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Nursing Open Mar 2023To systematically evaluate the efficacy of different topical treatments for PVC-related phlebitis in hospital in-patients. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
To systematically evaluate the efficacy of different topical treatments for PVC-related phlebitis in hospital in-patients.
DESIGN
A systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
A selection was made of experimental and quasi-experimental studies published in English or Spanish. These should provide data on the degree of phlebitis, pain and infiltration (means and standard deviations, mainly) of hospitalized patients with phlebitis secondary to peripheral venous catheter. All those studies that reflected systemic or exclusive prevention treatments were excluded. Searches were from inception to April 2020. The date of data collection was from December 2020 to May 2021. The selection criteria were based on the PICOS model. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool.
RESULTS
Twelve studies (726 patients) met the inclusion criteria. With respect to the decrease in the degree of phlebitis, was found ichthammol glycerine, followed by heparinoids. As for degree of pain, sesame oil obtained the most marked reduction. In terms of degree of infiltration, heparinoids and ichthammol glycerine were the only products to achieve a statistically significant reduction. The most important limitations are the low quantity and quality of the trials included. Insufficient data are available to draw valid conclusions about the efficacy of any treatment.
Topics: Humans; Heparinoids; Glycerol; Catheters; Phlebitis
PubMed: 36335576
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1449 -
The incidence and risk of infusion phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheters: A meta-analysis.The Journal of Vascular Access May 2020Phlebitis is a common complication associated with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of phlebitis with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Phlebitis is a common complication associated with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of phlebitis with peripheral intravenous catheter use and to identify risk factors for phlebitis development.
METHOD
Literature survey was conducted in electronic databases (CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, Ovid, and PubMed), and studies were included if they used peripheral intravenous catheter for therapeutic or volumetric infusion and reported phlebitis incidence rates. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to obtain overall and subgroup phlebitis incidence rates and odds ratio between males and females in phlebitis incidence.
RESULTS
Thirty-five studies were included (20,697 catheters used for 15,791 patients; age 57.1 years (95% confidence interval: 55.0, 59.2); 53.9% males (95% confidence interval: 42.3, 65.5)). Incidence of phlebitis was 30.7 per 100 catheters (95% confidence interval: 27.2, 34.2). Incidence of severe phlebitis was 3.6% (95% confidence interval: 2.7%, 4.6%). Incidence of phlebitis was higher in non-intervened (30% (95% confidence interval: 27%, 33%)) than in intervened (21% (95% confidence interval: 15%, 27%)) groups, and with Teflon (33% (95% confidence interval: 25%, 41%)) than Vialon (27% (95% confidence interval: 21%, 32%)) cannula use. Odds of developing phlebitis was significantly higher in females (odds ratio = 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.93); p = 0.02). Longer dwelling time, antibiotics infusion, female gender, forearm insertion, infectious disease, and Teflon catheter are important risk factors for phlebitis development identified by the included studies.
CONCLUSION
Incidence of phlebitis with the use of peripheral intravenous catheters during infusion is 31%. Severe phlebitis develops in 4% of all patients. Risk of phlebitis development can be reduced by adapting appropriate interventions.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Catheterization, Peripheral; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Middle Aged; Phlebitis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult
PubMed: 31547791
DOI: 10.1177/1129729819877323 -
Rheumatology (Oxford, England) Dec 2020
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Phlebitis; Takayasu Arteritis
PubMed: 32617559
DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa333 -
American Journal of Health-system... Jul 2023Pharmacists oversee parenteral drug preparation and administration in hospitals, clinics, infusion centers, and home infusion settings. Infusion-related phlebitis (IRP),... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Pharmacists oversee parenteral drug preparation and administration in hospitals, clinics, infusion centers, and home infusion settings. Infusion-related phlebitis (IRP), the most common complication of intravenous infusion therapy, significantly impacts therapeutic outcomes, patient satisfaction, cost of care, and provider workload. Here we review the major etiologies of IRP and describe potential pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions for preventing and managing the condition as well as for improving vascular access health in multiple-drug administration settings.
SUMMARY
Many parenterally administered drugs cause phlebitis due to mechanical, chemical, or infectious etiologies. Pharmacists can recommend nonpharmacological strategies to mitigate phlebitis, including -judicious device selection and placement; adjustment of the drug concentration, flow rate, or formulation; infusion site rotation; and use of inline filters to minimize contaminant particulates. Pharmacological treatments for phlebitis include topical, local, and systemic anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents that can reduce symptom severity and prevent further treatment complications or delays.
