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The Journal of Biological Chemistry Feb 1994B94 was originally described as a novel tumor necrosis factor-alpha-inducible primary response gene in endothelial cells which was also induced in an in vitro model of...
B94 was originally described as a novel tumor necrosis factor-alpha-inducible primary response gene in endothelial cells which was also induced in an in vitro model of angiogenesis. To further characterize its expression, we cloned the mouse homologue and mapped its developmental and tissue specific expression. The predicted amino acid sequence of mouse B94 was found to be 83% similar to its human homologue. The gene was localized to mouse chromosome 12 just centromeric to the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus, in a region that is often rearranged in T-cell neoplasms. To explore the possibility that B94 is expressed during vasculogenesis and other developmental processes, the expression of its transcript was determined during mouse development by in situ hybridization. In 10-day embryos B94 was expressed prominently in the myocardium and in the aortic arch. By the 15th day of gestation, expression was restricted largely to the liver, the bone forming regions of the jaw, the aortic endothelium, and the nasopharynx: a pattern that was maintained until just prior to birth. Postnatally, expression shifted to the red pulp of the spleen and the thymic medulla. B94 expression was extinguished in most adult tissues but was detectable in lymphopoietic tissues including the spleen, tonsil, and lymphatic aggregates in the gut. Consistent with this was the finding that mononuclear progenitor cells in bone marrow and mature peripheral blood monocytes expressed B94. A truncated testis-specific transcript previously identified by Northern blot analysis was determined to result from the use of an alternate polyadenylation signal which was surprisingly located within the open reading frame. This shorter transcript was expressed at high levels exclusively in late stage spermatids. Immunostaining with an affinity-purified polyclonal antiserum revealed B94 to be localized to the acrosomal compartment of mature sperm. These studies demonstrate that B94 expression is tightly regulated during development and suggests distinct roles for B94 in myelopoiesis and spermatogenesis.
Topics: Acrosome; Aging; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Base Sequence; Child; Chromosome Mapping; Crosses, Genetic; Cytokines; DNA Primers; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Hematopoiesis; Humans; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; Lymphatic System; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mice, Inbred Strains; Molecular Sequence Data; Muridae; Organ Specificity; Palatine Tonsil; Spleen; Testis; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 8106408
DOI: No ID Found -
The Japanese Journal of Antibiotics Dec 2004The adherence to and invasion of A549 cells by serotype VIII GBS (group B streptococci) were significantly greater than those of serotype III GBS for both the invasive... (Review)
Review
The adherence to and invasion of A549 cells by serotype VIII GBS (group B streptococci) were significantly greater than those of serotype III GBS for both the invasive strain and vaginal isolates. Serotype III strains of GBS stimulated significantly greater tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) production than did serotype VIII strains. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production in response to serotype VIII was significantly higher than in response to serotype III. On sexual transmitted diseases, orogenital contact has been common in both commercial sex workers (CSWs) and non-CSWs in Japanese women. Therefore, chlamydial infections in pharynx have been increasing in recent days. However, the treatment against Chlamydia trachomatis in the cases of pharyngeal infections should be longer than in the cases of uterine cervical infections.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibody Formation; Cell Adhesion; Cervix Uteri; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Cytokines; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Infant, Newborn; Lung; Male; Pharynx; Pregnancy; Serotyping; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus agalactiae; Th1 Cells; Th2 Cells
PubMed: 15747586
DOI: No ID Found -
Histopathology May 2021
Topics: Adult; Atrophy; Chronic Disease; Crohn Disease; Female; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Infliximab; Larynx; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Neck; Palatine Tonsil; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors
PubMed: 33301626
DOI: 10.1111/his.14313 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Nov 1998Surgeons are still searching for the ideal method for pharynx reconstruction after tumor ablation. The objective of this study was to prove the anatomic and clinical...
Surgeons are still searching for the ideal method for pharynx reconstruction after tumor ablation. The objective of this study was to prove the anatomic and clinical viability of an occipital galeal pedicle flap for hypopharynx reconstruction. We studied anatomic details in 50 fresh adult cadavers. The dissections were performed after posterior galea exposure, silicone injection in occipital vessels, and mobilization of the galeal flap with an 8 x 8 cm square of galea. We also used the proposed flap in three clinical cases after laryngopharyngectomy. The surgical technique and its problems are described. Some of the anatomic data obtained are as follows: occipital artery diameter, 2.69 mm (mean); occipital artery length, 134.25 mm; area of occipital vessels network on galea, 148.77 cm2; pedicle length, 116.63 mm; and success in rotation to pharynx region (100 percent). The flap showed good functional and cosmetic results when used in three patients. A partial necrosis occurred in one case. The pedicled galeal occipital flap has favorable anatomic characteristics for use in head and neck reconstruction. Additional studies are necessary to provide more substantial information about its clinical viability.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Head; Humans; Hypopharynx; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 9811013
DOI: 10.1097/00006534-199811000-00049 -
Journal of the College of Physicians... Feb 2019To review the experience of single-stage reconstruction following pharygolaryngectomy and cervical esophageal defect with pedicle flaps in a tertiary care centre.
