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International Journal of Systematic and... Feb 2018A novel aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, motile, moderately halophilic and coccoid bacterial strain, designated LCB217, was isolated from a saline-alkali soil in...
A novel aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, motile, moderately halophilic and coccoid bacterial strain, designated LCB217, was isolated from a saline-alkali soil in north-western China and identified using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Growth occurred with 3-15 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 3-5 %), at 10-45 °C (optimum 30 °C) and at pH 7.0-9.0 (optimum pH 9.0). Strain LCB217 contained MK-7 and MK-8 as the predominant menaquinones and anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The polar lipids from strain LCB217 consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified phospholipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid and one unidentified lipid. The peptidoglycan type was A4α (l-Lys-d-Glu). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain LCB217 belonged to the genus Planococcus and was closely related to the type strains Planococcus plakortidis AS/ASP6 (II) (98.2 % similarity), Planococcus maitriensis S1 (97.7 %) and Planococcus salinarum ISL-16 (97.2 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 49.4 mol%. DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain LCB217 andPlanococcusplakortidis AS/ASP6 (II), Planococcusmaitriensis S1 andPlanococcussalinarum ISL-16 were 29.5, 38.1 and 39.5 %, respectively. On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic data, strain LCB217 represents a novel species of the genus Planococcus, for which the name Planococcus salinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LCB217 (=CGMCC 1.15685=KCTC 33861).
Topics: Alkalies; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Planococcus Bacteria; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salinity; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 29300160
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002548 -
Marine Drugs May 2014In the last decades, research has focused on the capabilities of microbes to secrete exopolysaccharides (EPS), because these polymers differ from the commercial ones... (Review)
Review
In the last decades, research has focused on the capabilities of microbes to secrete exopolysaccharides (EPS), because these polymers differ from the commercial ones derived essentially from plants or algae in their numerous valuable qualities. These biopolymers have emerged as new polymeric materials with novel and unique physical characteristics that have found extensive applications. In marine microorganisms the produced EPS provide an instrument to survive in adverse conditions: They are found to envelope the cells by allowing the entrapment of nutrients or the adhesion to solid substrates. Even if the processes of synthesis and release of exopolysaccharides request high-energy investments for the bacterium, these biopolymers permit resistance under extreme environmental conditions. Marine bacteria like Bacillus, Halomonas, Planococcus, Enterobacter, Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Rhodococcus, Zoogloea but also Archaea as Haloferax and Thermococcus are here described as EPS producers underlining biopolymer hyperproduction, related fermentation strategies including the effects of the chemical composition of the media, the physical parameters of the growth conditions and the genetic and predicted experimental design tools.
Topics: Bacteria; Fermentation; Polysaccharides; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 24857960
DOI: 10.3390/md12053005 -
Biology Mar 2022The Taklimakan Desert located in China is the second-largest shifting sand desert in the world and is known for its harsh conditions. Types of γ-rays or UV...
The Taklimakan Desert located in China is the second-largest shifting sand desert in the world and is known for its harsh conditions. Types of γ-rays or UV radiation-resistant bacterial strains have been isolated from this desert. However, there is no information regarding the proportions of the radiation-resistant strains in the total culturable microbes. We isolated 352 bacterial strains from nine sites across the Taklimakan Desert from north to south. They belong to Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The phylum Actinobacteria was the most predominant in abundance and Firmicutes had the highest species richness. Bacteroidetes had the lowest abundance and was found in four sites only, while the other three phyla were found in every site but with different distribution profiles. After irradiating with 1000 J/m and 6000 J/m UV-C, the strains with survival rates higher than 10% occupied 72.3% and 36.9% of all culturable bacteria, respectively. The members from Proteobacteria had the highest proportions, with survival rates higher than 10%. After radiation with 10 kGy γ-rays, sp. TKL1057 and sp. TKL1152 showed higher radiation-resistant capabilities than R1. Besides obtaining several radiation-resistant extremophiles, this study measured the proportions of the radiation-resistant strains in the total culturable microbes for the first time. This study may help to better understand the origin of radioresistance, especially by quantitatively comparing proportions of radiation-resistant extremophiles from different environments in the future.
PubMed: 35453702
DOI: 10.3390/biology11040501 -
Extremophiles : Life Under Extreme... Jun 2002Thirteen orange-pigmented bacteria associated with cyanobacterial mat samples collected from four different lakes in McMurdo, Antarctica, were isolated. Twelve of the...
