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Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Jun 2022In the oncologic setting, misinterpretation of fluid in pericardial recesses as mediastinal adenopathy or benign pericardial findings as malignant can lead to inaccurate...
In the oncologic setting, misinterpretation of fluid in pericardial recesses as mediastinal adenopathy or benign pericardial findings as malignant can lead to inaccurate staging and inappropriate management. Knowledge of normal pericardial anatomy, imaging features to differentiate fluid in pericardial sinuses and recesses from mediastinal adenopathy and potential pitfalls in imaging of the pericardium on CT and PET/CT is important to avoid misinterpretation.
Topics: Heart Diseases; Humans; Lymphadenopathy; Mediastinal Diseases; Pericardium; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35688531
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2022.01.001 -
Herz Dec 2000Recent capability to enter the normal effusion-free pericardium has expanded intrapericardial therapy which was formerly restricted to patients with effusive pericardial... (Review)
Review
Recent capability to enter the normal effusion-free pericardium has expanded intrapericardial therapy which was formerly restricted to patients with effusive pericardial disease, to intrapericardial treatment of cardiac diseases of all kinds. It is now possible to deposit in the intact pericardium a variety of therapeutic agents targeting the myocardium, valves, conduction system and even the endocardium. In addition to such specific agents, the unique microphysiology of the pericardial mesothelium provides investigators with 2 entirely new applications of intrapericardial therapy: 1. supplementing substances like prostanoids and a variety of immune factors, and 2. stimulating pericardial production of such products of metabolism, e.g., superfusion of the normal pericardium by non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents to stimulate prostanoid production with a variety of effects including possible inhibition of coronary thrombosis. Continuing research and development should determine the precise roles of these new applications in human medicine.
Topics: Cardiovascular Agents; Epithelium; Heart Diseases; Hemodynamics; Humans; Pericardium
PubMed: 11200118
DOI: 10.1007/pl00001988 -
Khirurgiia 2001By 2000 there have been at least 187 cases of rare pericardial malformations (of them there were 5 cases of the authors) and 1047 cases of celomic pericardial cysts... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
By 2000 there have been at least 187 cases of rare pericardial malformations (of them there were 5 cases of the authors) and 1047 cases of celomic pericardial cysts (CPC) (43 cases of the authors) in the literature. Of them 18 (9.6%) patients were found to have no pericardium, the absence of its left half was in 76 (40.6%). No left pericardium was more common in men (61.04%) than in women (38.96%). The literature reports about the absence of the right pericardium only in one case. Partial pericardial defects were encountered in 30.48% of patients with rare pericardial malformations. In general, malformations in the left pericardium were 10 times more common often than those in the right one. The absence of the pericardium or its half most commonly requires no surgical correction. In partial defects, suturing or plastic closure must be performed due to a risk for strangulation and a possible fatal outcome. CPC are not clinically manifested in more than 50% of the patients with CPC, but in some cases dyspnea, dry cough, palpitation may be caused by other causes. Cystectomy yields good results.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Cyst; Middle Aged; Pericardium; Radiography, Thoracic; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 11505666
DOI: No ID Found -
Revue de Pneumologie Clinique Dec 2014
Review
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Cardiac Tamponade; Drainage; Humans; Male; Pericardium; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25457223
DOI: 10.1016/j.pneumo.2014.07.003 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasms; Pericardium; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 35915326
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-022-03057-7 -
Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal May 2021
Topics: Adult; Echocardiography; Humans; Pericardium
PubMed: 34221487
DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2021.21.02.028 -
Topics in Magnetic Resonance Imaging :... 1995The pericardium is well visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of the superb contrast resolution and multiplanar capability of the technique. This... (Review)
Review
The pericardium is well visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of the superb contrast resolution and multiplanar capability of the technique. This article highlights some of the clinical uses of MRI in evaluating the pericardium and provides comparison with echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) scan. Specific pericardial diseases that are described include pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis, neoplastic pericardial disease, congenital abnormalities of the pericardium, and paracardiac masses. The value of MRI in differentiating constrictive pericarditis from restrictive cardiomyopathy is emphasized. The article discusses the impact of newer MRI techniques such as cine MRI on the assessment of pericardial disease.
Topics: Heart Diseases; Heart Neoplasms; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Pericardial Effusion; Pericarditis, Constrictive; Pericardium
PubMed: 8534496
DOI: No ID Found -
Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal 2023Congenital absence of the pericardium is a rare anomaly, affecting the left pericardium (86%) more than the right, with male predilection distribution (3:1). In the...
Congenital absence of the pericardium is a rare anomaly, affecting the left pericardium (86%) more than the right, with male predilection distribution (3:1). In the majority of cases, the condition is asymptomatic. We describe a case of a 55-year-old female with a history of chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to restrictive lung disease who was referred to cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) lab for shunt evaluation based on right ventricular pressure overload and paradoxical septal motion.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pericardium; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 37213871
DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1232 -
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in... Feb 2020The epicardium, the outermost tissue layer that envelops all vertebrate hearts, plays a crucial role in cardiac development and regeneration and has been implicated in... (Review)
Review
The epicardium, the outermost tissue layer that envelops all vertebrate hearts, plays a crucial role in cardiac development and regeneration and has been implicated in potential strategies for cardiac repair. The heterogenous cell population that composes the epicardium originates primarily from a transient embryonic cell cluster known as the proepicardial organ (PE). Characterized by its high cellular plasticity, the epicardium contributes to both heart development and regeneration in two critical ways: as a source of progenitor cells and as a critical signaling hub. Despite this knowledge, there are many unanswered questions in the field of epicardial biology, the resolution of which will advance the understanding of cardiac development and repair. We review current knowledge in cross-species epicardial involvement, specifically in relation to lineage specification and differentiation during cardiac development.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Pericardium; Regeneration; Stem Cells
PubMed: 31451510
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037192 -
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Sep 2000Congenital foramen of the left parietal pericardium is uncommon. The condition has the potential to cause angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or even death.... (Review)
Review
Congenital foramen of the left parietal pericardium is uncommon. The condition has the potential to cause angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or even death. Forty-three confirmed cases have been retrieved from the English language literature, and a case report of "life-threatening" herniation of the heart is here added. The diagnosis, made at a mean age of 20 years (range 2 to 48), was five times more common in men. In 5 fatal cases, the heart had become incarcerated. In the remainder of cases, one-third were asymptomatic, and two-thirds suffered a chest complaint that prompted diagnosis. Chest discomfort, dyspnea, and syncope were the most common symptoms. The most common finding at surgery, which 34 patients underwent, was a foramen at the base of the heart through which the left atrial appendage had herniated. In eight instances, the rim of the defect lay upon and compressed the coronary circulation. Measures to remedy the disorder have included a variety of operations, some to enlarge the defect, others to close it, amputation of the atrial appendage, and, in two cases, myocardial revascularization. Surgery is appropriate in the majority of symptomatic patients and in all who are at risk for ventricular herniation.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Pericardium; Radiography, Thoracic
PubMed: 11016358
DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(00)01287-x