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Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion Sep 2002This review provides a current summary of the literature concerning various aspects of phytic acid. These include data relative to its chemical structure and... (Review)
Review
This review provides a current summary of the literature concerning various aspects of phytic acid. These include data relative to its chemical structure and physicochemical properties, its occurrence in numerous cereals and legumes, and its role in plants. In addition, the nutritional significance of phytate with regard to its protein and mineral binding abilities, its health benefits and the methods commonly used for the analysis of phytate are discussed.
Topics: Animals; Biological Availability; Humans; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutritive Value; Phytic Acid; Trace Elements
PubMed: 12448335
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2019A nanocomposite, phytic acid-chitosan-magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IP-CS-MNPs) has been used to treat colon cancer in vitro, previously. However, its potential...
A nanocomposite, phytic acid-chitosan-magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IP-CS-MNPs) has been used to treat colon cancer in vitro, previously. However, its potential toxicity in vivo has yet to be elucidated. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of oral administration of IP-CS-MNPs in mice. In this study, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w) of IP-CS-MNPs were orally administered to two different groups of BALB/c mice, once. Additionally, the mice in the control group were given only deionized water. After 14 days of post-IP-CS-MNPs administration, in a similar way to the untreated mice, the treated mice showed no sign of mortality and abnormalities. However, the serum urea level of mice receiving 2000 mg/kg b.w of IP-CS-MNPs was significantly higher than the control group ( < 0.05). The mice that received 1000 mg/kg IP-CS-MNPs showed a significantly higher level of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared to the control group. However, there were no significant histopathological changes seen in the liver and kidneys of treated mice compared to the untreated group.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Biomarkers; Body Weight; Chitosan; Female; Ferric Compounds; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Mice; Organ Size; Phytic Acid; Toxicity Tests, Acute
PubMed: 31450737
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174114 -
Food Chemistry Apr 2017Bioactive compounds phytic acid (IP6) and pyrophosphate (PPi) are minor components of walnuts with the ability of being inhibitors of urolithiasis, among others. Since...
Bioactive compounds phytic acid (IP6) and pyrophosphate (PPi) are minor components of walnuts with the ability of being inhibitors of urolithiasis, among others. Since simultaneous analysis of IP6 and PPi have known drawbacks, a new method to determine their content in walnuts has been developed with emphasis on their extraction from walnuts by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Acid content of extracting solvent, extraction time and temperature were optimized. After extraction, compounds were purified by selective adsorption/desorption on an anion exchange solid phase extraction and analyzed by inductive coupled plasma/mass spectrometry. A mixture of HSO and HCl as solvent to extract both, IP6 and PPi, provided results slightly higher than those determined by conventional extraction with no statistical difference. The possible hydrolysis of phytic acid by MAE was analyzed. Compared with the conventional acid extraction method, significant improvement is achieved by the MAE method reducing extraction time from 3h to 10min.
Topics: Diphosphates; Juglans; Microwaves; Phytic Acid; Solid Phase Extraction
PubMed: 27979271
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.105 -
Poultry Science Nov 2008The effects of phytic acid and 2 sources of exogenous phytase (bacterial vs. fungal) on the flow of endogenous amino acids at the terminal ileum of broilers were...
The effects of phytic acid and 2 sources of exogenous phytase (bacterial vs. fungal) on the flow of endogenous amino acids at the terminal ileum of broilers were assessed using the enzyme-hydrolyzed casein method. Phytic acid (as the sodium salt) was included in a purified diet at 8.5 and 14.5 g/kg, and each diet was fed without or with a fungal (Aspergillus niger-derived) or a bacterial (Escherichia coli-derived) microbial phytase at 500 phytase units/kg of diet. Increasing the concentration of phytic acid in the diet from 8.5 to 14.5 g/kg increased (P < 0.001) the flow of all measured amino acids by an average of 68%, with a range from 17% for proline to 145% for phenylalanine. The flow of endogenous aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and histidine were increased by more than the mean, indicating changes in the composition of endogenous protein in response to the presence of higher concentrations of phytic acid. Supplementation of both phytases reduced (P < 0.001) the flow of endogenous amino acids, but the reduction (P = 0.06) was greater for the bacterial phytase compared with the fungal phytase. These data suggest that a substantial part of the amino acid and energy responses observed following phytase supplementation in broiler chickens stems from reduced endogenous amino acid flows and that the capacity of different phytases to counteract the antinutritive properties of phytic acid vary.
