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Pathology, Research and Practice Dec 2022The development of whole slide image and deep neural network technologies has contributed to the paradigm shift in diagnostic pathology and has received much attention... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The development of whole slide image and deep neural network technologies has contributed to the paradigm shift in diagnostic pathology and has received much attention from researchers, with related publications increasing yearly and "exploding" in recent years. However, few studies have systematically reviewed "digital pathology" using bibliometric tools. In this study, we will use multiple approaches to visualize and analyze "digital pathology" to provide a comprehensive and objective picture of the field's historical evolution and future development.
METHODS
We use VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Gephi, and R to analyze the authors, institutional and national collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence, and co-citation analysis to visualize the current status of global digital pathology research.
RESULTS
Digital pathology-related research is mainly active in "molecular, biological, and immunology" journal groups, "pharmaceutical, medical, and clinical" journal groups, and "psychology, education, and health" journal groups; in addition to "digital pathology," "diagnosis," "deep learning," "histopathology," and "surgical pathology" are also active research topics; the U.S. has significant research results in digital pathology, with the top 10 publishing institutions all coming from the U.S. In the past two decades, global digital pathology-related research can be divided into two major research areas. One is about system verification and optimization of WSI, and the other is about the application and development of artificial intelligence technology in digital pathology. Among them, based on the development of computer technology and the update of the machine learning concept, the research results for deep neural network technologies have been more concentrated in recent years. The robust performance of deep neural networks in feature extraction and image analysis provides a new research direction for improving digital pathology-aided diagnosis systems, which is where the research hotspots have been in recent years.
CONCLUSIONS
The bibliometric analysis may help better understand the current status of research within the field of digital pathology and provide references and lessons for future related research.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Bibliometrics; Pathology, Surgical; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
PubMed: 36274267
DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154171 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Sep 1996An increasing number of veterinary practices are performing in-office hematology testing. Historically, this involved time-consuming, labor-intensive manual methods. A... (Review)
Review
An increasing number of veterinary practices are performing in-office hematology testing. Historically, this involved time-consuming, labor-intensive manual methods. A number of automated and semiautomated hematology instruments are now available for analysis of veterinary samples, which, when used properly, offer more efficient, precise testing than can be achieved through manual methods. This article reviews manual methods for performing a complete blood count and describes some of the available automated hematology instruments. Factors that affect test results and the importance of a quality assurance program are also discussed.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Dogs; Equipment Design; Hematologic Tests; Hematology; Pathology, Clinical; Quality Control; Reference Values; Systems Analysis
PubMed: 8863386
DOI: 10.1016/s0195-5616(96)50051-3 -
Pathology International Mar 2009Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in the world, and mortality due to gastric cancer is second only to that from lung cancer. 'Transcriptome dissection'... (Review)
Review
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in the world, and mortality due to gastric cancer is second only to that from lung cancer. 'Transcriptome dissection' is a detailed analysis of the entire expressed transcripts from a cancer, for the purpose of understanding the precise molecular mechanism of pathogenesis. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a suitable technique for performing transcriptome dissection. Gastric cancers of different stages and histology were analyzed on SAGE, and one of the largest gastric cancer SAGE libraries in the world was created (GEO accession number GSE 545). Through SAGE, many candidate genes have been identified as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for the treatment of gastric cancer. Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (Reg IV) participated in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance and peritoneal metastasis, and its expression was associated with an intestinal phenotype of gastric cancer and with endocrine differentiation. GW112 expression correlated with advanced tumor stage. Measurement of Reg IV and GW112 levels in sera indicated a sensitivity of 57% for detection of cancer. SPC18 participated in tumor growth and invasion through transforming tumor growth factor-alpha upregulation. Palate, lung, and nasal epithelium carcinoma-associated protein (PLUNC) was a useful marker for gastric hepatoid adenocarcinoma. Expression of SOX9, HOXA10, CDH17, and loss of claudin-18 expression were associated with an intestinal phenotype of gastric cancer. Information obtained from transcriptome dissection greatly contributes to diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Library; Humans; Pathology, Clinical; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 19261089
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2009.02329.x -
Annals of Diagnostic Pathology Jun 1998Archibald Watson (1849-1940) was the inaugural Elder Professor of Anatomy at the University of Adelaide. He held the position from 1885 to 1919, having previously...