OBJECTIVE
To review the experience of single-stage reconstruction following pharygolaryngectomy and cervical esophageal defect with pedicle flaps in a tertiary care centre.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective study.
PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY
Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Lahore, from June 2007 to June 2017.
METHODOLOGY
All patients who underwent oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal reconstruction with pedicled flaps were included.
RESULTS
Thirty-two reconstructions were done, of which 16 (50.0%) were supraclavicular flaps, 12 (37.5%) were pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps (PMMF) and 4 (12.5%) platysma myocutaneous flaps (PMF). Among these, 24 (75%) were males and 8 (25%) females. The mean hospital stay was 18.75 +5.45 days. Complications were noted in 12 (37.5%), salivary fistula being the most frequent found in 6 (18.75%). Wound dehiscence was noted in 4 (12.5%), partial flap necrosis and wound infection present in 1 (3.1%) each.
CONCLUSION
Oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal reconstruction with pedicle flaps is still very useful and safe to perform, associated with minimal flap and donor site complications.
Topics: Adult; Databases, Factual; Esophageal Neoplasms; Female; Graft Survival; Humans; Hypopharynx; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Pakistan; Quality of Life; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Surgical Flaps; Wound Healing
PubMed: 30700358
DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2019.02.168 -
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Dec 2021In recent years, with the increase of magnetic toys, the intake of magnetic foreign bodies is an increasing problem in pediatric emergency.The strong suction of the...
In recent years, with the increase of magnetic toys, the intake of magnetic foreign bodies is an increasing problem in pediatric emergency.The strong suction of the magnetic foreign body can lead to necrosis, perforation, and infection of surrounding tissues.The site of magnetic foreign body injury is mainly the esophagus, intestines, stomach, a few in the pharynx, etc.This requires early assessment and appropriate intervention to avoid further harm.Because of its unique physical properties, magnetic foreign bodies in bilateral nasal cavity are rarely reported. Now we have a case of a bilateral magnetic foreign body in the nasal cavity.
Topics: Child; Esophagus; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Magnetic Phenomena; Nasal Cavity; Pharynx
PubMed: 34886632
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.12.017 -
The Veterinary Record Feb 2017The principal aim of this study was to document the effectiveness of tonsillectomy in dogs using a vessel-sealing device compared with a standard technique with... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The principal aim of this study was to document the effectiveness of tonsillectomy in dogs using a vessel-sealing device compared with a standard technique with tonsillectomy forceps. A secondary aim of the study was to document histopathological changes of the excised tonsillar tissue in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. 20 dogs were studied. The time taken to remove a tonsil using LigaSure was a mean of 44.8 seconds (sd 15 seconds, 95 per cent CI 40 to 57 seconds) and with the standard technique a mean of 305.9 seconds (sd 67 seconds, 95 per cent CI 272 to 349 seconds). Significantly less haemorrhage occurred using LigaSure compared with the standard technique. Histopathology of the tonsils was characterised by multifocal neutrophilic and lymphocytic inflammation, and 1-2 mm of heat-induced coagulation necrosis at the cut edge of LigaSure tonsils. This study shows that LigaSure is significantly faster and resulted in less bleeding than the standard technique.
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Animals; Dogs; Female; Male; Palatine Tonsil; Surgical Instruments; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 27811051
DOI: 10.1136/vr.103873 -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Apr 1965
Topics: Child; Drug Therapy; Gangrene; Nystatin; Palatine Tonsil; Penicillins; Sulfadiazine; Vitamin A; Vitamins
PubMed: 14279159
DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100063787 -
Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho May 2013
Topics: Chemoradiotherapy; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Quality of Life
PubMed: 24024278
DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.116.640 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2020Obstrutive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction, associated with intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia, and the main...
INTRODUCTION
Obstrutive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction, associated with intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia, and the main risk factor in childhood is adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The lymphocytes in these structures are responsible for local and systemic immune responses.
OBJECTIVE
Verify the levels of the inflammatory markers, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, TNF-α, CRP and α1-GP, in the tonsils of children with and without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
METHODS
This cross-sectional prospective study included 34 children with complains of snoring, difficulty breathing during sleep or recurrent tonsillitis. Patients underwent to a complete otorhinolaryngological examination, nasal endoscopy and polysomnography and were divided into two groups with 17 children each: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome group and control group. All underwent an adenotonsillectomy. Cytokines were measured in the collected tonsils (ELISA and Multiplex methods).
RESULTS
Statistically significant increasing were observed between IL-8 and IL-10 cytokines of patients with obstructive sleep apnea when compared to the control group; also between c-reactive protein and α1-GP of the tonsils cortical region in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome when compared with the medullary region. There were no statistically significant differences for the remaining inflammatory mediators.
CONCLUSION
After the analysis of the levels of pro and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, Il-15, TNF-α, CRP, α1-GP) in the tonsils, we observed higher levels of markers IL-8 and IL-10 in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
Topics: Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukins; Male; Orosomucoid; Palatine Tonsil; Prospective Studies; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Tonsillectomy; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 30213594
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2018.08.001