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BMC Medical Education Oct 2018Physical examination courses are an essential part of the education of medical students. The aim of this study was to ascertain the factors influencing students'...
BACKGROUND
Physical examination courses are an essential part of the education of medical students. The aim of this study was to ascertain the factors influencing students' motivation and willingness to participate in a physical examination course.
METHODS
Students were asked to complete a questionnaire subdivided into five domains: anthropometric data, religiousness, motivation to take part in physical examination courses, willingness to be physically examined at 11 different body regions by peers or a professional tutor and a field for free text.
RESULTS
The questionnaire was completed by 142 medical students. The importance of the examination course was rated 8.7 / 10 points, the score for students' motivation was 7.8 / 10 points. Willingness to be physically examined ranged from 6 to 100% depending on body part and examiner. Female students were significantly less willing to be examined at sensitive body parts (breast, upper body, groin and the hip joint; pā=ā.003 to < .001), depending on group composition and / or examiner. Strictly religious students showed significantly less willingness to undergo examination of any part of the body except the hand (pā=ā.02 to < .001). Considering BMI, willingness to be examined showed comparable rates for normal weight and under- / overweight students in general (80% vs. 77%). Concerning the composition of the group for physical examination skills courses, students preferred self-assembled over mixed gender and same gender groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Peer physical examination is a method to improve students' skills. While motivation to participate in and acceptance of the physical examination course appears to be high, willingness to be examined is low for certain parts of the body, e.g. breast and groin, depending on religiousness, gender and examiner. Examination by a professional medical tutor did not lead to higher acceptance. Most students would prefer to choose their team for physical examination courses themselves rather than be assigned to a group.
Topics: Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel; Body Weight; Curriculum; Education, Medical, Undergraduate; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Peer Group; Physical Examination; Psychometrics; Religion; Sex Factors; Students, Medical; Work Engagement; Young Adult
PubMed: 30373579
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-018-1353-5 -
Academic Emergency Medicine : Official... Jul 1995
Topics: Emergency Medicine; Humans; Internship and Residency; Physical Examination
PubMed: 8521200
DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1995.tb03591.x -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Aug 1981
Topics: Animals; Bone Diseases; Diet; Gait; Medical History Taking; Muscular Diseases; Palpation; Physical Examination; Posture
PubMed: 6977921
DOI: 10.1016/s0195-5616(81)50060-x -
Mayo Clinic Proceedings Apr 1997To develop techniques for conducting a physical examination in microgravity and to describe and document the physiologic changes noted with use of a modified basic...
OBJECTIVE
To develop techniques for conducting a physical examination in microgravity and to describe and document the physiologic changes noted with use of a modified basic physical examination.
DESIGN
On the basis of data gathered from physical examinations on KC-135 flights, three physical variables were assessed serially in astronauts during two shuttle missions (of 8- and 10-day duration, respectively). Preflight, in-flight, and postflight examinations were conducted by trained physician-astronauts or flight surgeons, who used this modified examination.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Five male and two female crewmembers participated in the "hands-on" physical examination of all physiologic systems except the genitourinary system. Level of edema, intensity of bowel sounds, and peripheral reflexes were assessed and graded.
RESULTS
This investigation identified unique elements of a physical examination performed during space flight that will assist in the development of standard methods for conducting examinations of astronauts in weightlessness. In addition, demonstrable changes induced by microgravity were noted in most physiologic systems examined.
CONCLUSION
The data support the hypothesis that the microgravity examination differs from that conducted on earth or in a 1g environment. In addition, alterations in the physiologic response can be detected with use of hands-on technique. These data are invaluable in the development of optimal medical care for humans in space.
Topics: Auscultation; Edema; Female; Humans; Male; Palpation; Percussion; Physical Examination; Reflex; Space Flight; Time Factors; Weightlessness
PubMed: 9121174
DOI: 10.4065/72.4.301 -
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation... May 2008With the exception of Rhode Island, all states require high school athletes to undergo a preparticipation examination. These examinations may vary from state to state,... (Review)
Review
With the exception of Rhode Island, all states require high school athletes to undergo a preparticipation examination. These examinations may vary from state to state, however. This article covers the basics of the history, physical examination, special tests, and issues surrounding clearance for various diagnoses.