Topics: 6-Phytase; Administration, Oral; Amino Acids; Animal Feed; Animals; Aspergillus niger; Chickens; Digestion; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli Proteins; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Freeze Drying; Fungal Proteins; Ileum; Male; Phytic Acid
PubMed: 18931180
DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00096 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Jan 2019The knowledge on consequences of cross-breeding of induced low phytic acid ( lpa) soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) mutants on the contents of phytic acid (InsP) and lower...
The knowledge on consequences of cross-breeding of induced low phytic acid ( lpa) soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) mutants on the contents of phytic acid (InsP) and lower inositol phosphate isomers (InsP-InsP) in the resulting progenies is limited. Therefore, MIPS1 and IPK1 lpa soybean mutants were crossed with wild-type (WT) cultivars or among themselves to generate homozygous lpa and WT progenies and double lpa mutants. The lpa trait of the MIPS1 mutant was not altered by cross-breeding with a WT cultivar; lpa progenies had InsP reductions of about 44% compared to WT progenies. IPK1 progenies showed pronounced accumulations of specific InsP-InsP isomers (up to 12.4 mg/g) compared to the progenitor lpa mutant (4.7 mg/g); the extent of InsP reduction (43-71%) was depending on the WT crossing parent. Double mutants exhibited the most pronounced InsP reductions (up to 87%), accompanied by moderate accumulations of InsP-InsP (2.5 mg/g). Cross-breeding offers the potential to modulate the amounts of both InsP and InsP-InsP contents in lpa soybean mutants and thus to improve their nutritional quality.
Topics: Hybridization, Genetic; Inositol Phosphates; Isomerism; Mutation; Nutritive Value; Phytic Acid; Plant Breeding; Plant Proteins; Glycine max
PubMed: 30541281
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06117 -
Journal of Chromatography. B,... Jun 2001A GC-MS method is reported for the determination of phytic acid based on purification by anion-exchange chromatography, enzymatic hydrolysis of phytic acid to...
A GC-MS method is reported for the determination of phytic acid based on purification by anion-exchange chromatography, enzymatic hydrolysis of phytic acid to myo-inositol and derivation to trimethylsilyl derivative, with scyllo-inositol as an internal standard. Analytical features of the method are: limit of detection 9 microg l(-1) phytic acid, linear working range 18-500 microg l(-1) phytic acid, and coefficient of variation 1.9%. The method has been successfully applied to a variety of biological samples: various rat organs (kidney, liver, brain and bone), human plasma and urine and kidney stones. A comparative study of sample treatments, including deproteization, lipid extraction and the presence of a chelator, is also reported. Phytic acid amounts found in rat organs ranged from 1.07 g kg(-1) for bone to 32.0 g kg(-1) for brain. Phytic acid in human plasma was of the order of 0.14 mg l(-1). In kidney stones, phytic acid was found in calcium containing stones.
Topics: Animals; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Hydrolysis; Phytic Acid; Rats; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 11417869
DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00155-4 -
Journal of Basic Microbiology Jan 2017Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-studied yeast species used mainly in fermentation processes, bakery, and for SCP (Single Cell Protein) acquisition. The aim of the...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a well-studied yeast species used mainly in fermentation processes, bakery, and for SCP (Single Cell Protein) acquisition. The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of phytic acid utilization as one of the hydrolysis processes carried out by yeast. The analysis of 30 yeast strains used in fermentation and for biomass production, that were grown in media containing phytic acid, revealed a high variability in the biomass production rate and the capability to hydrolyze phytates. No correlation between a high biomass concentration and a high level of phytate hydrolysis was found. Only four analyzed strains (Bayanus IOC Efficience, Sano, PINK EXCEL, FINAROME) were able to reduce the phytic acid concentration by more than 33.5%, from the initial concentration 103.0 ± 2.1 μg/ml to the level below 70 μg/ml. The presented results suggest that the selected wine and fodder yeast can be used as in situ source of phosphohydrolases in fermentation processes, and especially in the production of fodder proteins. However, further studies aimed at the optimization of growing parameters, such as the maximization of phytase secretion, and a comprehensive analysis of the catalytic activity of the isolated phosphohydrolases, are necessary.
Topics: 6-Phytase; Animal Feed; Biomass; Ethanol; Fermentation; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hydrolysis; Industrial Microbiology; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; Phytic Acid; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Wine
PubMed: 27406571
DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600311 -
International Journal of Biological... Apr 2021Polyester/cotton blend fabrics are widely used in clothing and household textiles which combine the comfort of cotton and excellent mechanical strength of polyester....
