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Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2012"PICA" means perverted appetite for substances not fit as food or of no nutritional value such as, bricks, clay, soil, ice, laundry starch, etc. The word ''PICA'' is...
"PICA" means perverted appetite for substances not fit as food or of no nutritional value such as, bricks, clay, soil, ice, laundry starch, etc. The word ''PICA'' is derived from Latin word for Magpie, a species of bird that feeds on whatever it encounters. ''PICA'' has been observed in ethnic groups worldwide in primitive and modern cultures, in both sexes and in all age groups. The case presented here reports a 30 year old female patient who had craving for ingestion of gravel and brick fragments since the age of 13 years. Iron deficiency anemia was found after complete blood count and iron studies. The diagnosis of "PICA" requires that the patient is persistently eating non-food substances for at least 1 month and such behavior is appropriate for the child's stage of development.
Topics: Adult; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Female; Humans; Pica; Tongue Diseases; Tooth Attrition
PubMed: 23059587
DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.102246 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood.... Oct 2017Pica is defined as the persistent ingestion of non-nutritive substances for more than 1 month at an age at which this behaviour is deemed inappropriate. It occurs most... (Review)
Review
Pica is defined as the persistent ingestion of non-nutritive substances for more than 1 month at an age at which this behaviour is deemed inappropriate. It occurs most commonly in children, in patients with learning disabilities and in pregnancy. The aetiology of pica is poorly understood and is probably multifactorial. Clinical assessment can be difficult. History and examination should be tailored to address potential complications of the substance being ingested. Complications can be life threatening. Pica often self-remits in younger children. In those with learning disabilities, however, pica may persist into adulthood. Management strategies should involve a multidisciplinary approach, and interventions are primarily behavioural in nature. There is limited evidence to support pharmacological interventions in the management of children with pica.
Topics: Adolescent; Behavior Therapy; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Pica; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 28487433
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-312121 -
Psychosomatics Jul 1986
Review
Topics: Black or African American; Aggression; Behavior Therapy; Child; Culture; Female; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Lead Poisoning; Nutrition Disorders; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Pica; Pregnancy; United States
PubMed: 3526382
DOI: 10.1016/S0033-3182(86)72659-5 -
Australian Family Physician 2017Pica, the eating of non-foods, occurs particularly in children and pregnant women. It has been observed in communities all over the world. Pica is associated with iron...
BACKGROUND
Pica, the eating of non-foods, occurs particularly in children and pregnant women. It has been observed in communities all over the world. Pica is associated with iron deficiency and, in some environments, lead poisoning. This is the first time a study has assessed the prevalence of pica in Australia.
METHODS
The study assessed the prevalence of pica in an Australian rural community, using a questionnaire given to parents of 223 children aged 2-10 years attending the five general practice surgeries in the shire.
RESULTS
The prevalence of non-ice pica in the study group was 9.4%, and 3.6% of this group ate soil.
DISCUSSION
The presence of pica should alert the treating clinician to consider iron deficiency and, in the case of polluted environments, lead exposure.
Topics: Adult; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Australia; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Pica; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Rural Population; Soil; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 28376581
DOI: No ID Found -
Nursing Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Pica
PubMed: 37343253
DOI: 10.1097/01.NURSE.0000936780.65756.90 -
Research in Developmental Disabilities Sep 2013Pica is a very serious problem in which an individual ingests substances without nutrition value, such as paper and paint. As this behavior is often life-threatening... (Review)
Review
Pica is a very serious problem in which an individual ingests substances without nutrition value, such as paper and paint. As this behavior is often life-threatening resulting in surgery, pica has received attention from researchers for several decades. During that time, a number of interventions have been devised, such as behavioral methods (e.g., aversive stimuli, overcorrection, time-out, reinforcement) and biological interventions (e.g., pharmacotherapy, nutritional supplements). This paper is a broad review of the research on treatment studies for this problem, with a focus on persons with autism and/or intellectual disability (ID), which constitutes almost all of the published treatment papers. In addition, strengths and weaknesses of different pica treatments are discussed. Upon review, applied behavior analysis (ABA) was found to have the most robust empirical support to treat this behavior. Most clinicians are drifting away from aversive techniques and relying on more positive procedures to guide their treatment plans. The implications of current status and future directions for research are also addressed.