Topics: Adolescent; Female; Forms and Records Control; Humans; Male; Medical History Taking; Medical Records; Physical Examination; Physician-Patient Relations; Sports; United States
PubMed: 18395645
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2007.12.004 -
Education For Primary Care : An... Jan 2016
Topics: General Practice; Humans; Physical Examination; Physician's Role; Physician-Patient Relations; Professionalism
PubMed: 26862811
DOI: 10.1080/14739879.2015.1132683 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Nov 2014Oral examination in the cat is a process of observing both normal and abnormal, and should be an integral part of any wellness examination as well as a response to any... (Review)
Review
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE
Oral examination in the cat is a process of observing both normal and abnormal, and should be an integral part of any wellness examination as well as a response to any specific complaint(s). The basis for an accurate diagnosis is meticulous attention to detail. It is essential that the clinician performs a whole body examination prior to examining the head and neck region.
STAGES OF EXAMINATION
A thorough oral examination involves four stages. The first stage is to review the current oral problem(s) by asking questions and listening carefully to the owner's responses; gaining a thorough medical/dental history may shed more light on the current problem(s). The second stage is an extraoral physical examination to visualise and palpate the head and neck regions in the awake patient. In the third stage the clinician performs an intraoral examination in the awake patient, before proceeding to the final stage, which is an extraoral and intraoral examination under general anaesthesia.
AIM
This article describes a systematic approach to the oral examination, based on these four stages. The aim of this process is not only to facilitate the making and recording of observations, but also to help avoid missing important clues that may aid in reaching a diagnosis. Common tooth pathologies in the feline patient are also briefly reviewed, paving the way for accompanying articles in this two-part Special Issue, which will provide further insight into these pathologies and discuss management approaches.
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diagnosis, Oral; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Physical Examination
PubMed: 25344458
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X14552364 -
International Journal of Cardiology Oct 2016The physical examination skills of young physicians in training need careful examination as advancing technology seems to have replaced those skills compared to prior...
The physical examination skills of young physicians in training need careful examination as advancing technology seems to have replaced those skills compared to prior generations of physicians. A question to ponder is how should medical education address the convincing evidence that physician trainees of today are less astute at the physical examination than those that came before them? This inquiry must address whether the decline in physical examination skills hinders accurate, cost effective, and timely diagnoses. Additionally, it must consider whether the absence of a comprehensive physical examination impairs the patient-physician relationship. This type of inquiry leads to the conclusion that the physical examination and technology must be merged as the clinical situation dictates to provide accurate, cost effective and accurate diagnoses. The carefully performed physical examination in conjunction with a detailed history should dictate the use of our ever-advancing technologic advances in medicine.
Topics: Biomedical Technology; Clinical Competence; Education; Educational Measurement; Humans; Medical Staff, Hospital; Physical Examination
PubMed: 27400298
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.328 -
The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 2001The physical examination has a historically prominent role in medical practice, being an important tool in diagnosis and in developing rapport with patients. Yet,... (Review)
Review
The physical examination has a historically prominent role in medical practice, being an important tool in diagnosis and in developing rapport with patients. Yet, physicians have lost bedside skills in recent years, with increasing use of technology at the expense of time spent with the patient. This is concerning, especially in the present era of cost-containment in health care. Approaches to improve bedside diagnosis skills include increased emphasis on instruction in physical examination during medical school and postgraduate training, and careful scrutiny of physical examination techniques, with formal evaluation of their accuracy and reproducibility. Only through education and research will the physical examination recover its central role in the clinical encounter.
Topics: Education, Medical, Continuing; Humans; Physical Examination
PubMed: 11697480
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Annals Mar 2018Child physical abuse affects hundreds of thousands of children annually and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Pediatric health care providers... (Review)
Review
Child physical abuse affects hundreds of thousands of children annually and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Pediatric health care providers play a key role in the recognition and treatment of suspected child abuse. Abusive injuries are often missed, which may lead to dire consequences for the child. Standardized screening tools and treatment guidelines can enhance early recognition of child abuse. This article reviews key findings in a medical history and physical examination that should raise suspicion for abuse. We also review the recommended evaluation that should occur when child abuse is suspected, as well as indications for reporting to child protective services. [Pediatr Ann. 2018;47(3):e97-e101.].
Topics: Child; Child Abuse; Humans; Mandatory Reporting; Medical History Taking; Physical Abuse; Physical Examination
PubMed: 29538781
DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20180227-01