Polyester/cotton blend fabrics are widely used in clothing and household textiles which combine the comfort of cotton and excellent mechanical strength of polyester. However, their high flammability due to the special "wick effect" resulting from the different thermal decomposition process of cotton and polyester causes greatly potential fire hazards. In this study, fully bio-based intumescent flame retardant (IFR) coating of chitosan/phytic acid (CS/PA) was layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly constructed on polyester/cotton blend fabrics. The LOI value of polyester/cotton blend fabric which was LBL assembly coated by 20 bilayers CS/PA reached 29.2%. And the dripping of coated fabric was eliminated. The results of cone calorimetry test confirmed CS/PA coating greatly improved the flame retardancy of polyester/cotton blend fabrics. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results showed CS/PA coating changed the thermal decomposition process to promote the char formation of polyester/cotton blend fabrics. CS/PA coating on fabric could form the IFR system which acts through both condensed phase action by the catalysis dehydration reaction to forming stable char and gas phase action by the blowing effect. This research provides a new strategy to eco-friendly flame retardant and dripping-resistant for polyester/cotton blend fabrics by bio-based IFR system through facile LBL assembly method.
Topics: Calorimetry; Chitosan; Cotton Fiber; Flame Retardants; Phytic Acid; Polyesters; Textiles
PubMed: 33556399
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.023 -
Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology 2014Phosphate released from phytic acid can be used as a measure of phytase activity. However, most of the phosphate estimation methods have not examined the interference or... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Phosphate released from phytic acid can be used as a measure of phytase activity. However, most of the phosphate estimation methods have not examined the interference or interaction of phytic acid in the assay. In this article, we report the kinetics and influence of unreduced phytic acid on phosphate estimation by three of the often-used methods for phytase estimation, the AOAC, Cooper-Gowing, and Fiske-Subbarow methods. Our results show that the AOAC method is most suitable to estimate the phytase activity in the presence of phytate in the medium. In the Fiske and Subbarow method, we noticed that the time factor plays a role in the interference of the phytic acid; especially the readings taken during the second hour of incubation are influenced by the presence of phytic acid. The method of Cooper and Gowing is labor-intensive and is prone to give error values at higher concentrations.
Topics: 6-Phytase; Enzyme Assays; Kinetics; Phosphates; Phytic Acid
PubMed: 24274012
DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2013.797434 -
World Journal of Microbiology &... Nov 2023Phytases are important enzymes used for eliminating the anti-nutritional properties of phytic acid in food and feed ingredients. Phytic acid is major form of organic... (Review)
Review
Phytases are important enzymes used for eliminating the anti-nutritional properties of phytic acid in food and feed ingredients. Phytic acid is major form of organic phosphorus stored during seed setting. Monogastric animals cannot utilize this phytate-phosphorus due to lack of necessary enzymes. Therefore, phytic acid excretion is responsible for mineral deficiency and phosphorus pollution. Phytases have been reported from diverse microorganisms, however, fungal phytases are preferred due to their unique properties. Aspergillus species are the predominant producers of phytases and have been explored widely as compared to other fungi. Solid-state fermentation has been studied as an economical process for the production of phytases to utilize various agro-industrial residues. Mixed substrate fermentation has also been reported for the production of phytases. Physical and chemical parameters including pH, temperature, and concentrations of media components have significantly affected the production of phytases in solid state fermentation. Fungi produced high levels of phytases in solid state fermentation utilizing economical substrates. Optimization of culture conditions using different approaches has significantly improved the production of phytases. Fungal phytases are histidine acid phosphatases exhibiting broad substrate specificity, are relatively thermostable and protease-resistant. These phytases have been found effective in dephytinization of food and feed samples with concomitant liberation of minerals, sugars and soluble proteins. Additionally, they have improved the growth of plants by increasing the availability of phosphorus and other minerals. Furthermore, phytases from fungi have played an important roles in bread making, semi-synthesis of peroxidase, biofuel production, production of myo-inositol phosphates and management of environmental pollution. This review article describes the production of fungal phytases in solid state fermentation and their biotechnological applications.
Topics: Animals; 6-Phytase; Fermentation; Phytic Acid; Phosphorus; Minerals
PubMed: 38008864
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03783-1