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Acta Crystallographica. Section C,... Sep 2006In the crystal structure of the title compound {systematic name: bis[6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide(1-)-kappa2N3,O4]bis(3-methylpyridine)copper(II)},...
In the crystal structure of the title compound {systematic name: bis[6-methyl-1,2,3-oxathiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide(1-)-kappa2N3,O4]bis(3-methylpyridine)copper(II)}, [Cu(C4H4NO4S)2(C6H7N)2], the CuII centre resides on a centre of symmetry and has an octahedral geometry that is distorted both by the presence of four-membered chelate rings and because of the Jahn-Teller effect. The equatorial plane is formed by the N atoms of two methylpyridine ligands and by the more basic O atoms of the acesulfamate ligands, while the weakly basic N atoms of these ligands are in elongated axial positions with a misdirected valence. The crystal is stabilized by two intermolecular C-H...O interactions involving the methyl and CH groups, and the sulfonyl O atoms of the acesulfamate group.
Topics: Cations, Divalent; Copper; Molecular Structure; Picolines; Sulfur Compounds
PubMed: 16954618
DOI: 10.1107/S0108270106027880 -
Biochemical Pharmacology Nov 1994Hep G2 cells, an established cell line derived from a human hepatoma, have retained a number of hepatocytic phase I and II reactions. The influence of picolines (2-, 3-...
Hep G2 cells, an established cell line derived from a human hepatoma, have retained a number of hepatocytic phase I and II reactions. The influence of picolines (2-, 3- and 4-methylpyridine), related compounds and some classical enzyme inducers on specific glutathione transferase (GST) activity and its subunit composition in Hep G2 cells was investigated. Increased GST activity was observed for rifamycin, phenobarbital, pyrazine and the picolines, of which the 4-isomer was the strongest inducer. The GST subunits were analysed by HPLC. GSTP1, GSTM1a, GSTA1 and GSTA2 were present in control Hep G2 cells. GSTM1a disappeared or was strongly reduced under the influence of the test chemicals. All GST increases were due to augmented GSTA1 expression. Thus, picolines stimulate GST activity in Hep G2 cells by influencing the class alpha GSTA1.
Topics: Enzyme Induction; Glutathione Transferase; Humans; Liver; Picolines; Tumor Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 7986210
DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(94)90597-5 -
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2022The problem of postcovid syndrome (PCS) attracts great interest due to the wide prevalence and variety of clinical manifestations. The main neurological manifestations...
The problem of postcovid syndrome (PCS) attracts great interest due to the wide prevalence and variety of clinical manifestations. The main neurological manifestations of PCS are considered. The information about the proposed mechanisms of the formation of PCS is given. The possibility of using the drug Mexidol for the treatment of patients with PCS is discussed.
Topics: Humans; Picolines; Prevalence; Syndrome
PubMed: 35394713
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20221220317 -
Chemical Communications (Cambridge,... Feb 2012The metal free, direct oxidation of 2-, 3-, and 4-picoline to the corresponding carboxylic acid using either oxygen or air has been developed under continuous flow...
The metal free, direct oxidation of 2-, 3-, and 4-picoline to the corresponding carboxylic acid using either oxygen or air has been developed under continuous flow conditions. Complete conversion for all three substrates was obtained at moderate temperatures and pressures within minutes.
Topics: Air; Carboxylic Acids; Oxidation-Reduction; Picolines
PubMed: 22246388
DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17123f -
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2019This review summarizes the available data on the combined administration of mexidol with medicines of different pharmacotherapeutic groups. Mexidol has a multifaceted... (Review)
Review
This review summarizes the available data on the combined administration of mexidol with medicines of different pharmacotherapeutic groups. Mexidol has a multifaceted mechanism of action and exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects. It enhances therapeutic effects of a variety of drugs in research and clinical settings, boosts the effectiveness of therapy prescribed in accordance with the applicable federal standards and contributes to reducing the severity of complications. Effectiveness data and pathogenetic considerations underpinning combination therapy with mexidol and other drugs suggest that this is a viable approach for treating cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the nervous system, open-angle glaucoma and alcohol intoxication as well as a number of other diseases.
