostreptococcus heliotrinreducens are transferred to the genus Slackia gen. nov. as Slackia exigua gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 700122T) and Slackia heliotrinireducens gen. nov., comb. nov. (type strain NTCC 11029T), respectively, and Eubacterium lentum is transferred to the genus Eggerthella gen. nov. as Eggerthella lenta gen. nov., comb. nov. with Eggerthella lenta as the type species.
Topics: Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Eubacterium; Genes, rRNA; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Molecular Sequence Data; Peptostreptococcus; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 10319481
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-49-2-595 -
Journal of Bacteriology Mar 1994Peptostreptococcus anaerobius converted glutamine stoichiometrically to ammonia and pyroglutamic acid, and the Eadie-Hofstee plot of glutamine transport was biphasic....
Peptostreptococcus anaerobius converted glutamine stoichiometrically to ammonia and pyroglutamic acid, and the Eadie-Hofstee plot of glutamine transport was biphasic. High-affinity, sodium-dependent glutamine transport (affinity constant [Kt] of 1.5 microM) could be driven by the chemical gradient of sodium, and more than 20 mM sodium was required for half-maximal velocity. High-affinity glutamine transport was not stimulated or inhibited by a membrane potential (delta psi). Low-affinity glutamine transport had a rate which was directly proportional to the external glutamine concentration, required less than 100 microM sodium, and was inhibited strongly by a delta psi. Cells which were treated with N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to inhibit the F1F0 ATPase still generated a delta psi but did so only if the external glutamine concentration was greater than 15 mM. Low-affinity glutamine uptake could not be saturated by as much as 200 mM glutamine, but glutamine-1 accounts for only a small fraction of the total glutamine at physiological pH values (pH 6 to 7). On the basis of these results, it appeared that the low-affinity glutamine transport was an electrogenic mechanism which was converting a chemical gradient of glutamine-1 into a delta psi. Other mechanisms of delta psi generation (electrogenic glutamine-pyroglutamate or -ammonium exchange) could not be demonstrated.
Topics: Biological Transport; Carbon Radioisotopes; Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide; Glutamine; Kinetics; Membrane Potentials; Monensin; Peptostreptococcus; Potassium; Salicylanilides; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Time Factors; Tromethamine
PubMed: 8113169
DOI: 10.1128/jb.176.5.1303-1308.1994 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry May 1974
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Butyrates; Coenzyme A; Electron Transport; Electrophoresis, Disc; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; Flavins; Flavoproteins; Immunodiffusion; Molecular Weight; NAD; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidoreductases; Peptostreptococcus; Rabbits; Ribonucleotides; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spectrophotometry
PubMed: 4151307
DOI: No ID Found