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Clinical Neurosurgery 1970
Review
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Dogs; Graft Rejection; Histocompatibility; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Leukocyte Count; Male; Methods; Peripheral Nerves; Radiation Effects; Rats; Serotyping; Tissue Banks; Transplantation, Autologous; Transplantation, Heterologous; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 4939478
DOI: 10.1093/neurosurgery/17.cn_suppl_1.126 -
Bulletin of the Hospital For Joint... Jan 2017Peripheral nerve injuries following trauma present an ongoing challenge to the hand surgeon. This review presents an overview of the topic with a historical perspective.... (Review)
Review
Peripheral nerve injuries following trauma present an ongoing challenge to the hand surgeon. This review presents an overview of the topic with a historical perspective. Nerve anatomy and nerve injury classifications are discussed followed by a description of the biology of nerve regeneration. Methods used to bridge gaps in peripheral nerve repair are discussed in detail with a critical appraisal of the most recent literature. Recommendations for surgical treatment are formulated based on evidence-based medicine.
Topics: Animals; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Nerve Regeneration; Neurosurgical Procedures; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28214463
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Opinion in Biotechnology Oct 2013Current approaches for treating peripheral nerve injury have resulted in promising, yet insufficient functional recovery compared to the clinical standard of care,... (Review)
Review
Current approaches for treating peripheral nerve injury have resulted in promising, yet insufficient functional recovery compared to the clinical standard of care, autologous nerve grafts. In order to design a construct that can match the regenerative potential of the autograft, all facets of nerve tissue must be incorporated in a combinatorial therapy. Engineered biomaterial scaffolds in the future will have to promote enhanced regeneration and appropriate reinnervation by targeting the highly sensitive response of regenerating nerves to their surrounding microenvironment.
Topics: Animals; Axons; Biocompatible Materials; Electric Stimulation; Guided Tissue Regeneration; Humans; Nerve Regeneration; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
PubMed: 23790730
DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.006 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2021Peripheral nerves are highly susceptible to injuries induced from everyday activities such as falling or work and sport accidents as well as more severe incidents such... (Review)
Review
Peripheral nerves are highly susceptible to injuries induced from everyday activities such as falling or work and sport accidents as well as more severe incidents such as car and motorcycle accidents. Many efforts have been made to improve nerve regeneration, but a satisfactory outcome is still unachieved, highlighting the need for easy to apply supportive strategies for stimulating nerve growth and functional recovery. Recent focus has been made on the effect of the consumed diet and its relation to healthy and well-functioning body systems. Normally, a balanced, healthy daily diet should provide our body with all the needed nutritional elements for maintaining correct function. The health of the central and peripheral nervous system is largely dependent on balanced nutrients supply. While already addressed in many reviews with different focus, we comprehensively review here the possible role of different nutrients in maintaining a healthy peripheral nervous system and their possible role in supporting the process of peripheral nerve regeneration. In fact, many dietary supplements have already demonstrated an important role in peripheral nerve development and regeneration; thus, a tailored dietary plan supplied to a patient following nerve injury could play a non-negotiable role in accelerating and promoting the process of nerve regeneration.
Topics: Animals; Diet; Humans; Nerve Regeneration; Nutrients; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Recovery of Function
PubMed: 34299037
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147417 -
Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and... Dec 2017In terms of the clinical effect of peripheral nerve injury repair, the biological degradable conduit 2 mm small gap tubulization is far better than the traditional... (Review)
Review
Peripheral nerve intersectional repair by bi-directional induction and systematic remodelling: biodegradable conduit tubulization from basic research to clinical application.
In terms of the clinical effect of peripheral nerve injury repair, the biological degradable conduit 2 mm small gap tubulization is far better than the traditional epineurial or perineurium neurorrhaphy. The assumption of the bi-directional induction between the central system and the terminal effector during peripheral nerve regeneration is purposed and proved in clinical by our group. The surgical approach of transferring a portion of or the whole contralateral C7 nerve to repair a part of or the whole ipsilateral brachial plexus injury is clinically promoted, in which the most important idea and practice is to use the cone conduit designed by the group to repair thick nerves with fine nerves. Some of the patients suffering from cerebral palsy or cerebral haemorrhage and those who got cerebral infarction yet have not reached recovery after 3-6 months could regain some functions of the ipsilateral upper limb and improve the life quality by transfer of a portion of or the whole contralateral C7 nerve and connection by cone conduit.
Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Humans; Peripheral Nerves; Regeneration
PubMed: 28884592
DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1373658 -
Journal of Hand Therapy : Official... 1998Peripheral nerve injuries are a major source of chronic disability. Advances in microsurgery and a better understanding of nerve healing have greatly improved the... (Review)
Review
Peripheral nerve injuries are a major source of chronic disability. Advances in microsurgery and a better understanding of nerve healing have greatly improved the outcomes of nerve repair in the past two decades. This paper reviews the current thoughts on peripheral nerve regeneration and repair. Controversial topics such as the timing of nerve repair, new techniques of nerve repair (fibrin glue, lasers, and tubulization), nerve grafting, and the treatment of neuroma are discussed. A general approach to postoperative care is presented and shown to be governed by an understanding of not only nerve healing but tissue healing in general. A summary of current clinical results of upper extremity nerve repairs is given to provide benchmarks of practice for hand therapy units to achieve and supersede.
Topics: Hand Injuries; Humans; Nerve Regeneration; Neuroma; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 9602967
DOI: 10.1016/s0894-1130(98)80007-0 -
Neuroimaging Clinics of North America Feb 2014Peripheral nerve surgery represents a broad field of pathologic conditions, medical specialties, and anatomic regions of the body. Anatomic understanding of hierarchical... (Review)
Review
Peripheral nerve surgery represents a broad field of pathologic conditions, medical specialties, and anatomic regions of the body. Anatomic understanding of hierarchical nerve structure and the peripheral nervous system aids diagnosis and management of nerve lesions. Many peripheral nerves coalesce into organized arrays, including the cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral plexuses, controlling motor and sensory functions of the trunk and extremities. Individual or groups of nerves may be affected by various pathologic conditions, including trauma, entrapment, tumor, or iatrogenic damage. Current research efforts focus on enhancing the peripheral nerve regenerative process by targeting Schwann cells, nerve growth factors, and nerve allografts.
Topics: Humans; Neuroimaging; Neurosurgical Procedures; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24210320
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2013.03.034 -
Hand Clinics May 1992This article discusses three basic parts of peripheral nerves. A description of the nerve fiber includes sections on both myelinated and unmyelinated axons. The anatomy... (Review)
Review
This article discusses three basic parts of peripheral nerves. A description of the nerve fiber includes sections on both myelinated and unmyelinated axons. The anatomy of the peripheral nerve at the cellular level is reviewed encompassing the nerve, the surrounding connective tissue framework, and the supportive vascular supply. Finally, normal and abnormal innervation patterns of the hand and forearm are presented. Anastomosis and variations of the normal anatomy are discussed.
Topics: Forearm; Hand; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Peripheral Nerves
PubMed: 1613029
DOI: No ID Found -
Muscle & Nerve Nov 2003Within a peripheral nerve, the individual nerve fibers are grouped together in fascicles. Whether there is somatotopic organization within these fascicles has long been... (Review)
Review
Within a peripheral nerve, the individual nerve fibers are grouped together in fascicles. Whether there is somatotopic organization within these fascicles has long been of interest, the subject of many investigations, and somewhat controversial. Evidence from diverse sources now points to important somatotopic clustering of nerve fibers within most of the length of the nerve. Information is lacking regarding proximal segments, particularly the plexus and spinal nerve root levels. As a result of this somatotopic arrangement, partial focal nerve lesions can produce restricted clinical deficits that defy the classic rules of localization. Examples of such restricted nerve lesions are provided in this review. Recognition of fascicle somatotopy is also important in the surgical approach to disorders of peripheral nerves.
Topics: Animals; Arm; Humans; Movement; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated; Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated; Peripheral Nerves; Radiculopathy
PubMed: 14571454
DOI: 10.1002/mus.10454 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2019Evaluation of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries has classically been based on clinical and electrophysiologic criteria. US and MRI have been widely used for... (Review)
Review
Evaluation of traumatic peripheral nerve injuries has classically been based on clinical and electrophysiologic criteria. US and MRI have been widely used for morphologic assessment of nerve injury sites and concomitant lesions. In the past few years, morphologic MR neurography has significantly increased its clinical applications on the basis of three-dimensional or two-dimensional images with and without fat-suppression techniques. However, these sequences have a major drawback: absence of pathophysiologic information about functional integrity or axonal flow of peripheral nerves. In this scenario, functional MRI techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used as a complementary tool in initial evaluation of peripheral nerve trauma or in assessment of trauma undergoing surgical repair. These approaches provide not only morphologic but also functional information about extent and degree of nerve impairment. Functional MR neurography can also be applied to selection, planning, and monitoring of surgical procedures that can be performed after traumatic peripheral nerve injuries, such as neurorrhaphy, nerve graft, or neurolysis, as it provides surgeons with valuable information about the functional status of the nerves involved and axonal flow integrity. The physical basis of DWI and DTI and the technical adjustments required for their appropriate performance for peripheral nerve evaluation are reviewed. Also, the clinical value of DWI and DTI in assessment of peripheral nerve trauma is discussed, enhancing their potential impact on selection, planning, and monitoring of surgical procedures employed for peripheral nerve repair. Online supplemental material is available for this article. RSNA, 2019.
Topics: Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 30735470
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2019180112