Thirteen orange-pigmented bacteria associated with cyanobacterial mat samples collected from four different lakes in McMurdo, Antarctica, were isolated. Twelve of the isolates, which were coccoid in shape, were very similar and possessed all the characteristics of the genus Planococcus and represented a new species, which was assigned the name Planococcus antarcticus sp. nov. (CMS 26or(T)). Apart from the phenotypic differences, P. antarcticus differed from all reported species of Planococcus by more than 2.5% at the 16S rRNA gene sequence level. In addition, at the DNA-DNA hybridization level, it exhibited very little similarity either with P. mcmeekinii (30%-35%), P. okeanokoites (26%-29%), or CMS 53or(T) (15%-25%), the three species with which it is closely related at the rRNA gene sequence level (2.5%-2.9%). P. antarcticus also showed only 2.5% difference in its 16S rRNA gene sequence compared with the P. alkanoclasticus sequence. But it was distinctly different from P. alkanoclasticus, which exists only as rods, is mesophilic and phosphatase positive, can hydrolyze starch, cannot utilize succinate, glutamate, or glucose, and cannot acidify glucose. Most important, P. antarcticus and P. alkanoclasticus varied distinctly in their fatty acid composition in that C(15:0), C(15:1), C(16:0), iso-C(16:1), and C(17:0) were present only in P. antarcticus but absent in P. alkanoclasticus. CMS 53or(T), the thirteenth isolate, was also identified as a new species of Planococcus and was assigned the name Planococcus psychrophilus sp. nov. This species was distinctly different from all the reported species, including the new species P. antarcticus, with respect to a number of phenotypic characteristics. At the 16S rRNA gene sequence level, it was closely related to P. okeanokoites (98.1%) and P. mcmeekinii (98%), but with respect to the DNA-DNA hybridization, the similarity was only 35%-36%. The type strain of P. antarcticus is CMS 26or(T) (MTCC 3854; DSM 14505), and that of P. psychrophilus is CMS 530r(T) (MTCC 3812; DSM 14507).
Topics: Antarctic Regions; Bacteria; Base Sequence; Cyanobacteria; DNA Primers; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 12072961
DOI: 10.1007/s00792-001-0250-7 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Nov 2003Two Gram-positive, motile cocci, strains TF-9(T) and TF-16, were isolated from sea water of a tidal flat in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences...
Two Gram-positive, motile cocci, strains TF-9(T) and TF-16, were isolated from sea water of a tidal flat in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that the strains fall within the radiation of the cluster comprising Planococcus citreus and Planococcus kocurii, and this cluster joined the clade comprising Planomicrobium species and Planococcus alkanoclasticus and Planococcus psychrophilus with a high bootstrap resampling value. Strains TF-9(T) and TF-16 contained MK-8, MK-7 and MK-6 as the predominant menaquinones. The major fatty acid was anteiso-C(15 : 0). The DNA G+C contents of strains TF-9(T) and TF-16 were respectively 48 and 49 mol%. The level of 16S rDNA identity between strains TF-9(T) and TF-16 was 98.9 %. Strain TF-9(T) and TF-16 respectively exhibited levels of 16S rDNA identity of 97.2-98.4 and 96.9-99.5 % to the type strains of Planococcus kocurii, Planococcus citreus and Planococcus antarcticus. The mean level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strains TF-9(T) and TF-16 was 36.7 %. Strains TF-9(T) and TF-16 respectively exhibited levels of DNA-DNA relatedness of 7.1-43.4 and 3.5-80.9 % to Planococcus citreus DSM 20549(T), Planococcus kocurii DSM 20747(T) and Planococcus antarcticus DSM 14505(T). On the basis of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic data, strain TF-9(T) (=KCCM 41587(T)=JCM 11543(T)) should be placed as a novel species of the genus Planococcus, for which the name Planococcus maritimus sp. nov. is proposed, and strain TF-16 should be classified as a member of Planococcus citreus.
Topics: DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Korea; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seawater
PubMed: 14657138
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02557-0 -
Microbial Biotechnology Mar 2019The disposal of reject brine, a highly concentrated waste by-product generated by various industrial processes, represents a major economic and environmental challenge....
The disposal of reject brine, a highly concentrated waste by-product generated by various industrial processes, represents a major economic and environmental challenge. The common practice in dealing with the large amounts of brine generated is to dispose of it in a pond and allow it to evaporate. The rate of evaporation is therefore a key factor in the effectiveness of the management of these ponds. The addition of various dyes has previously been used as a method to increase the evaporation rate. In this study, a biological approach, using pigmented halophilic bacteria (as opposed to chemical dyes), was assessed. Two bacteria, an Arthrobacter sp. and a Planococcus sp. were selected due to their ability to increase the evaporation of synthetic brine. When using industrial brine, supplementation of the brine with an iron source was required to maintain the pigment production. Under these conditions, the Planococcus sp. CP5-4 produced a carotenoid-like pigment, which resulted in a 20% increase in the evaporation rate of the brine. Thus, the pigment production capability of halophilic bacteria could potentially be exploited as an effective step in the management of industrial reject brines, analogous to the crystallizer ponds used to mine salt from sea water.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Biotechnology; Iron; Pigments, Biological; Planococcus Bacteria; Salts; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Purification
PubMed: 30277309
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13319 -
Archives of Microbiology Jan 2022Oxytetracycline (OTC), is a widely used veterinary antibiotic for treatment and prophylaxis in aquaculture. As an emerging pollutant, OTC in the environment exerts...
