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Dental Traumatology : Official... Feb 2012Healing subsequent to dental trauma is known to be very complex, a result explained by the variability of the types of dental trauma (six luxations, nine fracture types,... (Review)
Review
Healing subsequent to dental trauma is known to be very complex, a result explained by the variability of the types of dental trauma (six luxations, nine fracture types, and their combinations). On top of that, at least 16 different cellular systems get involved in more severe trauma types each of them with a different potential for healing with repair, i.e. (re-establishment of tissue continuity without functional restitution) and regeneration (where the injured or lost tissue is replaced with new tissue with identical tissue anatomy and function) and finally metaplasia (where a new type of tissue replaces the injured). In this study, a review is given of the impact of trauma to various dental tissues such as alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum, Hertvigs epithelial root sheath, and the pulp.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Dental Cementum; Dental Pulp; Humans; Metaplasia; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium; Regeneration; Tooth Injuries; Tooth Root; Wound Healing
PubMed: 21933343
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2011.01058.x -
Tandlaegebladet Nov 1953
Topics: Giant Cell Tumors; Gingival Diseases; Humans; Neoplasms; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium
PubMed: 13135972
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering Mar 2021The periodontal biomechanical environment is very difficult to investigate. By the complex geometry and composition of the periodontal ligament (PDL), its mechanical...
The periodontal biomechanical environment is very difficult to investigate. By the complex geometry and composition of the periodontal ligament (PDL), its mechanical behavior is very dependent on the type of loading (compressive versus tensile loading; static versus cyclic loading; uniaxial versus multiaxial) and the location around the root (cervical, middle, or apical). These different aspects of the PDL make it difficult to develop a functional biomaterial to treat periodontal attachment due to periodontal diseases. This review aims to describe the structural and biomechanical properties of the PDL. Particular importance is placed in the close interrelationship that exists between structure and biomechanics: the PDL structural organization is specific to its biomechanical environment, and its biomechanical properties are specific to its structural arrangement. This balance between structure and biomechanics can be explained by a mechanosensitive periodontal cellular activity. These specifications have to be considered in the further tissue engineering strategies for the development of an efficient biomaterial for periodontal tissues regeneration.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Periodontal Ligament
PubMed: 33067629
DOI: 10.1115/1.4048810 -
Monographs in Oral Science 1972
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Dentition; Disease Models, Animal; Haplorhini; Hormones; Intestinal Absorption; Malabsorption Syndromes; Metals; Nutrition Disorders; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontitis; Periodontium; Saliva; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 4197040
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Jul 1991The biological principle of "guided tissue regeneration" (GTR) was developed for regenerating periodontal tissues, lost as a result of periodontal disease. This... (Review)
Review
The biological principle of "guided tissue regeneration" (GTR) was developed for regenerating periodontal tissues, lost as a result of periodontal disease. This principle was based on the hypothesis that non-desirable types of tissue cells can be prevented from migrating into a wound by means of a membrane barrier and at the same time giving preference to those particular cells to repopulate the wound, which have the capacity to regenerate the desired type of tissue. This principle may have its application in many areas of surgery, aimed at regeneration of lost tissues. One such area is osseous surgery aimed at bone regeneration. In the present paper, a series of experiments in laboratory animals using the method of GTR for regeneration of various types of bone defects are presented as well as examples of application in humans for regeneration of jaw bone defects in conjunction with the placement of dental implants.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Animals; Bone Regeneration; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament
PubMed: 1890234
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1991.tb02322.x -
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Feb 2013Translational Medicine is an evolutional concept that encompasses the rapid translation of basic research for use in clinical disease diagnosis, prevention, treatment... (Review)
Review
Translational Medicine is an evolutional concept that encompasses the rapid translation of basic research for use in clinical disease diagnosis, prevention, treatment and finally in public health promotion. It follows the idea "from bench to bedside and back", and hence relies on cooperation between laboratory research and clinical care. Translation process is a complex process that requires both research and non-research activities. During the past ten years, there has been intense interest in the development of new clinical procedures, therapeutic molecules, and prototypes based on translational medicine concept including dentistry. Periodontitis is a globally prevalent inflammatory disease that causes the destruction of the tooth supporting apparatus. Current methods to reconstitute lost periodontal structures have been shown to have limited and variable outcomes. Stem cell therapy can be used for periodontal regeneration and it is also one of the hot topics in translational regenerative medicine. In this article, recent advances and current status of translational medicine in stem cell therapy in periodontal regeneration field were reviewed. However, a number of biological, technical and clinical hurdles must be overcome before stem cell therapy could be used in clinics.
Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium; Regeneration; Stem Cell Transplantation; Stem Cells; Tissue Engineering; Translational Research, Biomedical
PubMed: 23411539
DOI: No ID Found -
The International Journal of... 2020The relationship between attachment loss and occlusal trauma has been debated for many years. When a patient presents with advanced periodontal disease, a decision has...
