-
International Ophthalmology Dec 2015Virgil's plague of the ancient world, Bacillus anthracis, is rare in developed nations. Unfortunately rural communities across the globe continue to be exposed to this... (Review)
Review
Virgil's plague of the ancient world, Bacillus anthracis, is rare in developed nations. Unfortunately rural communities across the globe continue to be exposed to this potentially lethal bacterium. Herein we report a case of periorbital cutaneous anthrax infection in a 3-year-old girl from the rural area surrounding Harare, Zimbabwe with a brief review of the literature.
Topics: Anthrax; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cellulitis; Child, Preschool; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Humans; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 25763844
DOI: 10.1007/s10792-015-0057-7 -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive... 2017Mucormycosis is an aggressive fungal infection characterized by rapidly progressive angioinvasion and tissue necrosis. When present in the orbit, mucormycosis can...
Mucormycosis is an aggressive fungal infection characterized by rapidly progressive angioinvasion and tissue necrosis. When present in the orbit, mucormycosis can quickly lead to permanent visual loss and potentially fatal cerebral extension. Orbital involvement is almost universally preceded by infection of the paranasal sinuses. Secondary infection of the orbit via direct extension of neighboring cutaneous mucormycosis has not been previously described. The authors present a case of cutaneous mucormycosis with orbital extension in a poorly controlled diabetic patient.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Debridement; Eye Infections, Fungal; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Mucormycosis; Orbital Diseases; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25853503
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000000466 -
Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology 1977Sixty-seven cases of orbital cellulitis from BGSM are reported and 247 cases from the literature reviewed. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen except in...
Sixty-seven cases of orbital cellulitis from BGSM are reported and 247 cases from the literature reviewed. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen except in the age group from three months to three years where a significant number of cases yielded Hemophilus influenzae and Diplococcus pneumoniae. The frequent association of paranasal sinus involvement and orbital cellulitis has been confirmed. Orbital cellulitis is a multifaceted disease which, for proper management, requires close cooperation among pediatricians, ophthalmologists, and nursing service as a multidisciplinary approach for optimal therapy and decreased frequency of complications and sequelae.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Bacterial Infections; Cellulitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fever; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Infant; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Orbit; Sinusitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections
PubMed: 604442
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Sep 2022
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cellulitis; Humans; Male
PubMed: 36179341
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab788 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Feb 2023Periorbital necrotizing fasciitis (PNF) is a rare complication of bacterial infection, associated with irreversible inflammatory destruction of soft tissues like...
BACKGROUND
Periorbital necrotizing fasciitis (PNF) is a rare complication of bacterial infection, associated with irreversible inflammatory destruction of soft tissues like subcutaneous tissue and superficial fascia. PNF can cause visual loss, septic shock and death within hours to days. Since the infection progresses rapidly from a local disease to septic shock, prompt identification and decisive interventions are mandatory.
AIM
Considering pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment options, we report a case of PNF and its outcome.
METHODS
A 69 years old male with febrile periorbital swelling had been diagnosed with bilateral PNF, caused by dual infection with Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) based on conjunctival swabs.
RESULTS
The superantigens produced by S. pyogenes have been identified as key to the rapid dissemination of infection and severity of systemic manifestations.
CONCLUSION
A combination of intravenous antibiotics and regular surgical debridements resulted in a beneficial outcome in our patient.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Streptococcal Infections; Shock, Septic; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 35404751
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2032190 -
Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago,... Feb 2012
Topics: Child; Databases, Factual; Diplopia; Eye Infections; Female; Geography; Health Care Costs; Hospitalization; Humans; Length of Stay; Male; Orbital Cellulitis; Risk Factors; United States
PubMed: 22332218
DOI: 10.1001/archopthalmol.2011.1741 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Jan 2012Necrotising fasciitis is a rare severe infection of the soft tissues and deep fascia, which is associated with a significant level of mortality. Involvement of the head... (Review)
Review
Necrotising fasciitis is a rare severe infection of the soft tissues and deep fascia, which is associated with a significant level of mortality. Involvement of the head and neck is uncommon, and necrotising fasciitis of the periorbital area even rarer. We present a case of bilateral periorbital necrotising fasciitis following shingles in an otherwise healthy immunocompetent patient.
Topics: Acyclovir; Debridement; Eye Infections, Viral; Eyelid Diseases; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Herpes Zoster; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Middle Aged; Rare Diseases; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21788161
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.06.034 -
Archivos de La Sociedad Espanola de... May 2019An 80 year-old woman with no relevant medical history, consulted for worsening of right palpebral itching and pain after an insect bite. Her eyelids had areas of...
An 80 year-old woman with no relevant medical history, consulted for worsening of right palpebral itching and pain after an insect bite. Her eyelids had areas of laceration due to scratching, which rapidly progressed to fibrinoid necrosis over the first 24hours. Lesions were cultivated, revealing Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. The patient was admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of periorbital necrotising fasciitis, in order to receive treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone, linezolid, and immediate surgical debridement. She remained in hospital for 17 days. Daily wound management consisted of debridement of necrotic remains, disinfection with chlorhexidine, and wound dressing with mupirocin, sulfadiazine, and miconazole ointments. The patient suffered streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, but she recovered over the first week. Palpebral reconstruction was performed on day 15, consisting of a preauricular total thickness skin graft for the superior eyelid, and lateral malar advancement to cover the lower eyelid. Adequate cosmetic and functional results were obtained.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Debridement; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Female; Humans; Insect Bites and Stings; Lacerations; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes
PubMed: 30733068
DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2019.01.005 -
Annals of Plastic Surgery Oct 1993We report traumatic necrotizing periorbital cellulitis attributed to group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in a 4-year-old child. The infection was successfully treated...
We report traumatic necrotizing periorbital cellulitis attributed to group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in a 4-year-old child. The infection was successfully treated via surgical cleansing, drainage, and grafting. The virulence of this organism requires an aggressive approach to the patient with periorbital cellulitis, which is refractory to intravenous antibiotics. Early treatment may limit extensive eyelid necrosis, the resultant secondary deformity, and the need for multiple reconstructive procedures.
Topics: Cellulitis; Child, Preschool; Debridement; Eyelid Diseases; Eyelids; Female; Humans; Necrosis; Skin Transplantation; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus pyogenes; Therapeutic Irrigation
PubMed: 8239439
DOI: 10.1097/00000637-199310000-00015 -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive... 2014Ecthyma gangrenosum is a cutaneous manifestation of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection that is extremely rare in the periorbital region. The authors present a... (Review)
Review
Ecthyma gangrenosum is a cutaneous manifestation of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection that is extremely rare in the periorbital region. The authors present a 48-year-old woman with a newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia with necrosis of her bilateral upper and lower eyelids and the lacrimal system. Following treatment with intravenous antibiotic and surgical debridement with delayed reconstruction, the patient had healed well.
Topics: Acetamides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Debridement; Ecthyma; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Eyelid Diseases; Eyelids; Female; Humans; Lacrimal Apparatus; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; Linezolid; Meropenem; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Oxazolidinones; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Thienamycins; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24317102
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0b013e3182a6504a