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Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho Feb 1991The complications and swallowing functions were studied in eleven patients who had undergone free jejunal autograft reconstruction after total pharyngolaryngectomy and...
The complications and swallowing functions were studied in eleven patients who had undergone free jejunal autograft reconstruction after total pharyngolaryngectomy and cervical esophagotomy. All patients have had advanced cancers of the hypopharynx or cervical esophagus. Fistula was complicated in three patients (27%), including one (9%) who died of pneumonia. Death or graft necrosis was not complicated in perioperative period. There was no patient with stenosis. Radiation necrosis of the graft and skin occurred six months after post-operative 60 Gy irradiation in one patient. Ten patients of 11 regained swallowing function. An oral diet was started between 9 and 50 post-operative days, with an average of 19 days. The duration of a diet was from 20 to 60 minutes (mean: 37 to 40 minutes). Five patients could take a normal diet, while the another five ate gluel or liquid food. The free jejunal graft reconstruction of pharyngoesophagus was highly safe reliability and an advantage in an early recovery of swallowing function, but it had some problems with regard to post-operative irradiation and swallowing.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Deglutition; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagus; Female; Humans; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms; Jejunum; Male; Middle Aged; Pharynx; Transplantation, Autologous
PubMed: 2037946
DOI: 10.3950/jibiinkoka.94.192 -
Journal of Cellular and Molecular... Sep 2018The presence of bile is not an uncommon finding in acidic oesophageal and extra-oesophageal refluxate, possibly affecting the hypopharyngeal mucosa and leading to...
The presence of bile is not an uncommon finding in acidic oesophageal and extra-oesophageal refluxate, possibly affecting the hypopharyngeal mucosa and leading to neoplastic events. We recently demonstrated that acidic bile (pH ≤ 4.0) can induce NF-κB activation and oncogenic mRNA phenotype in normal hypopharyngeal cells and generate premalignant changes in treated hypopharyngeal mucosa. We hypothesize that curcumin, a dietary inhibitor of NF-κB, may effectively inhibit the acidic bile-induced cancer-related mRNA phenotype, in treated human hypopharyngeal primary cells (HHPC), supporting its potential preventive use in vivo. Luciferase assay, immunofluorescence, Western blot, qPCR and PCR microarray analysis were used to explore the effect of curcumin in HHPC exposed to bile (400 μmol/L) at acidic and neutral pH. Curcumin successfully inhibited the acidic bile-induced NF-κB signalling pathway (25% of analysed genes), and overexpression of NF-κB transcriptional factors, c-REL, RELA(p65), anti-apoptotic bcl-2, oncogenic TNF-α, EGFR, STAT3, WNT5A, ΔNp63 and cancer-related IL-6. Curcumin effectively reduced bile-induced bcl-2 overexpression at both acidic and neutral pH. Our novel findings suggest that, similar to pharmacologic NF-κB inhibitor, BAY 11-7082, curcumin can suppress acidic bile-induced oncogenic mRNA phenotype in hypopharyngeal cells, encouraging its future in vivo pre-clinical and clinical explorations in prevention of bile reflux-related pre-neoplastic events mediated by NF-κB.
Topics: Anticarcinogenic Agents; Bile; Bile Acids and Salts; Curcumin; Epithelial Cells; ErbB Receptors; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypopharynx; Interleukin-6; NF-kappa B; Phenotype; Primary Cell Culture; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; RNA, Messenger; STAT3 Transcription Factor; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factor RelA; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Wnt-5a Protein
PubMed: 29911313
DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13701 -
BMJ Case Reports Jul 2019
Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blepharoptosis; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conjunctivitis; Drug Overdose; Fatal Outcome; Fusobacteriaceae Infections; Humans; Male; Nasal Septum; Necrosis; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Palate; Pharynx
PubMed: 31350235
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-231743 -
American Journal of Surgery Oct 1975Sequlae of radiation therapy may be late in occurring and varied in their manifestations. Although some are untreatable and progressive, the risk of development of some... (Review)
Review
Sequlae of radiation therapy may be late in occurring and varied in their manifestations. Although some are untreatable and progressive, the risk of development of some other sequelae can be minimized by careful application of radiotherapy or by ancillary measures, such as dental decay prophylaxis. Some of the serious sequelae secondary to radiation therapy of the nasopharynx have been summarized. These include radiation myelitis, paralysis of the cranial nerves, stricture of the pharynx, radiation-induced cancer, and necrosis with fatal hemorrhage.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Atrophy; Brain Abscess; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Eye; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hyperthyroidism; Hypoglossal Nerve; Hypothyroidism; Male; Middle Aged; Myelitis; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Necrosis; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced; Optic Atrophy; Osteosarcoma; Paralysis; Pituitary Gland; Radiation Dosage; Radiation Effects; Radiotherapy; Thyroid Gland; Vagus Nerve
PubMed: 1101723
DOI: 10.1016/0002-9610(75)90479-1 -
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. :... May 2020The adaptive immune system of all jawed vertebrates relies on the presence of B and T cell lymphocytes that aggregate in specific body sites to form primary and...