CONCLUSION
Pharmacists can contribute a unique perspective to interprofessional teams tasked with making policy and formulary decisions that minimize the negative impacts of IRP on drug delivery and patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Pharmacists; Infusions, Parenteral; Phlebitis; Infusions, Intravenous; Administration, Intravenous
PubMed: 37137335
DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxad090 -
Journal of Evaluation in Clinical... Apr 2014Phlebitis is a common and painful complication of peripheral intravenous cannulation. The aim of this review was to identify the measures used in infusion phlebitis... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Phlebitis is a common and painful complication of peripheral intravenous cannulation. The aim of this review was to identify the measures used in infusion phlebitis assessment and evaluate evidence regarding their reliability, validity, responsiveness and feasibility.
METHOD
We conducted a systematic literature review of the Cochrane library, Ovid MEDLINE and EBSCO CINAHL until September 2013. All English-language studies (randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort and cross-sectional) that used an infusion phlebitis scale were retrieved and analysed to determine which symptoms were included in each scale and how these were measured. We evaluated studies that reported testing the psychometric properties of phlebitis assessment scales using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines.
RESULTS
Infusion phlebitis was the primary outcome measure in 233 studies. Fifty-three (23%) of these provided no actual definition of phlebitis. Of the 180 studies that reported measuring phlebitis incidence and/or severity, 101 (56%) used a scale and 79 (44%) used a definition alone. We identified 71 different phlebitis assessment scales. Three scales had undergone some psychometric analyses, but no scale had been rigorously tested.
CONCLUSION
Many phlebitis scales exist, but none has been thoroughly validated for use in clinical practice. A lack of consensus on phlebitis measures has likely contributed to disparities in reported phlebitis incidence, precluding meaningful comparison of phlebitis rates.
Topics: Catheterization, Peripheral; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Incidence; Phlebitis; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 24401116
DOI: 10.1111/jep.12107 -
The American Journal of Nursing Feb 2003
Topics: Catheterization, Peripheral; Female; Humans; Male; Phlebitis
PubMed: 12582339
DOI: 10.1097/00000446-200302000-00027 -
Assistenza Infermieristica E Ricerca :... 2011Phlebitis is a common problem associated to intravenous therapies, it may cause pain, sepsis and increased duration of hospitalization. Several factors can increase the... (Review)
Review
Phlebitis is a common problem associated to intravenous therapies, it may cause pain, sepsis and increased duration of hospitalization. Several factors can increase the risk of phlebitis. The literature review addresses the mechanisms of chemical phlebitis, the characteristics of drugs likely to cause a phlebitis and the main measures to be adopted for prevention and treatment.
Topics: Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Infusions, Intravenous; Osmolar Concentration; Phlebitis
PubMed: 21539076
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Pediatrics Apr 2021
Topics: Child; Child, Hospitalized; Humans; Phlebitis; Physicians; Prospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers
PubMed: 33609231
DOI: 10.1007/s12098-021-03703-x -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Cannabis; Arteritis; Phlebitis; Thrombophlebitis
PubMed: 38043999
DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.06.013 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jul 2007Enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis (ELP) is a recently described entity and is of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It is characterized by phlebitis of the bowel wall... (Review)
Review
Enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis (ELP) is a recently described entity and is of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. It is characterized by phlebitis of the bowel wall and mesentery, without arterial involvement or evidence of systemic vasculitis. The clinical presentation of ELP is varied, but it most commonly manifests with signs of an acute abdomen. Clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic findings are often conflicting and misdiagnosis is common as venous thrombosis is not suspected. The diagnosis of ELP is obtained histologically. There is a spectrum of histologic features associated with ELP, which includes lymphocytic phlebitis, necrotizing phlebitis, granulomatous phlebitis, and myointimal hyperplasia. Other features include venous thrombi and acute ischemic changes of the intestine. Surgical resection of the affected bowel is usually curative and recurrences are rare. The clinical and histopathologic features of ELP are reviewed.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestines; Lymphocytes; Phlebitis
PubMed: 17617004
DOI: 10.5858/2007-131-1130-ELPCFA