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JAMA Ophthalmology Jan 2017
Topics: Abscess; Acute Disease; Administration, Oral; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dacryocystitis; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Middle Aged; Orbit; Outpatients; Staphylococcal Infections; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27832246
DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2016.2743 -
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Oct 1998Orbital infections and inflammations present to the clinician with similar findings: periorbital edema, erythema, proptosis, and pain. History and clinical examination... (Review)
Review
Orbital infections and inflammations present to the clinician with similar findings: periorbital edema, erythema, proptosis, and pain. History and clinical examination determine the work-up required to better define the disease process. Orbital infections continue to be associated primarily with diseases of the paranasal sinuses. Haemophilus influenza type B is no longer a significant pathogen, because of an effective vaccine. Fungal infections extending to the orbit are becoming more frequent due to the prevalence of immunocompromised patients. Orbital inflammations continue to be poorly understood, and an adequate classification scheme does not exist. Corticosteroids continue to be the preferred initial treatment, with the roles of radiation and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications to be determined. Specific causes of orbital inflammation such as Wegener granulomatosis must be considered to prevent potentially life-threatening complications.
Topics: Cellulitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Eye Infections; Humans; Myositis; Orbital Diseases; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 10387481
DOI: 10.1097/00055735-199810000-00009 -
Mycoses 1997Invasive aspergillosis has increasingly been recognised to cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Fever unresponsive to broad-spectrum... (Review)
Review
Invasive aspergillosis has increasingly been recognised to cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Fever unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics is the earliest and most common sign of an invasive fungal infection. As invasive Aspergillus infections are usually acquired by inhalation of Aspergillus conidia, symptoms of a pulmonary infection such as cough, rales and marked pleuritic chest pain can be noted early in the course, whereas hemoptysis typically comes late after neutrophil recovery. Aspergillus infections of the upper respiratory tract may also involve the nasal cavity or sinuses resulting in nasal obstruction, epistaxis, facial pain, periorbital swelling and even palate destruction. Primary cutaneous infections present as non-purulent ulcerations and may be seen in association with implantable intravenous devices. Other sites of infections, such as the central nervous system, originate from dissemination of molds and may be suspected when focal neurological findings or meningism develop. The recognition of symptoms associated with invasive aspergillosis in patients at risk should prompt further diagnostic procedures, as an early diagnosis and immediate institution of antifungal therapy might improve the treatment outcome in this life-threatening condition.
Topics: Aspergillosis; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Leukemia; Lung Diseases, Fungal; Palate; Sinusitis
PubMed: 9476500
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1997.tb00559.x -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2006To report on the successful treatment of periorbital zygomycosis (mucormycosis) with posaconazole, a broad-spectrum oral antifungal available for compassionate use.
PURPOSE
To report on the successful treatment of periorbital zygomycosis (mucormycosis) with posaconazole, a broad-spectrum oral antifungal available for compassionate use.
DESIGN
Interventional case report.
METHODS
Review of a medical record.
RESULTS
A 22-year-old male undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia presented with periorbital cellulitis attributable to Rhizopus. The patient was initially treated with liposomal amphotericin B, surgical debridement, and reversal of immune compromise. The patient was switched to posaconazole because of amphotericin side effects and lack of improvement. He took posaconazole for five months while undergoing additional cycles of chemotherapy. Despite recurrent profound neutropenia, the periorbital infection resolved, he tolerated reconstructive procedures, and he did not develop orbital invasion. His Rhizopus isolate was highly susceptible to posaconazole in vitro.
CONCLUSIONS
Drug toxicities can limit the use of amphotericin in some patients with zygomycosis. Posaconazole shows promise as an alternative antifungal agent in the treatment of periorbital zygomycosis.
Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Eye Infections, Fungal; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mucormycosis; Orbital Diseases; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Rhizopus; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Triazoles
PubMed: 16815283
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.02.053 -
Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive...A 34-year-old man presented with recurrent bilateral periorbital swelling and pain for 16 years after receiving facial fillers of an unknown substance in a hotel room...
