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Bioresource Technology Jul 2020Two bacterial species with the ability to produce biosurfactants were isolated from a pesticide contaminated soil and identified as Planococcus rifietoensis IITR53 and...
Two bacterial species with the ability to produce biosurfactants were isolated from a pesticide contaminated soil and identified as Planococcus rifietoensis IITR53 and Planococcus halotolerans IITR55. Formation of froth indicating the surfactant production was observed when grown in basal salt medium containing 2% glucose. The culture supernatant after 72 h showed reduction in surface tension from 72 N/m to 46 and 42 N/m for strain IITR53 and IITR55 with emulsification index of 51 and 54% respectively. The biosurfactant identified as rhamnolipid based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, was found to inhibit the growth of both gram- positive and negative pathogenic bacteria. Both the rhamnolipids at 40 mg/mL exhibited the release of extracellular DNA and protein content. Also at one third of the MIC, a significant generation of reactive oxygen species was recorded. These rhamnolipids effectively emulsified different vegetable oils suggesting their possible utilization as antimicrobial agent.
Topics: Bacteria; Glycolipids; Planococcus Bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 32240926
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123206 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2017A taxonomic study was performed on a novel Gram-stain-positive, coccus-shaped, orange-pigmented motile bacterium, designated as strain L10.15. The organism was isolated...
A taxonomic study was performed on a novel Gram-stain-positive, coccus-shaped, orange-pigmented motile bacterium, designated as strain L10.15. The organism was isolated from a soil sample collected in Lagoon Island (close to Adelaide Island, western Antarctic Peninsula) using a quorum-quenching enrichment medium. Growth occurred at 4-30 °C, pH 6-11 and at moderately high salinity (0-15 %, w/v, NaCl), with optimal growth at 26 °C, at pH 7-8 and with 6 % (w/v) NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain L10.15 belonged to the genus Planococcus and was closely related to Planococcus halocryophilus Or1 (99.3 % similarity), Planococcus donghaensis JH1 (99.0 %), Planococcus antarcticus DSM 14505 (98.3 %), Planococcus plakortidis AS/ASP6 (II) (97.6 %), Planococcus maritimus TF-9 (97.5 %), Planococcus salinarum ISL-6 (97.5 %) and Planococcus kocurii NCIMB 629 (97.5 %). However, the average nucleotide identity-MUMmer analysis showed low genomic relatedness values of 71.1-81.7 % to the type strains of these closely related species of the genus Planococcus. The principal fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and anteiso-C17 : 0, and the major menaquinones of strain L10.15 were MK-5 (48 %), MK-6 (6 %) and MK-7 (44 %). Polar lipid analysis revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and aminophospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.4 mol%. The phenotypic and genotypic data indicate that strain L10.15 represents a novel species of the genus Planococcus, for which the name Planococcus versutus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L10.15 (=DSM 101994=KACC 18918).
Topics: Antarctic Regions; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Planococcus Bacteria; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Ubiquinone; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 27959786
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001721 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2020The marine environment represents a well-off and diverse group of microbes, which offers an enormous natural bioactive compounds of commercial importance. These natural... (Review)
Review
The marine environment represents a well-off and diverse group of microbes, which offers an enormous natural bioactive compounds of commercial importance. These natural products have expanded rigorous awareness due to their widespread stability and functionality under harsh environmental conditions. The genus is a halophilic bacterium known for the production of diverse secondary metabolites such as 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1, 2)-β-d-fructofuranose exhibiting stabilizing effect and methyl glucosyl-3,4-dehydro-apo-8-lycopenoate displaying antioxidant activity. The genus is reported generally for hydrocarbon degradation in comparison with biosurfactant/bioemulsifier secretion. Although was proposed in 1894, it seized long stretch (till 1970) to get accommodated under the genus authentically. Large-scale biosurfactant production from was reported in 2014 with partial characterization. For the first time in 2019, we documented genomic and functional analysis of sp. along with the physico-chemical properties of its biosurfactant. In 2020, again we screened biosurfactant for pharmacological applications. The present review discusses the comprehensive genomic insights and physical properties of -derived biosurfactant. Moreover, we also highlight the prospects and challenges in biosurfactant production from sp. Among ∼102 reports on biosurfactant produced by marine bacteria, 43 were of glycolipid and 59 were non-glycolipid type. Under other biosurfactant type, they were identified as lipopeptide (20) like surfactin (5), glycolipoprotein/lipoprotein (12), and other non-glycolipid (22). sp. generally produces glycolipid-type biosurfactant (4) and exopolysaccharides (2). The single report documented in the literature is on biosurfactant production (glycolipid +non glycolipid) by diverse marine microbes (39) suggesting their novelty and diversity for biosurfactant secretion.