Archibald Watson (1849-1940) was the inaugural Elder Professor of Anatomy at the University of Adelaide. He held the position from 1885 to 1919, having previously trained in Gottingen, Paris, and London under some of the most eminent physicians of those times. Before he started his medical studies, he, Dr James Patrick Murray, and several others were involved in the kidnapping ("blackbirding") of Pacific Islanders (Kanakas) to work on South Sea cotton plantations. A number of the victims were killed. Watson and two others were charged with murder and remanded in Levuka to appear in Sydney. Watson absconded, traveled to Europe, and never stood trial; the other two were convicted and sentenced to death. Watson's life as an anatomist, surgeon, pathologist, member of the Adelaide Club, world traveler, Australian Army doctor during the Boer War and World War I, fisherman, and motorcyclist was full of interest and incidents. The events surrounding the autopsy he performed on a case of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva and the subsequent preservation of the skeleton in the Anatomy Museum of the University of Adelaide are described.
Topics: Anatomy; Australia; Crime; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Male; Myositis Ossificans; Pathology
PubMed: 9845740
DOI: 10.1016/s1092-9134(98)80008-7 -
International Journal of Cardiology Feb 2012Many are familiar with the parotid duct and the Danish physician/anatomist's name associated with it. However, most are unaware of Niels Stensen's life and his... (Review)
Review
"The heart is simply a muscle" and first description of the tetralogy of "Fallot". Early contributions to cardiac anatomy and pathology by bishop and anatomist Niels Stensen (1638-1686).
BACKGROUND
Many are familiar with the parotid duct and the Danish physician/anatomist's name associated with it. However, most are unaware of Niels Stensen's life and his significant contributions to the early study of the heart. For example, he found that the heart is simply muscle and was the first to describe what we now refer to as the tetralogy of Fallot.
METHODS
A review of germane literature regarding this pioneer of cardiac anatomy was performed.
CONCLUSIONS
This physician of the Medici court was clearly ahead of his time and found errors in the publications of such giants as Varolius and Willis. The tetralogy of Fallot should rightfully, be termed the tetralogy of Stensen. The present review discusses the life of this 17th century anatomist, physician and priest/bishop and highlights his contributions to cardiac anatomy and pathology.
Topics: Anatomy; Cardiology; History, 17th Century; Pathology; Tetralogy of Fallot
PubMed: 20965586
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.09.055 -
Journal of Veterinary Medical Education 2016Virtual microscopy using digitized slides has become more widespread in teaching in recent years. There have been no direct comparisons of the use of virtual microscopy... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Virtual microscopy using digitized slides has become more widespread in teaching in recent years. There have been no direct comparisons of the use of virtual microscopy and the use of microscopes and glass slides. Third-year veterinary students from two different schools completed a simple objective test, covering aspects of histology and histopathology, before and after a practical class covering relevant material presented as either glass slides viewed with a microscope or as digital slides. There was an overall improvement in performance by students at both veterinary schools using both practical formats. Neither format was consistently better than the other, and neither school consistently outperformed the other. In a comparison of student appraisal of use of digital slides and microscopes, the digital technology was identified as having many advantages.
Topics: Computer-Assisted Instruction; Education, Veterinary; Histology; Microscopy; Pathology
PubMed: 26752020
DOI: 10.3138/jvme.0315-035R1 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Nov 2008In the USA, the lack of processes standardisation in histopathology laboratories leads to less than optimal quality, errors, inefficiency and increased costs. The...
