-
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics 1986Pyomyositis occurs infrequently in temperate climates. The fulminating peracute form caused by group A Streptococcus is exceedingly rare. We present two children with...
Pyomyositis occurs infrequently in temperate climates. The fulminating peracute form caused by group A Streptococcus is exceedingly rare. We present two children with streptococcal pyomyositis. One child was admitted in septic shock and required intensive supportive care during the acute stage of his illness. Persistent swelling and tenderness of his left thigh presented a diagnostic problem, which was eventually resolved with the aid of computerized tomography. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy from the onset of illness, surgical debridement of the affected muscle was necessary. The second child presented with pyomyositis of the left paravertebral muscles and signs of incipient shock but did well on antibiotic therapy alone.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; Myositis; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes
PubMed: 3514669
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... May 2023Free-living amoebae are rare causes of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals around the globe. Because the route of exposure and clinical progression of disease... (Review)
Review
Free-living amoebae are rare causes of morbidity and mortality in humans and animals around the globe. Because the route of exposure and clinical progression of disease caused by different species of amoebae may vary in people and animals, determining the species of amoeba present is important. We describe here a fatal infection by the free-living amoeba in a Siberian tiger (). The 17-y-old patient had a rapid clinical decline after a peracute onset of severe lethargy, dull mentation, and anorexia. Autopsy did not identify a cause of death. Histology revealed inflammation associated with amoebic trophozoites in the brain, lungs, and iris of one eye. These amoebae were confirmed to be based on a PCR assay and sequencing. Although there are subtle morphologic differences between cyst stages of spp., , and when present and identified on routine staining, other modalities, including PCR, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry, are typically utilized to confirm the pathogen involved in these cases. We review the reports of balamuthosis in animals.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Tigers; Amebiasis; Amoeba; Acanthamoeba; Naegleria fowleri; Balamuthia mandrillaris
PubMed: 36908206
DOI: 10.1177/10406387231160771 -
Forensic Science International Jan 2012Sudden cardiac deaths are common within the community. They also constitute a substantial part of daily pathologic and forensic case work. However, macroscopic...
Sudden cardiac deaths are common within the community. They also constitute a substantial part of daily pathologic and forensic case work. However, macroscopic myocardial findings indicating acute ischemia are often absent. Then, diagnosis is based on coronary status in combination with indirect signs of acute cardiac failure. We present a case of sudden cardiac death where diagnosis was based on cardiac postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (pmMRI) findings already prior to autopsy: the heart's anterior basal ventricular septum showed hypointensities in T2-weighted images that raised suspicion of peracute ischemia. The lumen of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) exhibited a lack of otherwise discernible postmortem sedimentation of cellular blood components. Instead of a sharp border between serum and erythrocytes a homogeneous signal was seen within the narrowed lumen of the beginning LAD over a length of 1cm. Based on this, a thrombotic occlusion was assumed. Subsequent autopsy confirmed peracute septal myocardial ischemia secondary to a thrombotic occlusion of the LAD as concluded from the pmMRI.
Topics: Adult; Coronary Occlusion; Coronary Thrombosis; Coronary Vessels; Forensic Pathology; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium
PubMed: 21802227
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.07.010 -
The Veterinary Record Apr 2008A rupture of the dura mater caused by the peracute extrusion of a cervical disc was diagnosed by myelography in two dogs. In both cases traction on the cervical spine...
A rupture of the dura mater caused by the peracute extrusion of a cervical disc was diagnosed by myelography in two dogs. In both cases traction on the cervical spine resulted in contrast medium entering the ruptured intervertebral disc from the subarachnoid space. Both dogs became suddenly tetraparetic and unable to ambulate during vigorous exercise, but regained the ability to walk without surgical treatment.
Topics: Animals; Cervical Vertebrae; Contrast Media; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Dura Mater; Female; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Male; Myelography; Paresis; Physical Conditioning, Animal; Rupture; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 18408196
DOI: 10.1136/vr.162.15.479 -
Australian Veterinary Journal Apr 2003Microvascular endothelial damage by the epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens type D appears to be the fundamental cause of cerebral parenchymal injury and lesions... (Review)
Review
Microvascular endothelial damage by the epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens type D appears to be the fundamental cause of cerebral parenchymal injury and lesions occur in a seemingly dose- and time-dependent manner. Large doses of circulating toxin produce a severe, generalised, vasogenic cerebral oedema and an acute or peracute clinical course to death. With lower doses of toxin, or in partially immune sheep, focal necrosis, often bilaterally symmetrical, occurs in certain selectively vulnerable brain regions, which appear to become fewer as the toxin dose is reduced. These cases follow a more protracted clinical course, but death is the usual outcome. The precise pathogenesis of the focal brain damage found in subacutely intoxicated sheep is unresolved, but several possible mechanisms are discussed.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Toxins; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cell Nucleus; Clostridium perfringens; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Encephalomalacia; Enterotoxemia; Intracranial Pressure; Sheep; Sheep Diseases
PubMed: 15080445
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2003.tb11474.x -
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic... Mar 2020type D epsilon toxin (EXT) causes an important neurologic disorder of sheep, goats and, rarely, cattle. The disease can occur in peracute, acute, subacute, and chronic... (Review)
Review
type D epsilon toxin (EXT) causes an important neurologic disorder of sheep, goats and, rarely, cattle. The disease can occur in peracute, acute, subacute, and chronic forms. High circulating levels of ETX produce vasculocentric brain lesions, in which microvascular endothelial injury results in diagnostically useful perivascular and intramural extravasations of plasma protein, especially in sheep, and less frequently in goats. With lower toxin doses, a more protracted clinical course tends to occur, particularly in sheep, leading to focal, bilaterally symmetrical, necrotic foci in certain brain regions. Although these morphologic features usually permit the diagnostic pathologist to make a definitive etiologic diagnosis, there are many aspects of the pathogenesis of these cerebral lesions that are not completely understood. ETX has also been shown to produce microvascular damage in the retina of rats, resulting in severe, diffuse vasogenic edema, similar to that found in brains exposed to this neurotoxin. The pathoclisis and vascular theories offer alternative explanations of the differential susceptibility of different brain regions to the same neurotoxic insult.
Topics: Bacterial Toxins; Brain Diseases; Clostridium Infections; Clostridium perfringens; Eye Diseases; Virulence
PubMed: 31955669
DOI: 10.1177/1040638719900190 -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... Aug 1954
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cortisone; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Meningococcal Infections; Sulfanilamide; Sulfanilamides; Sulfonamides; Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
PubMed: 13200202
DOI: No ID Found -
Nordisk Veterinaermedicin Oct 1972
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Bacillus cereus; Cattle; Chloramphenicol; Female; Mastitis, Bovine; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 4199535
DOI: No ID Found -
Schweizerische Medizinische... Jan 1954
Topics: Bronchitis; Child; Croup; Humans
PubMed: 13146057
DOI: No ID Found -
Equine Veterinary Journal Jul 1992
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Epidermis; Foot Diseases; Hoof and Claw; Horse Diseases; Horses; Keratinocytes; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 1499543
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02845.x