PubMed: 32974318
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00996 -
3 Biotech Oct 2023is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria known for potential industrial and agricultural applications. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence and phylogenomic...
UNLABELLED
is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria known for potential industrial and agricultural applications. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence and phylogenomic analysis of a CRISPR-carrying, multidrug-resistant, novel candidate sp. NCCP-2050 isolated from agricultural soil in Pakistan. The strain NCCP-2050 exhibited significant resistance to various classes of antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones (i.e., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and bacitracin), cephalosporins (cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone), rifamycins (rifampicin), macrolides (erythromycin), and glycopeptides (vancomycin). sp. NCCP-2050 consists of genome size of 3,463,905 bp, comprised of 3639 annotated genes, including 82 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes and 39 secondary metabolite genes. The genome also contained 80 antibiotic resistance, 162 virulence, and 305 pathogen-host interaction genes along with two CRISPR arrays. Based on phylogenomic analysis, digital DNA-DNA hybridization, and average nucleotide identity values (i.e., 35.4 and 88.5%, respectively) it was suggested that strain NCCP-2050 might represent a potential new species within the genus .
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03748-z.
PubMed: 37663752
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03748-z -
Marine Drugs Mar 2014Marine bacteria have not been examined as extensively as land bacteria. We screened carotenoids from orange or red pigments-producing marine bacteria belonging to rare... (Review)
Review
Marine bacteria have not been examined as extensively as land bacteria. We screened carotenoids from orange or red pigments-producing marine bacteria belonging to rare or novel species. The new acyclic carotenoids with a C₃₀ aglycone, diapolycopenedioc acid xylosylesters A-C and methyl 5-glucosyl-5,6-dihydro-apo-4,4'-lycopenoate, were isolated from the novel Gram-negative bacterium Rubritalea squalenifaciens, which belongs to phylum Verrucomicrobia, as well as the low-GC Gram-positive bacterium Planococcus maritimus strain iso-3 belonging to the class Bacilli, phylum Firmicutes, respectively. The rare monocyclic C₄₀ carotenoids, (3R)-saproxanthin and (3R,2'S)-myxol, were isolated from novel species of Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae, phylum Bacteroidetes. In this review, we report the structures and antioxidant activities of these carotenoids, and consider relationships between bacterial phyla and carotenoid structures.
Topics: Antioxidants; Bacteria; Carotenoids; Geologic Sediments; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Planococcus Bacteria; Seawater; Sunlight; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 24663119
DOI: 10.3390/md12031690 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2020Antarctic regions are characterized by low temperatures and strong UV radiation. This harsh environment is inhabited by psychrophilic and psychrotolerant organisms,...
Antarctic regions are characterized by low temperatures and strong UV radiation. This harsh environment is inhabited by psychrophilic and psychrotolerant organisms, which have developed several adaptive features. In this study, we analyzed two Antarctic bacterial strains, sp. ANT_H30 and sp. ANT_H53B. The physiological analysis of these strains revealed their potential to produce various biotechnologically valuable secondary metabolites, including surfactants, siderophores, and orange pigments. The genomic characterization of ANT_H30 and ANT_H53B allowed the identification of genes responsible for the production of carotenoids and the in silico reconstruction of the pigment biosynthesis pathways. The complex manual annotation of the bacterial genomes revealed the metabolic potential to degrade a wide variety of compounds, including xenobiotics and waste materials. Carotenoids produced by these bacteria were analyzed chromatographically, and we proved their activity as scavengers of free radicals. The quantity of crude carotenoid extracts produced at two temperatures using various media was also determined. This was a step toward the optimization of carotenoid production by Antarctic bacteria on a larger scale.
