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Sexual Medicine Reviews Apr 2020Sexual performance anxiety (SPA) is one of the most prevalent sexual complaints; yet, no diagnosis is recognized for either gender. Thus, research into treatment has... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Sexual performance anxiety (SPA) is one of the most prevalent sexual complaints; yet, no diagnosis is recognized for either gender. Thus, research into treatment has been minimal.
AIM
Review the prevalence of SPA and its relation to sexual dysfunctions and anxiety disorders. Compare SPA to (non-sexual) performance anxiety and social anxiety (PA/SA). Apply pharmacologic principles to the known properties of drugs and phytotherapies to hypothesize treatments for SPA.
METHODS
Review SPA and PA/SA through PubMed searches for relevant literature from 2000 to 2018.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Prevalence was estimated using population-representative surveys. For treatment results, controlled clinical trial results were prioritized over open-label trial results.
RESULTS
SPA affects 9-25% of men and contributes to premature ejaculation and psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). SPA affects 6-16% of women and severely inhibits sexual desire. Cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness meditation training have been proven effective for PA/SA and are recommended for SPA, but controlled studies are lacking. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are effective for psychogenic ED and premature ejaculation, both of which include SPA as a major element. Drugs proven for PA/SA have adverse sexual and sedative effects, but serotonergic anxiolytics with prosexual effects (buspirone ± testosterone, trazodone ± bupropion) may have potential, and sage, passionflower, l-theanine, and bitter orange are anxiolytic. Nitric oxide boosters (l-citrulline, l-arginine, Panax ginseng) have the potential for increasing genital tumescence and lubrication, and plant-based alpha-adrenergic antagonists may aid sexual arousal (yohimbine/yohimbe, Citrus aurantium/p-synephrine).
CONCLUSION
SPA causes or maintains most common sexual dysfunction. No treatments are well proven, although cognitive behavior therapy, mindfulness meditation training, and serotonergic anxiolytics (buspirone, trazodone, gepirone) have potential, and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors are effective for psychogenic ED and premature ejaculation. Several phytotherapies also appear to have potential. Pyke RE. Sexual Performance Anxiety. J Sex Med 2020;8:183-190.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Performance Anxiety; Prevalence; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological
PubMed: 31447414
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.07.001 -
L'Encephale Apr 2020In the world of sport, athletes and their trainers see competitive emotions and, in particular, performance anxiety as one of the most important factors likely to...
In the world of sport, athletes and their trainers see competitive emotions and, in particular, performance anxiety as one of the most important factors likely to influence the outcome of a sports competition. These emotions attract such vast interest because even today they continue to raise many questions. While positive emotions are generally considered to be largely facilitative to an athlete's performance, the link between negative emotions, and particularly competitive anxiety, and performance seems less unanimous. Some view anxiety as a phenomenon which hampers performance; for them, an anxious athlete is a fragile one. Others view anxiety as a driver and give as examples those athletes who only perform well under the pressure of competition and the anxious state it elicits. There is currently no single model for the relationship between anxiety (or emotions) and performance on which everybody agrees, in spite of the fact that the scientific community has been striving for some time to better understand the links between them. Research carried out to confirm these links has produced inconsistent results which are difficult to interpret as the variables measured (anxiety, emotional states, performance) and the framework of the studies (characteristics of the participants, importance of the sports event) most often differ.
Topics: Anxiety; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Competitive Behavior; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Sports
PubMed: 31542211
DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2019.07.008 -
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent... Dec 2010The prevalence of anxiety disorders in adolescents range from 6% to 20%, and it is much higher for anxiety symptoms not meeting criteria for a specific anxiety disorder.... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of anxiety disorders in adolescents range from 6% to 20%, and it is much higher for anxiety symptoms not meeting criteria for a specific anxiety disorder. The prevalence is much higher in females. Athletes participating in sports experience different levels of stress from competitive sports. For most young athletes (generally 13 to 24 years old, i.e., high-school and college age group) sport participation is reported to be no more stressful than many other activities of daily student or work life in general where competition is involved and performance is measured. Some level of sport related performance anxiety is considered to be normal and healthy; however, extreme anxiety in athletes can be detrimental in these performance situations. A number of factors may contribute to the development, severity, and persistence of performance anxiety related to sport participation. This article reviews the definitions, theories, clinical presentation, evaluation, and management principles of performance anxiety symptoms in young athletes.
Topics: Adolescent; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Athletes; Athletic Performance; Female; Humans; Severity of Illness Index; Stress, Psychological; Young Adult
PubMed: 20869282
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2010.04.004 -
The Psychiatric Clinics of North America Sep 2021Athletes may first seek counsel from mental health professionals with concerns of performance anxiety. The mental health professional must carefully explore the context... (Review)
Review
Athletes may first seek counsel from mental health professionals with concerns of performance anxiety. The mental health professional must carefully explore the context and origins of the athlete's anxiety in order to identify and address the root cause. A detailed history and physical examination will help avoid missing comorbid conditions presenting with anxiety symptoms. This chapter highlights the importance of recognizing the circumstances in which anxiety symptoms may arise in athletes; identifying stressors that are exclusive to the athlete experience; determining how those symptoms can affect their performance and general livelihood; and developing a treatment strategy that maximizes the athlete's performance.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Athletes; Humans
PubMed: 34372994
DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2021.04.005 -
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Music performance anxiety (MPA) is a natural, emotional, and physiological response to the stress of public performance. Debilitating forms of MPA are severe and... (Review)
Review
Music performance anxiety (MPA) is a natural, emotional, and physiological response to the stress of public performance. Debilitating forms of MPA are severe and persistent reactions that go beyond the normal adaptive response to music evaluation situations and can negatively impact the quality of musical performance and the musician's life in general. Today, it affects numerous professional performers and can result in an inability to practice their profession, posing a significant threat to their professional activity. Despite its scope, studies exploring this issue and contributing to its resolution are scarce. Thus, this review aims to compile the significant advancements made in the last five years (2018-2023) in the treatment of MPA from a scientific perspective. For this purpose, the PRISMA method was used based on the results obtained from the Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Reviewed are 10 studies that have made valuable contributions to this matter in this time frame after applying the quality filters using the PRISMA method. It is concluded that, although there are methodological shortcomings and sample limitations in the current research, this field registers advancements that provide valuable information to prevent or solve this problem in professional or aspiring musicians.