The relationship between attachment loss and occlusal trauma has been debated for many years. When a patient presents with advanced periodontal disease, a decision has to be made on whether the teeth can be saved or extracted. In this treatment example, the decision process in therapeutic planning for a patient with stage IV periodontal disease is discussed. The main dilemma is whether the patient should receive a prosthodontic reconstruction supported by osseointegrated implants or by periodontally compromised natural teeth. It is assumed that implants do better than teeth over the long term based on firm documentation in the literature, but this article describes why a periodontal prosthesis is still a viable treatment option.
Topics: Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium; Tooth
PubMed: 32925995
DOI: 10.11607/prd.4585 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta.... May 2018Jaw discrepancies and malrelations affect a large proportion of the general population and their treatment is of utmost significance for individuals' health and quality... (Review)
Review
Jaw discrepancies and malrelations affect a large proportion of the general population and their treatment is of utmost significance for individuals' health and quality of life. The aim of their therapy is the modification of aberrant jaw development mainly by targeting the growth potential of the mandibular condyle through its cartilage, and the architectural shape of alveolar bone through a suture type of structure, the periodontal ligament. This targeted treatment is achieved via external mechanical force application by using a wide variety of intraoral and extraoral appliances. Condylar cartilage and sutures exhibit a remarkable plasticity due to the mechano-responsiveness of the chondrocytes and the multipotent mesenchymal cells of the sutures. The tissues respond biologically and adapt to mechanical force application by a variety of signaling pathways and a final interplay between the proliferative activity and the differentiation status of the cells involved. These targeted therapeutic functional alterations within temporo-mandibular joint ultimately result in the enhancement or restriction of mandibular growth, while within the periodontal ligament lead to bone remodeling and change of its architectural structure. Depending on the form of the malrelation presented, the above treatment approaches, in conjunction or separately, lead to the total correction of jaw discrepancies and the achievement of facial harmony and function. Overall, the treatment of craniofacial and jaw anomalies can be seen as an interplay of mechanical forces and adaptations occurring within temporo-mandibular joint and alveolar bone. The aim of the present review is to present up-to-date knowledge on the mechano-biology behind jaw growth modification and alveolar bone remodeling. Furthermore, future molecular targeted therapeutic strategies are discussed aiming at the improvement of mechanically-driven chondrogenesis and osteogenesis.
Topics: Animals; Bone Remodeling; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Mandible; Mandibular Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Stress, Mechanical; Temporomandibular Joint
PubMed: 29454076
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.007 -
International Journal of Paleopathology Dec 2016Estimating an individual's age at death is essential for post-mortem identification, paleopathology and paleodemography. With substantial development over the past 10...
Estimating an individual's age at death is essential for post-mortem identification, paleopathology and paleodemography. With substantial development over the past 10 years in cementochronology analyses, some concerns have arisen that oral pathological conditions may artificially reduce or increase cementum apposition. The objective of this study was to observed the impact of periodontal disease on acellular cementum and on the reliability of cementochronology to test its accuracy for estimating individual age at death. The study included 41 teeth presenting different degrees of bone destruction, extracted from 18 individuals affected by untreated periodontal disease. The results demonstrated that the degree of alveolysis had only limited effects on the counting of cementum annulations in the middle (r=0.92, p<0.01 between estimated and civil age) and the cervical (r=0.85, p<0.01) thirds of the root, whereas in the apical third, the increments were affected considerably. This cementum reactive process compensates for bone destruction and loss of the attachment apparatus. These data suggest that cementum could continue to grow at a slower rate despite bone destruction due to periodontal disease. Cementochronology can thus be applied to teeth with a damaged periodontium by sectioning the middle third of the root.
Topics: Age Determination by Teeth; Dental Cementum; Humans; Paleontology; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Ligament; Periodontium; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 29539547
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2015.09.004 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Nov 2006Molecules produced in various diseased tissues, or drugs and nutrients consumed regularly by patients, can reach the mechanically stressed paradental tissues through the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Molecules produced in various diseased tissues, or drugs and nutrients consumed regularly by patients, can reach the mechanically stressed paradental tissues through the circulation, and interact with local target cells. The combined effect of mechanical forces and one or more of these agents may be inhibitory, additive or synergistic. The objective of this review is to outline the mechanisms of action and effects of some commonly used drugs on tissue remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement.
DESIGN
All the existing published literature on the effects of various drugs that are prescribed by orthodontists, which are consumed by patients for systemic diseases and those that are known to promote and retard the tooth movement process was obtained and subjected to thorough review process.
RESULTS
All the drugs reviewed have therapeutic effects, as well as side effects, that may influence the cells targeted by orthodontic forces. Therefore, it is imperative that the orthodontist pays close attention to the drug consumption history of each and every patient, before and during the course of orthodontic treatment. When the use of drugs is revealed, their effects and side effects on tissue systems should be explored, to determine their potential influence on the outcome of mechanotherapy.
CONCLUSION
Drug-consumption history must be an integral part of every orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plan.
Topics: Animals; Bone Remodeling; Dental Stress Analysis; Drug Interactions; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Humans; Periodontal Ligament; Pregnancy; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 17101023
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-6343.2006.00372.x