Topics: Carotenoids; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Multigene Family; Phylogeny; Planococcus Bacteria; Rhodococcus
PubMed: 32977394
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194357 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Jun 2020A Gram-staining-positive and aerobic coccus with the ability to degrade petroleum bacterium, designated Y42, was isolated from the Lenghu oil field located in the...
A Gram-staining-positive and aerobic coccus with the ability to degrade petroleum bacterium, designated Y42, was isolated from the Lenghu oil field located in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin. Phylogenetic and signature nucleotides analyses revealed that strain Y42 belongs to the genus Planococcus. The multiple sequence alignments of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes showed that strain Y42 formed a distinct lineage with the other Planococcus clade. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and DNA-DNA hybridization values (DDH) between strain Y42 and the reference strains were 69.5-70.1 and 19.4-21.7%, respectively, which values were below the threshold for species delineation. The major fatty acids of strain Y42 were anteiso-C. The respiratory quinone was MK-7 (71.8%) as the predominant menaquinone followed the MK-6 (28.2%) and the cell-wall hydrolysates contained LL-diaminopimelic acid. The polar lipid was composed of diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphoglycolipid, aminophospholipid and four unidentified lipids. The peptidoglycan type was A4α (L-Lys-D-Glu). The strain Y42 possessed larger genome (approximately 4 MB) and revealed obvious differences for the abundance of the COG categories compared with the other Planococcus bacteria. Also, the strain Y42 also possessed more unique orthologous proteins. The structural characteristics of the strain Y42 genome provided a competitive advantage for better survival in petroleum-polluted environments. Combined with the 16S rRNA gene and genome sequence, phenotypic as well as chemotaxonomic characterisations, strain Y42 is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Planococcus, for which the name Planococcus lenghuensis sp. nov. be proposed. The type strain is Y42 (= CGMCC 1.15921 = JCM 32719).
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Environmental Pollutants; Fatty Acids; Genes, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Oils; Peptidoglycan; Petroleum; Phenotype; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Planococcus Bacteria; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 32114684
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01394-6 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2022One cold-adapted strain, named sp. XW-1, was isolated from the Yellow Sea. The strain can produce biosurfactant with petroleum as sole source of carbon at low...
One cold-adapted strain, named sp. XW-1, was isolated from the Yellow Sea. The strain can produce biosurfactant with petroleum as sole source of carbon at low temperature (4 °C). The biosurfactant was identified as glycolipid-type biosurfactant species by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It reduced the surface tension of water to 26.8 mN/m with a critical micelle concentration measurement of 60 mg/L. The produced biosurfactant possesses high surface activity at wide ranges of temperature (-18-105 °C), pH values (2-12), and salt concentrations (1-18%). The biosurfactant exhibited higher surface activity and higher growth rate of cells with hexadecane and diesel as carbon source. The strain sp. XW-1 was also effective in degrading crude oil, after 21 days of growth at 4 °C in medium with 1% crude oil and 1% (/) bacteria broth, 54% of crude oil was degraded. The results suggest that sp. XW-1 is a promising candidate for use in the bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated seawater in the Yellow Sea during winter. This study reported for the first time that isolated from the Yellow Sea can produce biosurfactant using petroleum as the sole carbon source at low temperature (4 °C), showing its ecological role in the remediation of marine petroleum pollution.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; Carbon; Petroleum; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 35055609
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020782 -
Microbial Cell Factories Mar 2022The genus Planococcus is comprised of halophilic bacteria generally reported for the production of carotenoid pigments and biosurfactants. In previous work, we showed...
BACKGROUND
The genus Planococcus is comprised of halophilic bacteria generally reported for the production of carotenoid pigments and biosurfactants. In previous work, we showed that the culturing of the orange-pigmented Planococcus sp. CP5-4 isolate increased the evaporation rate of industrial wastewater brine effluent, which we attributed to the orange pigment. This demonstrated the potential application of this bacterium for industrial brine effluent management in evaporation ponds for inland desalination plants. Here we identified a C-carotenoid biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for pigment biosynthesis in Planococcus sp. CP5-4 through isolation of mutants and genome sequencing. We further compare the core genes of the carotenoid biosynthetic gene clusters identified from different Planococcus species' genomes which grouped into gene cluster families containing BGCs linked to different carotenoid product chemotypes. Lastly, LC-MS analysis of saponified and unsaponified pigment extracts obtained from cultures of Planococcus sp. CP5-4, revealed the structure of the main (predominant) glucosylated C-carotenoid fatty acid ester produced by Planococcus sp. CP5-4.