BACKGROUND
In the USA, the lack of processes standardisation in histopathology laboratories leads to less than optimal quality, errors, inefficiency and increased costs. The effectiveness of large-scale quality improvement initiatives has been evaluated rarely.
AIM
To measure the effect of implementation of a Lean quality improvement process on the efficiency and quality of a histopathology laboratory section.
METHODS
A non-concurrent interventional cohort study from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2006 was performed, and the Lean process was implemented on 1 January 2004. Also compared was the productivity of the Lean histopathology section to a sister histopathology section that did not implement Lean processes. Pre- and post-Lean specimen turnaround time and productivity ratios (work units/full time equivalents) were measured. For 200 Lean interventions, a 5-part Likert scale was used to assess the impact on error, success and complexity.
RESULTS
In the Lean laboratory, the mean monthly productivity ratio increased from 3439 to 4074 work units/full time equivalents (p<0.001) as the mean daily histopathology section specimen turnaround time decreased from 9.7 to 9.0 h (p = 0.01). The Lean histopathology section had a higher productivity ratio compared with a sister histopathology section (1598 work units/full time equivalents, p<0.001) that did not implement Lean processes. The mean impact, success and complexity of interventions were 2.4, 2.7 and 2.5, respectively. The mean number of specific error causes affected by individual interventions was 2.6.
CONCLUSION
It is concluded that Lean process implementation improved efficiency and quality in the histopathology section.
Topics: Cohort Studies; Diagnostic Errors; Efficiency, Organizational; Humans; Laboratories, Hospital; Pathology, Clinical; Pennsylvania; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Task Performance and Analysis
PubMed: 17675533
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2007.051326 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Nov 2018Diagnostic/interpretative accuracy can be challenging in anatomical pathology due to the subjective element of the diagnostic process. This can lead to false-negative or... (Review)
Review
AIMS
Diagnostic/interpretative accuracy can be challenging in anatomical pathology due to the subjective element of the diagnostic process. This can lead to false-negative or false-positive diagnoses of malignancy, variations in grading and diagnostic misclassification of a condition.It is imperative that an accurate diagnosis is achieved so that an appropriate and timely treatment is administered to the patient, for example, the success of targeted molecular therapeutic options for treatment of cancer is dependent on accurate anatomical pathology diagnoses being issued.
METHODS
A literature review of diagnostic accuracy in selected specimen categories was undertaken and was compared with data on metropolitan and regional pathologist diagnostic proficiency performance in an external quality assurance programme from surveys provided 2015-2017. For each specimen category, cases having attracted a diagnostic inaccuracy (ie, major discordance) of ≥20% and cases attracting a combined error rate (ie, major and minor discordance) of ≥30% are reviewed and discussed.
RESULTS
The rate of inaccurate diagnoses (assessed as a major discordance) ranged from 3% to 9% among the different specimen groups, with highest mean percentage of inaccurate diagnoses in gynaecology, dermatopathology and gastrointestinal specimens.
CONCLUSIONS
It was possible to ascertain that gynaecology, dermatopathology and gastrointestinal specimens had presented the greatest diagnostic challenge to the participant pathologists, determined as highest rate of diagnostic inaccuracy, that is, major discordance with respective case target diagnoses.Through a combination of routine second opinions, directed retrospective peer review and participation in appropriate external quality assurance schemes, the risk associated with these diagnoses can be minimised.