The adaptive immune system of all jawed vertebrates relies on the presence of B and T cell lymphocytes that aggregate in specific body sites to form primary and secondary lymphoid structures. Secondary lymphoid organs include organized MALT (-MALT) such as the tonsils and Peyer patches. -MALT became progressively organized during vertebrate evolution, and the TNF superfamily of genes has been identified as essential for the formation and maintenance of -MALT and other secondary and tertiary lymphoid structures in mammals. Yet, the molecular drivers of -MALT structures found in ectotherms and birds remain essentially unknown. In this study, we provide evidence that TNFSFs, such as lymphotoxins, are likely not a universal mechanism to maintain -MALT structures in adulthood of teleost fish, sarcopterygian fish, or birds. Although a role for TNFSF2 (TNF-α) cannot be ruled out, transcriptomics suggest that maintenance of -MALT in nonmammalian vertebrates relies on expression of diverse genes with shared biological functions in neuronal signaling. Importantly, we identify that expression of many genes with olfactory function is a unique feature of mammalian Peyer patches but not the -MALT of birds or ectotherms. These results provide a new view of -MALT evolution in vertebrates and indicate that different genes with shared biological functions may have driven the formation of these lymphoid structures by a process of convergent evolution.
Topics: Adaptive Immunity; Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Biological Evolution; Immunity, Mucosal; Lymphoid Tissue; Mucous Membrane; Neural Conduction; Palatine Tonsil; Peyer's Patches; T-Lymphocytes; Transcriptome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factors; Vertebrates
PubMed: 32238457
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901059 -
Neurology Feb 2006
Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Cerebral Infarction; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Facial Muscles; Female; Frontal Lobe; Humans; Masticatory Muscles; Muscle Weakness; Neurologic Examination; Pharyngeal Muscles; Syndrome; Tongue; Trismus
PubMed: 16476959
DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000196483.30339.86 -
Chest Sep 1997Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a lethal process originating from odontogenic, pharyngeal, or cervical infectious sources that descends along fascial... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a lethal process originating from odontogenic, pharyngeal, or cervical infectious sources that descends along fascial planes into the mediastinum. Despite earlier use of antibiotics and surgical drainage, the mortality (>50%) has changed little since the first large series reported in the preantibiotic era. The surgical management remains controversial, with support ranging from cervical drainage alone to cervical drainage and routine thoracotomy. We report a case of thoracoscopic drainage and debridement of a mediastinal abscess resulting from descending necrotizing mediastinitis. The decreased morbidity of this approach compared with posterolateral thoracotomy and the improved drainage of the mediastinum compared with cervical drainage support this method as an attractive management of patients with DNM.
Topics: Abscess; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Debridement; Drainage; Endoscopy; Esophagoscopy; Esophagus; Fascia; Female; Humans; Mediastinitis; Mediastinum; Necrosis; Pharynx; Survival Rate; Thoracoscopy; Thoracotomy
PubMed: 9315828
DOI: 10.1378/chest.112.3.850 -
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Sep 1990
Topics: Adult; Gangrene; Humans; Male; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx; Pyoderma; Sulfamethoxypyridazine; Ulcer
PubMed: 2213811
DOI: 10.1177/014107689008300918 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2013Hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis are common indications of tonsillectomy. However, the pathological reports are similar, regardless of clinical aspects. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
UNLABELLED
Hypertrophy and recurrent tonsillitis are common indications of tonsillectomy. However, the pathological reports are similar, regardless of clinical aspects.
OBJECTIVE
Search for histopathological changes that differentiate palatine tonsils operated because of hypertrophy vis-à-vis those operated because of recurrent tonsillitis.
METHOD
A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study involving 46 children divided into group I - 22 with hypertrophy; and group II - 24 with recurrent tonsillitis, in the period between 2010 and 2012, in a public hospital. We evaluated clinical and histopathological features (lymph follicles, germinal centers, fibrosis, necrosis, reticulation, infiltration by plasma cells and neutrophils).
RESULTS
The patients' ages ranged between 2 and 11 years (5.17 ± 2.28). In group I, half of the patients had had the latest infection at seven months or more, and all with obstruction degree greater than 3 (> 50%). In group II, all had had the latest infection at less than seven months, and most with obstruction degree below 4 (< 75%). There was a statistically significant difference in the degree of obstruction (p = 0.0021) and number of germinal centers (p = 0.002) was higher in group I.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that the number of germinal centers is the only histopathological criterion that can be used to differentiate the two groups.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Palatine Tonsil; Prospective Studies; Recurrence; Severity of Illness Index; Tonsillectomy; Tonsillitis
PubMed: 24141676
DOI: 10.5935/1808-8694.20130108 -
The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and... 1978Thorotrast, a radioactive contrast material used between 1930 and 1950, is often permanently retained within the patient. Individuals who have had diagnostic studies...
Thorotrast, a radioactive contrast material used between 1930 and 1950, is often permanently retained within the patient. Individuals who have had diagnostic studies with Thorotrast may develop serious complications many years later. These complications fall into two major categories, desmoplastic and neoplastic. The inadvertent infiltration of Thorotrast into soft tissue, usually the neck during carotid arteriography, may later result in severe fibrosis with constriction of the surrounding vessels and nerves. Malignancies, the second major problem, have occurred at the site of previous Thorotrast instillations throughout the body. The following report describes the clinical course of an 82-year-old woman who presented with a Thorotrast induced desmoplastic reaction of her neck, complicated by pharyngeal necrosis and the development of a pharyngeal cutaneous fistula. The latter problem is quite rare, having been previously reported only once. Despite extensive tissue destruction conservative management prevailed. Repetitive debridement, controlling the intermittent infections, maintaining her nutritional status, and relieving her pain allowed spontaneous healing to occur.
Topics: Aged; Female; Fistula; Granuloma; Humans; Necrosis; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx; Thorium Dioxide
PubMed: 718067
DOI: 10.1177/000348947808700516