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Critical Care Medicine Feb 2009
Topics: Electrocardiography; Heart Arrest; Heart Rate; Humans; Prognosis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 19325360
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181959abc -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Sep 2005
Topics: Bone Diseases; Humans; Pinta; Skin; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 16107996
DOI: 10.1086/432805 -
Annals of the New York Academy of... Dec 1952
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Penicillins; Pinta
PubMed: 13139202
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1952.tb22683.x -
The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Aug 1970
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Hominidae; Humans; Pinta; Serology; Treponema
PubMed: 5470080
DOI: 10.1136/sti.46.4.311 -
Nursing Times Jun 1972
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Milk; United Kingdom; Veterinary Medicine; Zoonoses
PubMed: 5064874
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Psychiatry Jul 2014
Topics: Criminals; Female; Humans; Male; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenia, Paranoid; Schizophrenic Psychology; Violence
PubMed: 24980178
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14030296r -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 2014The agents of human treponematoses include four closely related members of the genus Treponema: three subspecies of Treponema pallidum plus Treponema carateum. T.... (Review)
Review
The agents of human treponematoses include four closely related members of the genus Treponema: three subspecies of Treponema pallidum plus Treponema carateum. T. pallidum subsp. pallidum causes venereal syphilis, while T. pallidum subsp. pertenue, T. pallidum subsp. endemicum, and T. carateum are the agents of the endemic treponematoses yaws, bejel (or endemic syphilis), and pinta, respectively. All human treponematoses share remarkable similarities in pathogenesis and clinical manifestations, consistent with the high genetic and antigenic relatedness of their etiological agents. Distinctive features have been identified in terms of age of acquisition, most common mode of transmission, and capacity for invasion of the central nervous system and fetus, although the accuracy of these purported differences is debated among investigators and no biological basis for these differences has been identified to date. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially set a goal for yaws eradication by 2020. This challenging but potentially feasible endeavor is favored by the adoption of oral azithromycin for mass treatment and the currently focused distribution of yaws and endemic treponematoses and has revived global interest in these fascinating diseases and their causative agents.
Topics: Animals; Disease Eradication; Disease Models, Animal; Endemic Diseases; Treponema; Treponemal Infections
PubMed: 24396138
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00070-13 -
Documenta de Medicina Geographica Et... Mar 1957
Topics: Animals; Humans; Indonesia; Pinta; Zebrafish
PubMed: 13427670
DOI: No ID Found -
Interventional Cardiology Clinics Oct 2012
PubMed: 28581975
DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2012.08.001 -
JAMA Jan 2021Antibiotics are an effective and safe alternative to appendectomy for managing uncomplicated acute appendicitis, but the optimal antibiotic regimen is not known. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
IMPORTANCE
Antibiotics are an effective and safe alternative to appendectomy for managing uncomplicated acute appendicitis, but the optimal antibiotic regimen is not known.
OBJECTIVE
To compare oral antibiotics with combined intravenous followed by oral antibiotics in the management of computed tomography-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
The Appendicitis Acuta (APPAC) II multicenter, open-label, noninferiority randomized clinical trial was conducted from April 2017 until November 2018 in 9 Finnish hospitals. A total of 599 patients aged 18 to 60 years with computed tomography-confirmed uncomplicated acute appendicitis were enrolled in the trial. The last date of follow-up was November 29, 2019.
INTERVENTIONS
Patients randomized to receive oral monotherapy (n = 295) received oral moxifloxacin (400 mg/d) for 7 days. Patients randomized to receive intravenous antibiotics followed by oral antibiotics (n = 288) received intravenous ertapenem (1 g/d) for 2 days followed by oral levofloxacin (500 mg/d) and metronidazole (500 mg 3 times/d) for 5 days.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary end point was treatment success (≥65%) for both groups, defined as discharge from hospital without surgery and no recurrent appendicitis during 1-year follow-up, and to determine whether oral antibiotics alone were noninferior to intravenous and oral antibiotics, with a margin of 6% for difference.
RESULTS
Among 599 patients who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 36 [12] years; 263 [44%] women), 581 (99.7%) were available for the 1-year follow-up. The treatment success rate at 1 year was 70.2% (1-sided 95% CI, 65.8% to ∞) for patients treated with oral antibiotics and 73.8% (1-sided 95% CI, 69.5% to ∞) for patients treated with intravenous followed by oral antibiotics. The difference was -3.6% ([1-sided 95% CI, -9.7% to ∞]; P = .26 for noninferiority), with the confidence limit exceeding the noninferiority margin.
CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE
Among adults with uncomplicated acute appendicitis, treatment with 7 days of oral moxifloxacin compared with 2 days of intravenous ertapenem followed by 5 days of levofloxacin and metronidazole resulted in treatment success rates greater than 65% in both groups, but failed to demonstrate noninferiority for treatment success of oral antibiotics compared with intravenous followed by oral antibiotics.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03236961; EudraCT Identifier: 2015-003633-10.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Intravenous; Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Appendectomy; Appendicitis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ertapenem; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Levofloxacin; Male; Metronidazole; Middle Aged; Moxifloxacin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult
PubMed: 33427870
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.23525