Oxytetracycline (OTC), is a widely used veterinary antibiotic for treatment and prophylaxis in aquaculture. As an emerging pollutant, OTC in the environment exerts selective pressure on aquatic organisms causing proliferation of antibiotic resistant genes. In the present study, an OTC tolerant isolate labelled as pw2 was selected among the 11 OTC tolerant isolates, isolated from the aquaculture effluent, for investigating its OTC degrading potential. The cell morphology, biochemical characteristics, and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence of the isolated strain indicated that it belonged to the genus Planococcus. The OTC removal percentage was estimated through measuring its residual concentration in the culture medium with high performance liquid chromatography. The strain exhibited maximum removal efficiency of 90.62%, with initial OTC concentration of 10 µg/ml. The optimum degrading conditions were 35 °C and pH 7. The degradation rate of OTC with (biotic) and without strain pw2 (abiotic) was 3.253 and 1.149 mg/l/d, respectively. The half-life was recorded to be 2.13 d in the presence of strain pw2, in contrast to 6.03 days recorded without strain pw2. The total (biotic + abiotic) OTC degradation efficiency was 75.74, 83.93, 90.62, and 86.47% for the initial OTC concentrations of 1 to 25 µg/ml, respectively. Addition of carbon and nitrogen did not influence the OTC removal which indicates Planococcus sp. pw2 use OTC as sole energy source. Thus, Planococcus sp. pw2 plays a vital role in reducing the OTC concentration in the environment, offering a promising method for treatment of aquaculture effluent containing OTC.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aquaculture; Bacteria; Oxytetracycline; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34994864
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02732-6 -
Journal of Biotechnology Jun 2017The type strain Planococcus donghaensis JH1 is a psychrotolerant and halotolerant bacterium with starch-degrading ability. Here, we determine the carbon utilization...
The type strain Planococcus donghaensis JH1 is a psychrotolerant and halotolerant bacterium with starch-degrading ability. Here, we determine the carbon utilization profile of P. donghaensis JH1 and report the first complete genome of the strain. This study revealed the strain's ability to utilize pectin and d-galacturonic acid, and identified genes responsible for degradation of the polysaccharides. The genomic information provided may serve as a fundamental resource for full exploration of the biotechnological potential of P. donghaensis JH1.
Topics: DNA, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Hexuronic Acids; Pectins; Planococcus Bacteria; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 28483443
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.05.005 -
MicrobiologyOpen Jun 2020Strain Y74 was an isolate from the sandy soil in the town of Huatugou, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. An analysis of this strain's phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genomic...
Strain Y74 was an isolate from the sandy soil in the town of Huatugou, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. An analysis of this strain's phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genomic characteristics established the relationship of the isolate with the genus Planococcus. Strain Y74 was able to grow between 4 and 42°C (with an optimum temperature of 28°C) at pH values of 6-8.5 and in 0%-7% (w/v) NaCl. The dominant quinones were MK-8 and MK-7. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and an unknown phospholipid. The majority of the fatty acid content was anteiso-C (28.8%) followed by C ω7c alcohol (20.9%) and iso-C (13.4%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analysis demonstrated a stable branch formed by strain Y74 and Planococcus halotolerans SCU63 (99.66%). The digital DNA-DNA hybridization between these two strains was 57.2%. The G + C content in the DNA of Y74 was 44.5 mol%. In addition, the morphological, physiological, and chemotaxonomic pattern clearly differentiated the isolates from their known relatives. In conclusion, the strain Y74 (=JCM 32826 = CICC24461 ) represents a novel member of the genus Planococcus, for which the name Planococcus antioxidans sp. nov. is proposed. Strain Y74 was found to have potent antioxidant activity via its hydrogen peroxide tolerance and its 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity. The DPPH radical-scavenging activity was determined to be 40.2 ± 0.7%. The genomic analysis indicated that six peroxidases genes, one superoxide dismutase gene, and one dprA (DNA-protecting protein) are present in the genome of Y74 .
Topics: Antioxidants; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Genome, Bacterial; Planococcus Bacteria; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Tibet; Whole Genome Sequencing
PubMed: 32162498
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1028 -
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Feb 2020Microorganisms that survive in the high salt environment have been shown to be a potential source for metabolites with pharmaceutical importance. In the present study,...
Microorganisms that survive in the high salt environment have been shown to be a potential source for metabolites with pharmaceutical importance. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of 5 and 10% (w/v) NaCl on growth, biochemical changes, and metabolite production in seven moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from the salterns/mangrove area of South India. Metabolite production by Bacillus VITPS3 increased by 3.18-fold in the presence of 10% (w/v) NaCl concentration. Total phenolic and flavonoid content increased in Bacillus VITPS5 (11.3-fold) and Planococcus maritimus VITP21 (5.99-fold) whereas β-carotene content was less at higher NaCl concentrations. VITP21 and VITPS5, in response to NaCl, produced metabolites with higher (6.72- and 4.91-fold) DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. UV/visible spectrophotometry of the extracts confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, and related compounds. H-NMR spectra indicated substantial changes in the metabolite production in response to salt concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that VITP21 extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared with other extracts. The present study presents the first report on the comparative analysis of pigment production by moderate halophilic bacteria, in response to the effect of salt and their relation to radical scavenging property.
Topics: Antioxidants; Bacillus; Biphenyl Compounds; Free Radical Scavengers; Picrates; Pigments, Biological; Planococcus Bacteria; Sodium Chloride
PubMed: 31363982
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03107-w