Topics: Antioxidants; Picolines
PubMed: 31156232
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119041115 -
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2012
Review
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Antioxidants; Drug Synergism; Humans; Picolines; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 23461005
DOI: No ID Found -
Pharmaceutical Bulletin Dec 1953
Topics: Carbon; Gamma Rays; Nitrogen; Picolines; Pyridines
PubMed: 13166550
DOI: 10.1248/cpb1953.1.307 -
Quarterly Reviews on Drug Metabolism... 1982In this review it has been pointed out that vitamin B6 and its vitamers can be involved in many interactions with a number of drugs, as well as with the actions of... (Review)
Review
In this review it has been pointed out that vitamin B6 and its vitamers can be involved in many interactions with a number of drugs, as well as with the actions of various endocrines and neurotransmitters. Nutritional deficiencies, especially of vitamins and proteins, can affect the manner in which drugs undergo biotransformation, and thereby may also modify the therapeutic efficacy of certain drugs. The differences between nutritional vitamin B6 deficiency and the hereditary disorder producing pyridoxine dependency are discussed. In addition to a pyridoxine deficiency being able to adversely affect drug actions, the improper supplementation with vitamin B6 can in some instances also adversely affect drug efficacy. A decrease by pyridoxine in the efficacy of levodopa used in the treatment of Parkinsonism is an example. The interrelationships and enzymatic interconversions among pyridoxine vitamers, both phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated, are briefly discussed, particularly regarding their pharmacokinetic properties. The ways in which the normal biochemical functions of vitamin B6 may be interfered with by various drugs are reviewed. (1) The chronic administration of isoniazid for the prevention or treatment of tuberculosis can produce peripheral neuropathy which can be prevented by the concurrent administration of pyridoxine. An acute toxic overdose of isoniazid causes generalized convulsions, and the intravenous administration of pyridoxine hydrochloride will prevent or stop these seizures. (2) The acute ingestion of excessive monosodium glutamate will, in some individuals, cause a group of symptoms including among others headache, weakness, stiffness, and heartburn, collectively known as the 'Chinese Restaurant Syndrome.' These symptoms can be prevented by prior supplementation with vitamin B6. The beneficial effect is ascribed to the correction of a deficiency in the activity of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, an enzyme that is dependent on pyridoxal phosphate. Some interesting relationships are pointed out between vitamin B6, picolinic acid, and zinc. It is postulated that the intestinal absorption of zinc is facilitated by picolinic acid, a metabolite of tryptophan. The derivation of picolinic acid from tryptophan depends on the action of the enzyme kynureninase, which is dependent on pyridoxal phosphate; therefore, the adequate absorption of zinc is indirectly dependent on an adequate supply of vitamin B6. The formation of pyridoxal phosphate, on the other hand, appears to be indirectly dependent on Zn2++ which activates pyridoxal kinase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Topics: Animals; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Depressive Disorder; Disease; Drug Interactions; Drug Therapy; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Isoniazid; Kinetics; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Penicillamine; Picolinic Acids; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Pyridoxine; Receptors, Cell Surface; Sodium Glutamate; Vitamins; Zinc
PubMed: 6087425
DOI: 10.1515/dmdi.1982.4.4.289 -
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Oct 2008In the present study CT complexes of 2-, 3- and 4-Picolines with (DDQ) 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano parabenzoquinone (pi-acceptor) and (I2) Iodine (sigma-acceptor) have...
In the present study CT complexes of 2-, 3- and 4-Picolines with (DDQ) 2, 3-dichloro-5, 6-dicyano parabenzoquinone (pi-acceptor) and (I2) Iodine (sigma-acceptor) have been investigated spectrophotometrically in three different solvents (CCl4, CHCl3 and CH2Cl2) at six different temperatures. The formation constants of the CT complexes were determined by the Benesi-Hildebrand equation. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated by Van(')t Hoff equation. The DeltaH degrees , DeltaG degrees and DeltaS degrees values are all negative implying that the formation of studied complexes is exothermic in nature.
Topics: Ions; Picolines; Solvents; Spectrophotometry; Thermodynamics
PubMed: 18078780
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.10.030 -
The Journal of Organic Chemistry Dec 2008The lithium diisopropylamide (LDA)-mediated condensation of 2-fluoro-3-picoline and benzonitrile to form 2-phenyl-7-azaindole via a Chichibabin cyclization is described....
The lithium diisopropylamide (LDA)-mediated condensation of 2-fluoro-3-picoline and benzonitrile to form 2-phenyl-7-azaindole via a Chichibabin cyclization is described. Facile dimerization of the picoline via a 1,4-addition of the incipient benzyllithium to the picoline starting material and fast 1,2-addition of LDA to benzonitrile cause the reaction to be complex. Both adducts are shown to reenter the reaction coordinate to produce the desired 7-azaindole. The solution structures of the key intermediates and the underlying reaction mechanisms are studied by a combination of IR and NMR spectroscopies.
Topics: Cyclization; Dihydropyridines; Dimerization; Indicators and Reagents; Indoles; Kinetics; Lithium Compounds; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Picolines; Solvents; Spectrophotometry, Infrared
PubMed: 18707175
DOI: 10.1021/jo801410s