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Journal of Separation Science Jul 2021Phytic acid, the principal storage form of phosphorus in wheat, plays both beneficial and antinutrient functions for human being, and its analytical method still needs...
Phytic acid, the principal storage form of phosphorus in wheat, plays both beneficial and antinutrient functions for human being, and its analytical method still needs further development. In this work, we have developed a new method for the determination of phytic acid in wheat products based on derivatization with (trimethylsilyl)diazomethane in combination with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Methyl esterification greatly decreased the polarity and the acidity of phytic acid, and thus the corresponding derivative can be easily analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry under common conditions. Furthermore, treatment with cation exchange resin removed the polyvalent metal ions in the solutions, and thus derivatization of phytic acid can be achieved efficiently and completely. The standard curve for phytic acid has been well established in the linear range of 0.5-100 ng/mL with squared correlation coefficient more than 0.999 and the quantification limit of 0.25 ng/mL. The phytic acid content varies greatly in different wheat products, ranging from 153.5 to 17299.0 μg/g.
Topics: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Esterification; Phosphorus; Phytic Acid; Solid Phase Extraction; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Triticum
PubMed: 33973713
DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100218 -
The American Journal of Gastroenterology Oct 1987Studies on effects of fiber, phytic acid, and oxalic acid on mineral bioavailability are reviewed. It is difficult to separate the effects of fiber and phytic acid when... (Review)
Review
Studies on effects of fiber, phytic acid, and oxalic acid on mineral bioavailability are reviewed. It is difficult to separate the effects of fiber and phytic acid when cereal products are fed, because they occur together in these foods. However, even the combination of fiber and phytic acid does not appear to affect mineral balances unless unrefined cereal intakes are high and mineral intakes are low. Also, the body may be able to adjust to the decreased availability by increased absorption of the available mineral. Oxalic acid may result in decreases in mineral bioavailability if consumed with a high fiber diet, but the decrease may also be transient.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biological Availability; Child; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Female; Humans; Male; Minerals; Oxalates; Oxalic Acid; Phytic Acid
PubMed: 2821800
DOI: No ID Found -
Biochemical Pharmacology Apr 2024Diabetes-related hyperglycemia inhibits bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) function, thereby disrupting osteoblast capacity and bone regeneration. Dietary...
Diabetes-related hyperglycemia inhibits bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) function, thereby disrupting osteoblast capacity and bone regeneration. Dietary supplementation with phytic acid (PA), a natural inositol phosphate, has shown promise in preventing osteoporosis and diabetes-related complications. Emerging evidence has suggested that circular (circ)RNAs implicate in the regulation of bone diseases, but their specific regulatory roles in BMSC osteogenesis in hyperglycemic environments remain elucidated. In this study, in virto experiments demonstrated that PA treatment effectively improved the osteogenic capability of high glucose-mediated BMSCs. Differentially expressed circRNAs in PA-induced BMSCs were identified using circRNA microarray analysis. Here, our findings highlight an upregulation of circEIF4B expression in BMSCs stimulated with PA under a high-glucose microenvironment. Further investigations demonstrated that circEIF4B overexpression promoted high glucose-mediated BMSC osteogenesis. In contrast, circEIF4B knockdown exerted the opposite effect. Mechanistically, circEIF4B sequestered microRNA miR-186-5p and triggered osteogenesis enhancement in BMSCs by targeting FOXO1 directly. Furthermore, circEIF4B inhibited the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of IGF2BP3, thereby stabilizing ITGA5 mRNA and promoting BMSC osteogenic differentiation. In vivo experiments, circEIF4B inhibition attenuated the effectiveness of PA treatment in diabetic rats with cranial defects. Collectively, our study identifies PA as a novel positive regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation through the circEIF4B/miR-186-5p/FOXO1 and circEIF4B/IGF2BP3/ITGA5 axes, which offers a new strategy for treating high glucose-mediatedBMSCosteogenic dysfunction and delayed bone regeneration in diabetes.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Osteogenesis; MicroRNAs; Phytic Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Cell Differentiation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Glucose; Bone Marrow Cells; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 38467376
DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116118 -
Journal of the Science of Food and... Jan 2018Phytic acid as a phosphorus storage vault provides phosphorus for plant development. It is an anti-nutritional factor for humans and some animals. However, its...
BACKGROUND
Phytic acid as a phosphorus storage vault provides phosphorus for plant development. It is an anti-nutritional factor for humans and some animals. However, its degradation products lower inositol phosphates have positive effects on human health. In this study, the effect of gibberellic acid (GA) on phytic acid degradation under calcium lactate (Ca) existence was investigated.