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Behavior Therapy; Developmental Disabilities; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Pica
PubMed: 23747942
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.05.018 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR Sep 2021Pica is an eating disorder characterized by craving for nonfood items, such as dirt, clay, detergents, soap, stone, and paper. It occurs in children who start feeling...
Pica is an eating disorder characterized by craving for nonfood items, such as dirt, clay, detergents, soap, stone, and paper. It occurs in children who start feeling the world with the oral cavity. The exact etiology of this disorder is still unknown; nonetheless, its treatment and prevalence vary according to patients' behavior and characteristics. We aim to present a case report of a patient with pica who was treated with Persian Traditional Medicine. This treatment was performed using four doses of 15 ml Punica granatum extract after every meal for 3 weeks while fasting before breakfast. The patient's appetite improve within 3 weeks, with remarkable improvement in pica symptoms. Punica granatum extract seems to be effective in controlling pica.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; Medicine, Traditional; Phytotherapy; Pica; Plant Extracts; Pomegranate
PubMed: 34390288
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6989 -
Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD Aug 2020Pica is defined as a feeding and eating disorder where there is consumption of nonnutritive substances not consistent with cultural practices or social norms. Its... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Pica is defined as a feeding and eating disorder where there is consumption of nonnutritive substances not consistent with cultural practices or social norms. Its aetiology is still unknown, as its prevalence and optimal treatment, which seem to vary with patients' characteristics and the specific behaviours involved.
OBJECTIVES
The authors present a case report of pica treated with copper supplementation, with further diagnostic and treatment considerations.
METHODS
Clinical records and interviews were used. A review was conducted using PubMed database.
RESULTS
A 59-year-old patient, diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, presented with sideroblastic anaemia secondary to zinc-induced copper deficiency in the context of pica. These behaviours ceased with copper supplementation. After 2-year remission, the patient was discontinued on oral copper. One week after, pica behaviours reoccurred, with further remission with renewed copper treatment. Based on temporal relationship, we propose that there might be an association between copper supplementation and pica, not related to its plasma levels.
CONCLUSIONS
As far as we know, this is the first case report in the literature with such a long-term follow-up of pica treatment. Our findings challenge the cause-effect relation between micronutrient deficiency and pica and prompts further research in the non-adaptive theories of this poorly understood clinical entity.
Topics: Copper; Humans; Middle Aged; Pica
PubMed: 31273687
DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00739-z -
Annual Review of Nutrition Aug 2010Pica, the purposive consumption of nonfood substances, is a millennia-old nutritional enigma. Its worldwide ubiquity, prevalence among pregnant women and children, and... (Review)
Review
Pica, the purposive consumption of nonfood substances, is a millennia-old nutritional enigma. Its worldwide ubiquity, prevalence among pregnant women and children, and association with both positive and negative health outcomes, especially micronutrient deficiencies, underscore the importance of understanding this behavior. Multiple proposed etiologies of pica are reviewed, including cultural expectations, psychological stress, hunger, dyspepsia, micronutrient deficiencies (Fe, Zn, and Ca), and protection against toxins and pathogens. Currently available data, although limited, best support the protection hypothesis as a cause of most types of pica, although some evidence suggests that pagophagy (ice consumption) may occur during iron deficiency. It is possible that the binding capacity of pica substances explains the association with micronutrient deficiencies; earth, starch, etc. may render micronutrients in ingesta unavailable for absorption. Increased research efforts are warranted and must be hypothesis driven, interdisciplinary, and permit the testing of multiple causal inferences.
Topics: Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Micronutrients; Pica; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Public Health
PubMed: 20420523
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104713 -
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of... Mar 2001Pica is one of eating disorders characterized by continuous or repeated ingestion of non-food materials or sometimes of a tremendous amount of specified food. Known risk... (Review)
Review
Pica is one of eating disorders characterized by continuous or repeated ingestion of non-food materials or sometimes of a tremendous amount of specified food. Known risk factors for developing pica include iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition, mental disorders, pregnancy, psychiatric conflict, and social and ethnic habituation, although the mild pica tendency associated with mental disorders is excluded from the definition of pica according to the fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) by American Psychiatric Association. Pica is regarded as the common disorder than expected but commonly missed, and therefore is important to suspect of this disorder for its diagnosis when people with known risk factors show unexplained signs and symptoms.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Pica; Pregnancy
PubMed: 11268609
DOI: No ID Found