RESULTS
Genome sequence comparisons of isolated mutant strains of Planococcus sp. CP5-4 showed deletions of 146 Kb and 3 Kb for the non-pigmented and "yellow" mutants respectively. Eight candidate genes, likely responsible for C-carotenoid biosynthesis, were identified on the wild-type genome region corresponding to the deleted segment in the non-pigmented mutant. Six of the eight candidate genes formed a biosynthetic gene cluster. A truncation of crtP was responsible for the "yellow" mutant phenotype. Genome annotation revealed that the genes encoded 4,4'-diapolycopene oxygenase (CrtNb), 4,4'- diapolycopen-4-al dehydrogenase (CrtNc), 4,4'-diapophytoene desaturase (CrtN), 4,4'- diaponeurosporene oxygenase (CrtP), glycerol acyltransferase (Agpat), family 2 glucosyl transferase 2 (Gtf2), phytoene/squalene synthase (CrtM), and cytochrome P450 hydroxylase enzymes. Carotenoid analysis showed that a glucosylated C-carotenoid fatty acid ester, methyl 5-(6-C)-glucosyl-5, 6'-dihydro-apo-4, 4'-lycopenoate was the main carotenoid compound produced by Planococcus sp. CP5-4.
CONCLUSION
We identified and characterized the carotenoid biosynthetic gene cluster and the C-carotenoid compound produced by Planococcus sp. CP5-4. Mass-spectrometry guided analysis of the saponified and unsaponified pigment extracts showed that methyl 5-glucosyl-5, 6-dihydro-apo-4, 4'-lycopenoate esterified to heptadecatrienoic acid (C). Furthermore, through phylogenetic analysis of the core carotenoid BGCs of Planococcus species we show that various C-carotenoid product chemotypes, apart from methyl 5-glucosyl-5, 6-dihydro-apo-4, 4'-lycopenoate and 5-glucosyl-4, 4-diaponeurosporen-4'-ol-4-oic acid, may be produced that could offer opportunities for a variety of applications.
Topics: Carotenoids; Multigene Family; Phylogeny; Planococcus Bacteria; South Africa
PubMed: 35305628
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01752-1 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Two novel Gram-positive bacteria, designated strains REN8 and REN14, were isolated from pit mud in Sichuan Province, China. REN8 achieved the best growth at 37°C, a pH...
Two novel Gram-positive bacteria, designated strains REN8 and REN14, were isolated from pit mud in Sichuan Province, China. REN8 achieved the best growth at 37°C, a pH of 8.0, and a NaCl concentration of 2%, while REN14 displayed optimal growth at 37°C, a pH of 6.0, and a NaCl concentration of 1%. 16S rRNA and genomic phylogenetic analysis showed that REN8 and REN14 were clustered with the genus . The genomic DNA G + C contents of REN8 and REN14 were 46.7 and 45.1 mol%, respectively. The dDDH and ANI values were 24.5 and 80.43% between REN8 and (the most closely related type strain) and 25.1 and 82.42% between REN14 and (the most closely related type strain). Genomic analysis showed that several carbohydrate-active enzymes and secondary metabolite gene clusters existed in REN8 and REN14. Chemotaxonomic characteristics of REN8 and REN14 included major fatty acids, predominant menaquinones, and polar lipids, all of which were consistent with the genus . Based on the polyphasic taxonomic method, these two strains represent two novel species of the genus ; the name sp. nov. is proposed for the type strain REN8 (=JCM 33964 = GDMCC 1.2213), and the name sp. nov. is proposed for the type strain REN14 (=JCM 34410 = GDMCC 1.2209). The addition of REN8 and REN14 might improve the quality of by considerably increasing the amino acid nitrogen content and acidity and decreasing the bioamine content, with no significant change in alcohol content.
PubMed: 37250023
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1139810