RESULTS
The results showed that Ca + GA treatment promoted the growth status, hormone metabolism and phytic acid degradation in germinating soybean. At the same time, the availability of phosphorus, the activity of phytic acid degradation-associated enzyme and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) increased. However, the relative genes expression of phytic acid degradation-associated enzymes did not vary in accordance with their enzymes activity.
CONCLUSION
The results revealed that GA could mediate the transport and function of calcium and a series of physiological and biochemical changes to regulate phytic acid degradation of soybean sprouts. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Topics: 6-Phytase; Acid Phosphatase; Calcium Compounds; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Germination; Gibberellins; Lactates; Phospholipids; Phosphorus; Phytic Acid; Seeds; Glycine max
PubMed: 28664974
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8509 -
Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany) Jul 2014Phytic acid or phytate, the free-acid form of myo-inositolhexakiphosphate, is abundant in many seeds and fruits, where it represents the major storage form of...
Phytic acid or phytate, the free-acid form of myo-inositolhexakiphosphate, is abundant in many seeds and fruits, where it represents the major storage form of phosphorus. Although also known from other plant tissues, available reports on the occurrence of phytic acid, e.g. in leaves, have never been compiled, nor have they been critically reviewed. We found 45 published studies with information on phytic acid content in leaves. Phytic acid was almost always detected when studies specifically tried to detect it, and accounted for up to 98% of total P. However, we argue that such extreme values, which rival findings from storage organs, are dubious and probably result from measurement errors. Excluding these high values from further quantitative analysis, foliar phytic acid-P averaged 2.3 mg·g(-1) , and represented, on average, 7.6% of total P. Remarkably, the ratio of phytic acid-P to total P did not increase with total P, we even detected a negative correlation of the two variables within one species, Manihot esculenta. This enigmatic finding warrants further attention.
Topics: Phosphorus; Phytic Acid; Plant Leaves; Seeds
PubMed: 24341824
DOI: 10.1111/plb.12136 -
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology Apr 2023Phytic acid (PA) is a new substitutable plant-derived antifungal agent; however, few reports have been published regarding its antifungal effects on pathogenic fungi....
Phytic acid (PA) is a new substitutable plant-derived antifungal agent; however, few reports have been published regarding its antifungal effects on pathogenic fungi. The present study explored the in vitro antifungal activity of PA against four phytopathogenic fungi and found that PA was the most effective at inhibiting the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro antifungal activities of PA against the seedling blight of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica caused by F. oxysporum and to determine its possible mechanism of action. The results showed that PA inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of F. oxysporum in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited strong inhibition when its concentration exceeded 1000 mg/L. It mainly destroyed the integrity of the cell membrane, increasing its cell membrane permeability, causing the cell contents to spill out, and impairing fungal growth. In addition, the leakage of intercellular electrolytes and soluble proteins indicated that PA used at its EC and EC increased the membrane permeability of F. oxysporum. The increase in malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content confirmed that PA treatment at its EC and EC damaged the cell membrane of the pathogen. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that PA affected the morphology of mycelia, causing them to shrivel, distort, and break. Furthermore, PA significantly reduced the activities of the antioxidant-related enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, as well as that of the pathogenicity-related enzymes polygalacturonase, pectin lyase, and endoglucanase (EG) in F. oxysporum (P < 0.05). In particular, EG enzyme activity was maximally inhibited in F. oxysporum treated with PA at its EC. Moreover, PA significantly inhibited the incidence of disease, and growth indices in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedling blight was determined. In summary, PA has a substantial inhibitory effect on F. oxysporum. Therefore, PA could serve as a new substitutable plant-derived antifungal agent for the seedling blight of P. sylvestris var. mongolica caused by F. oxysporum.
Topics: Pinus sylvestris; Seedlings; Antifungal Agents; Phytic Acid; Fusarium
PubMed: 36963923
DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105341 -
Food Chemistry Nov 2013Phytic acid, myo-inositol hexaphosphoric acid, exists in substantial (1-5%) amounts in edible plant seeds. In this study the effects of phytic acid on the Maillard...
Phytic acid, myo-inositol hexaphosphoric acid, exists in substantial (1-5%) amounts in edible plant seeds. In this study the effects of phytic acid on the Maillard reaction and the formation of acrylamide were investigated. Both phytic acid and phosphate enhanced browning in glucose/β-alanine system, but phytic acid was less effective than phosphate. Higher pH favoured the catalytic activities for both of them. The influence of the types of sugar and amino acid on the reaction was also examined. Browning was suppressed by the addition of calcium and magnesium ions, but an additive effect was observed for ferrous ions and phytic acid in glucose/β-alanine solution at pH 8.0. Both phytic acid and phosphate promoted the polymerisation of the reaction intermediates. The kinetics of Maillard reaction was first-ordered reaction in the presence of phytic acid. Phytic acid was less effective than phosphate in the formation of acrylamide. When potato slices were treated with sodium phytate and calcium chloride successively, the formation of acrylamide was greatly suppressed.