PubMed: 37753998
DOI: 10.3390/bs13090720 -
Complementary Therapies in Clinical... Feb 2018To evaluate the effects of oral rosemary on memory performance, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality in university students. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of oral rosemary on memory performance, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality in university students.
METHODS
In this double-blinded randomized controlled trial, the 68 participating students randomly received 500 mg rosemary and placebo twice daily for one month. Prospective and retrospective memory performance, depression, anxiety and sleep quality of the students were measured using Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory at baseline and after one month.
RESULTS
The scores of all the scales and subscales except the sleep latency and sleep duration components of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory were significantly decreased in the rosemary group in comparison with the control group after one month.
CONCLUSIONS
Rosemary as a traditional herb could be used to boost prospective and retrospective memory, reduce anxiety and depression, and improve sleep quality in university students.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Memory; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Rosmarinus; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders; Students; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 29389474
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.11.004 -
Currents in Pharmacy Teaching & Learning Dec 2020Test anxiety is well studied in higher education, but studies primarily concern traditional assessments, such as written examinations. As use of objective structured... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Test anxiety is well studied in higher education, but studies primarily concern traditional assessments, such as written examinations. As use of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in pharmacy education increases, a closer examination of non-cognitive factors such as test anxiety is warranted. The purpose of this review was to determine the association between OSCE-associated test anxiety with OSCE performance in health professional students.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted to identify peer-reviewed literature concerning test anxiety in health professional students associated with OSCE. Investigators searched for a combination of OSCE-related terms with anxiety-related terms using PubMed. Articles were included if they assessed OSCE-related anxiety by quantitative or qualitative methods. Data extracted from eligible articles included demographic data, type of the anxiety survey, associations between OSCE-related anxiety and performance, and other student-factors associated with OSCE-related anxiety.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 339 articles. Nine articles met eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Results included students from medical, pharmacy, dental, and nursing professional programs. Anxiety was assessed via multiple scales. Six out of the eight studies assessing the relationship OSCE-related anxiety and OSCE performance found no association between the two measures. Contrary to literature concerning test anxiety in higher education, female gender was not associated with OSCE-related anxiety.
CONCLUSION
OSCE-related anxiety appears to have minimal to no influence on student performance. Future studies should utilize standardized anxiety assessments and should seek to understand anxiety's effects on student wellbeing and burnout.
Topics: Anxiety; Clinical Competence; Educational Measurement; Female; Humans; Physical Examination; Students
PubMed: 33092780
DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2020.07.007 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2021Strategies for addressing anxiety-related decrements in performance have been implemented across a variety of domains, including Sex, Sport, and Stage. In this review,... (Review)
Review
Strategies for addressing anxiety-related decrements in performance have been implemented across a variety of domains, including Sex, Sport, and Stage. In this review, we (1) iterate the dominant anxiety-related remediation strategies within each of these domains; (2) identify over-lapping and domain-specific strategies; and (3) attempt to unify the conceptualization of performance-related anxiety across these three areas under the information-processing framework of the Reflective/deliberative-Impulsive/automatic Model (RIM). Despite both diversity and similarity in remediation approaches across domains, we found that many strategies appear to share the common goal of maintaining a dominant automatic style of information processing in high performance demand situations. We then describe how various remediation strategies might hypothetically fit within the RIM framework and its subcomponents, identifying each intervention as falling into one or more broad categories related to achieving and/or maintaining dominance in automatic information processing. We conclude by affirming the benefit of adopting a unifying information-processing framework for the conceptualization of performance-related anxiety, as a way of both guiding future cross- and inter- disciplinary research and elucidating effective remediation models that share common pathways/mechanisms to improved performance.
Topics: Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Cognition; Humans; Performance Anxiety; Sports
PubMed: 34639462
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910160 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023
PubMed: 38094704
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1328762 -
Journal of the American College of... Nov 2023Performance anxiety is fear, anxiety, or avoidance of performative tasks, due to possible evaluation or criticism by others. Performance anxiety is well described in...
Performance anxiety is fear, anxiety, or avoidance of performative tasks, due to possible evaluation or criticism by others. Performance anxiety is well described in public speakers, musicians, and even surgeons. Its impact on radiologists and especially radiology trainees has not been explored. This article details performance anxiety, framing radiologists as performers, and highlights its potential impact on trainees and practicing radiologists. We offer strategies to manage and enhance the effects of performance anxiety that can be implemented in a training environment.
Topics: Humans; Radiology; Radiologists; Internship and Residency; Performance Anxiety; Anxiety
PubMed: 37634799
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.06.038