Topics: Anatomy; Diagnostic Errors; False Negative Reactions; False Positive Reactions; Humans; Laboratory Proficiency Testing; Observer Variation; Pathology; Predictive Value of Tests; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Quality Control; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Referral and Consultation; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 30068638
DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205226 -
Romanian Journal of Morphology and...Telepathology has left its childhood. Its technical development is mature, and its use for primary (frozen section) and secondary (expert consultation) diagnosis has... (Review)
Review
Telepathology has left its childhood. Its technical development is mature, and its use for primary (frozen section) and secondary (expert consultation) diagnosis has been expanded to a great amount. This is in contrast to a virtual pathology laboratory, which is still under technical constraints. Similar to telepathology, which can also be used for e-learning and e-training in pathology, as exemplarily is demonstrated on Digital Lung Pathology ([email protected]) at least two kinds of virtual pathology laboratories will be implemented in the near future: a) those with distributed pathologists and distributed (> or = 1) laboratories associated to individual biopsy stations/surgical theatres, and b) distributed pathologists (usually situated in one institution) and a centralized laboratory, which digitizes complete histological slides. Both scenarios are under intensive technical investigations. The features of virtual pathology comprise a virtual pathology institution (mode a) that accepts a complete case with the patient's history, clinical findings, and (pre-selected) images for first diagnosis. The diagnostic responsibility is that of a conventional institution. The Internet serves as platform for information transfer, and an open server such as the iPATH (http://telepath.patho.unibas.ch) for coordination and performance of the diagnostic procedure. The size and number of transferred images have to be limited, and usual different magnifications have to be used. The sender needs to possess experiences in image sampling techniques, which present with the most significant information. A group of pathologists is "on duty", or selects one member for a predefined duty period. The diagnostic statement of the pathologist(s) on duty is retransmitted to the sender with full responsibility. The first experiences of a virtual pathology institution group working with the iPATH server working with a small hospital of the Salomon islands are promising. A centralized virtual pathology institution (mode b) depends upon the digitalization of a complete slide, and the transfer of large sized images to different pathologists working in one institution. The technical performance of complete slide digitalization is still under development. Virtual pathology can be combined with e-learning and e-training, that will serve for a powerful daily-work-integrated pathology system. At present, e-learning systems are "stand-alone" solutions distributed on CD or via Internet. A characteristic example is the Digital Lung Pathology CD, which includes about 60 different rare and common lung diseases with some features of electronic communication. These features include access to scientific library systems (PubMed), distant measurement servers (EuroQuant), automated immunohisto-chemistry measurements, or electronic journals (Elec J Pathol Histol, www.pathology-online.org). It combines e-learning and e-training with some acoustic support. A new and complete database based upon this CD will combine e-learning and e-teaching with the actual workflow in a virtual pathology institution (mode a). The technological problems are solved and do not depend upon technical constraints such as slide scanning systems. At present, telepathology serves as promoter for a complete new landscape in diagnostic pathology, the so-called virtual pathology institution. Industrial and scientific efforts will probably allow an implementation of this technique within the next two years with exciting diagnostic and scientific perspectives.
Topics: Computer Communication Networks; Computer-Assisted Instruction; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Internet; Lung; Lung Diseases; Pathology, Clinical; Telepathology
PubMed: 15847374
DOI: No ID Found -
Toxicologic Pathology Apr 2023Toxicologic/veterinary pathologists are working remotely from Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) test facilities (TFs) in increasing numbers, most commonly in home-office...
Toxicologic/veterinary pathologists are working remotely from Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) test facilities (TFs) in increasing numbers, most commonly in home-office settings. A study pathologist (SP) generating data on GLP-compliant nonclinical studies must be keenly aware of applicable national GLP regulations and comply with TF and protocol requirements. This Toxicological Pathology Forum Opinion Piece will summarize primary areas of emphasis for the SP generating GLP data using glass slides. Peer review and digital review of whole slide images are out of scope for this opinion piece. Key GLP considerations for primary pathology on glass slides are discussed with respect to SP location and employment status, including pathologist qualifications, specimen management, facilities, equipment, archive, and quality assurance. Notable differences between national GLP regulations of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, France, Ireland, Switzerland, Italy, and Israel are presented. With the understanding that each combination of location and employment is unique, the authors provide a general overview of considerations for successful remote GLP work.
Topics: Humans; Laboratories; Pathologists; Pathology; Peer Review; United States
PubMed: 37098701
DOI: 10.1177/01926233231168133