Topics: Acrylamide; Food Analysis; Kinetics; Maillard Reaction; Phosphates; Phytic Acid; Solanum tuberosum
PubMed: 23768320
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.02.107 -
Life Sciences Dec 2022Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with an unknown etiology that is currently difficult to treat effectively. Phytic acid, a natural compound...
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with an unknown etiology that is currently difficult to treat effectively. Phytic acid, a natural compound found in high-fiber foods, such as grains, has been shown to have many pharmacological functions, such as anti-inflammatory and blood-milk barrier maintenance. Our study investigated the effects of phytic acid on UC as well as the underlying mechanisms. We found that phytic acid ameliorated weight loss, shortened colon length, increased clinical scores, and decreased the release of pro-inflammatory factors (Il-1β, Il-6, and TNF-α) in mice with DSS-induced UC. Phytic acid was also found to protect intestinal barrier integrity in mice with UC by maintaining the expression of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-3 and ZO-1) and mucin-2. In LPS-stimulated Caco-2 cells, phytic acid significantly inhibited the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors and the downregulation of tight junction proteins. Further experimental results confirmed that phytic acid inhibits the activation of the AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in both mice with UC and Caco-2 cells. To sum up, this study proved that phytic acid has a beneficial ameliorative effect on mice with DSS-induced UC, suggesting that it may be used to develop functional foods for the treatment or prevention of UC.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Colitis, Ulcerative; Dextran Sulfate; Phytic Acid; Caco-2 Cells; Disease Models, Animal; Colon; Tight Junction Proteins; NF-kappa B; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Colitis
PubMed: 36341915
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121139 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Oct 2018In legumes such as faba bean, phytic acid can form very stable complexes with proteins, thus hindering their accessibility for gastrointestinal digestion. This study was...
In legumes such as faba bean, phytic acid can form very stable complexes with proteins, thus hindering their accessibility for gastrointestinal digestion. This study was set up to investigate the influence of enzymatic phytase treatment and lactic acid bacteria fermentation ( Lactobacillus plantarum VTT E-78076) on phytic acid reduction as well as on the protein quality and digestibility of faba bean flour. The soluble protein and release of free amino acids from faba bean flours were followed during a simulated in vitro digestion process. Phytase treatment efficiently reduced the amount of phytic acid in faba bean flour up to 89% degradation. The reduction of phytic acid content caused a shift in the protein solubility curve, showing higher solubility levels at low pH. Further, the enzyme-aided degradation of phytic acid considerably enhanced the digestibility of faba bean proteins (dose-dependent) and the release of free amino nitrogen in the first stage of digestion (gastric phase). The results propose the benefits of phytase treatment in plant-based foods where the phytic acid content may hinder the digestion of protein.
Topics: Amino Acids; Digestion; Fermentation; Food Handling; Humans; Lactobacillus plantarum; Phytic Acid; Plant Proteins; Vicia faba
PubMed: 30253094
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02948 -
Molecular Biotechnology Jan 2024Anti-nutrients are substances either found naturally or are of synthetic origin, which leads to the inactivation of nutrients and limits their utilization in metabolic... (Review)
Review
Anti-nutrients are substances either found naturally or are of synthetic origin, which leads to the inactivation of nutrients and limits their utilization in metabolic processes. Phytic acid is classified as an anti-nutrient, as it has a strong binding affinity with most minerals like Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca, Mn, and Cd and impairs their proper metabolism. Removing anti-nutrients from cereal grains may enable the bioavailability of both macro- and micronutrients which is the desired goal of genetic engineering tools for the betterment of agronomic traits. Several strategies have been adopted to minimize phytic acid content in plants. Pursuing the molecular strategies, there are several studies, which result in the decrement of the total phytic acid content in grains of major as well as minor crops. Biosynthesis of phytic acid mainly takes place in the seed comprising lipid-dependent and lipid-independent pathways, involving various enzymes. Furthermore, some studies show that interruption of these enzymes may involve the pleiotropic effect. However, using modern biotechnological approaches, undesirable agronomic traits can be removed. This review presents an overview of different genes encoding the various enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of phytic acid which is being targeted for its reduction. It also, highlights and enumerates the variety of potential applications of genome editing tools such as TALEN, ZFN, and CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the desired genes, and RNAi for their silencing.
Topics: Gene Editing; Phytic Acid; Crops, Agricultural; Nutrients; Lipids; CRISPR-Cas Systems
PubMed: 37061991
DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00722-1