A 34-year-old man presented with recurrent bilateral periorbital swelling and pain for 16 years after receiving facial fillers of an unknown substance in a hotel room from a stranger claiming to work in a medical office. Exam demonstrated a firm, mildly tender nodule along the right upper cheek. Imaging revealed a tubular hyperdensity in the right premaxillary soft tissues. Lower eyelid and upper cheek dissection resulted in retrieval of a tubular metallic foreign body consistent with a needle. Histopathology of surrounding tissue demonstrated iron deposition with granulomatous inflammation. Periocular fillers are a common aesthetic procedure. Although generally well-tolerated, complications include inflammatory reactions, infection, necrosis, and vision loss. This case highlights retention of a metallic foreign body, a complication of filler injection that has not been previously reported, emphasizing the importance of careful injection technique by licensed professionals and imaging and surgical exploration if a foreign body is suspected.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Eye Diseases; Foreign Bodies; Face; Inflammation; Cellulitis; Edema; Dermal Fillers; Cosmetic Techniques
PubMed: 36700871
DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000002274 -
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology.... Jun 2021
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Conservative Treatment; Fasciitis, Necrotizing; Humans; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 33160919
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2020.10.011 -
Pediatric Infectious Disease 1982The terms periorbital (preseptal) and orbital cellulitis are often used interchangeably, obscuring important differences in their pathogenesis, bacterial etiology,...
The terms periorbital (preseptal) and orbital cellulitis are often used interchangeably, obscuring important differences in their pathogenesis, bacterial etiology, clinical presentation and appropriate therapy. A review of 56 cases of periorbital cellulitis indicated that the patients could be divided into three groups: Group 1, cases secondary to paranasal sinusitis, more correctly termed inflammatory edema because the periorbital swelling is due to venous obstruction (a specific bacterial etiology is rarely documented in these patients because aspiration and culture of the sinuses are usually not performed and the infection is not associated with bacterial invasion of either the soft tissue or the blood stream); Group 2, cases associated with disruption of local skin integrity which are usually due to Staphylococcus aureus or Group A streptococci; and Group 3, cases associated with bacteremia usually occurring in infants and young children without other apparent foci of infection and caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Actual infection of the orbital contents (orbital cellulitis or abscess), marked by proptosis and ophthalmoplegia, is rare and is due either to advanced purulent sinusitis or to penetrating orbital trauma.
Topics: Adolescent; Bacterial Infections; Cellulitis; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis, Differential; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Infant; Orbital Diseases; Pneumococcal Infections; Sinusitis
PubMed: 7177909
DOI: 10.1097/00006454-198203000-00005 -
Infection Oct 2013We report here three cases of facial and eyelid oedema that revealed a primary infection of EBV in young adults. Primary EBV infection associated with periorbial eyelid...
We report here three cases of facial and eyelid oedema that revealed a primary infection of EBV in young adults. Primary EBV infection associated with periorbial eyelid oedema has rarely been reported in adults so far, to the best of our knowledge.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Edema; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Eyelid Diseases; Face; Female; Humans
PubMed: 23784199
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-013-0487-y -
Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2009Tuberculosis is an endemic disease in developing countries which may involve various organs. Soft tissue involvement including periorbital tissues is very rare, and...
BACKGROUND
Tuberculosis is an endemic disease in developing countries which may involve various organs. Soft tissue involvement including periorbital tissues is very rare, and often this involvement is accompanied by the involvement of other body organs such as lungs. Most of the patients suffering from periorbital infections have underlying diseases and diagnosis of these infections without concomitant involvement of other parts of body is often complex.
CASE PRESENTATION
In this paper, a periorbital tuberculous infection is described. A 17-year-old male with chronic periorbital mass underwent surgical and medical treatment and the mass recurred. Culture and microscopic studies of the specimen showed mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was treated for a periorbital tuberculous infection for a 6-month period with antituberculous regimen and was cured.
CONCLUSION
Periorbital tuberculous infection may occur in the absence of underlying factors or active tuberculosis in the rest of the body organs or a history of tuberculosis infection.
Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Antitubercular Agents; Developing Countries; Drainage; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Iran; Male; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Orbital Diseases; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 19839903
DOI: 10.1080/01676830902732768 -
American Journal of Diseases of... Aug 1986
Topics: Adenoviridae Infections; Adenovirus Infections, Human; Cellulitis; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male
PubMed: 3014863
DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1986.02140220027023