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Polish Journal of Microbiology 2016Naproxen is a one of the most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) entering the environment as a result of high consumption. For this reason, there is...
Naproxen is a one of the most popular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) entering the environment as a result of high consumption. For this reason, there is an emerging need to recognize mechanisms of its degradation and enzymes engaged in this process. Planococcus sp. S5 is a gram positive strain able to degrade naproxen in monosubstrate culture (27%). However, naproxen is not a sufficient growth substrate for this strain. In the presence of benzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid or vanillic acid as growth substrates, the degradation of 21.5%, 71.71%, 14.75% and 8.16% of naproxen was observed respectively. It was shown that the activity of monooxygenase, hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase and protocatechuate 4,5-dioxyegnase in strain S5 was induced after growth of the strain with naproxen and 4-hydroxybenzoate. Moreover, in the presence of naproxen activity of gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, enzyme engaged in 4-hydroxybenzoate metabolism, was completely inhibited. The obtained results suggest that monooxygenase and hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase are the main enzymes in naproxen degradation by Planococcus sp. S5.
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bacterial Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Naproxen; Planococcus Bacteria; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 28517919
DOI: No ID Found -
International Microbiology : the... Mar 2006A survey of the extracellular ATP levels of 86 heterotrophic bacteria showed that gram-negative bacteria of the genera Sulfitobacter, Staleya, and Marinobacter secreted...
A survey of the extracellular ATP levels of 86 heterotrophic bacteria showed that gram-negative bacteria of the genera Sulfitobacter, Staleya, and Marinobacter secreted elevated amounts of extracellular ATP, ranging from 6.0 to 9.8 pM ATP/colony forming unit (cfu), and that gram-positive bacteria of the genera Kocuria and Planococcus secreted up to 4.1 pM ATP/cfu. Variations in the levels of extracellular and intracellular ATP-dependent luminescence were monitored in living cells of Sulfitobacter mediterraneus ATCC 700856T and Planococcus maritimus F 90 during 48 h of attachment on hydrophobic (poly[tert-butyl methacrylate], PtBMA) and hydrophilic (mica) surfaces. The bacteria responded to different polymeric surfaces by producing either intracellular or extracellular ATP. The level of intracellular ATP in S. mediterraneus ATCC 700856T attached to either surface was as high as 50-55 pM ATP/cfu, while in P. maritimus F 90 it was 120 and 250 pM ATP/cfu on PtBMA and mica, respectively. S. mediterraneus ATCC 700856T generated about 20 and 50 pM of extracellular ATP/cfu on PtBMA and mica, respectively, while the amount generated by P. maritimus F 90 was about the same for both surfaces, 6 pM ATP/cfu. The levels of extracellular ATP generated by S. mediterraneus during attachment on PtBMA and mica were two to five times higher than those detected during the initial screening. High-resolution atomic force microscopy imaging revealed a potentially interesting correlation between the porous cell-surface of certain alpha- and gamma-proteobacteria and their ability to secrete high amounts of ATP.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Bacterial Adhesion; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Polymers; Surface Properties
PubMed: 16636988
DOI: No ID Found -
Microbial Biotechnology May 2021Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), secreted through biological metabolic activity, secured an imperative position in remedial measures within the...
Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP), secreted through biological metabolic activity, secured an imperative position in remedial measures within the construction industry subsequent to ecological, environmental and economical returns. However, this contemporary recurrent healing system is susceptible to microbial depletion in the highly alkaline cementitious environment. Therefore, researchers are probing for alkali resistant calcifying microbes. In the present study, alkaliphilic microbes were isolated from different soil sources and screened for probable CaCO precipitation. Non-ureolytic pathway (oxidation of organic carbon) was adopted for calcite precipitation to eliminate the production of toxic ammonia. For this purpose, calcium lactate Ca(C H O ) and calcium acetate Ca(CH COO) were used as CaCO precipitation precursors. The quantification protocol for precipitated CaCO was established to select potent microbial species for implementation in the alkaline cementitious systems as more than 50% of isolates were able to precipitate CaCO . Results suggested 80% of potent calcifying strains isolated in this study, portrayed higher calcite precipitation at pH 10 when compared to pH 7. Ten superlative morphologically distinct isolates capable of CaCO production were identified by 16SrRNA sequencing. Sequenced microbes were identified as species of Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Planococcus, Chryseomicrobium and Corynebacterium. Further, microstructure of precipitated CaCO was inspected through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis. Then, the selected microbes were investigated in the cementitious mortar to rule out any detrimental effects on mechanical properties. These strains showed maximum of 36% increase in compressive strength and 96% increase in flexural strength. Bacillus, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium and Planococcus genera have been reported as CaCO producers but isolated strains have not yet been investigated in conjunction with cementitious mortar. Moreover, species of Chryseomicrobium and Glutamicibacter were reported first time as calcifying strains.
Topics: Bacillus; Bacteria; Calcium Carbonate; Chemical Precipitation; Feasibility Studies
PubMed: 33629805
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13752 -
Marine Environmental Research May 2011The present study aimed at characterizing the heavy metal resistance and assessing the resistance pattern to multiple heavy metals (300 mmol L⁻¹) by Palk Bay sediment...
The present study aimed at characterizing the heavy metal resistance and assessing the resistance pattern to multiple heavy metals (300 mmol L⁻¹) by Palk Bay sediment bacteria. From 46 isolates, 24 isolates showed resistance to more than eight heavy metals. Among the 24 isolates S8-06 (Bacillus arsenicus), S8-10 (Bacillus pumilus), S8-14 (B. arsenicus), S6-01 (Bacillus indicus), S6-04 (Bacillus clausii), SS-06 (Planococcus maritimus) and SS-08 (Staphylococcus pasteuri) exhibited high resistance against arsenic, mercury, cobalt, cadmium, lead and selenium. Plasmid curing confirmed that the heavy metal resistance in S8-10 is chromosomal borne. Upon treatment with the heavy metals, the strain S8-10 showed many morphological and physiological changes as shown by SEM, FTIR and AAS analysis. S8-10 removed 47% of cadmium and 96% of lead from the growth medium. The study suggests that sediment bacteria can be biological indicators of heavy metal contamination.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Geologic Sediments; India; Metals, Heavy; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Spectrophotometry, Atomic; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 21377723
DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2011.02.003 -
Environmental Microbiology Nov 2017The eurypsychrophilic bacterium Planococcus halocryophilus is capable of growth down to -15°C, making it ideal for studying adaptations to subzero growth. To increase...
The eurypsychrophilic bacterium Planococcus halocryophilus is capable of growth down to -15°C, making it ideal for studying adaptations to subzero growth. To increase our understanding of the mechanisms and pathways important for subzero growth, we performed proteomics on P. halocryophilus grown at 23°C, 23°C with 12% w/v NaCl and -10°C with 12% w/v NaCl. Many proteins with increased abundances at -10°C versus 23°C also increased at 23C-salt versus 23°C, indicating a closely tied relationship between salt and cold stress adaptation. Processes which displayed the largest changes in protein abundance were peptidoglycan and fatty acid (FA) synthesis, translation processes, methylglyoxal metabolism, DNA repair and recombination, and protein and nucleotide turnover. We identified intriguing targets for further research at -10°C, including PlsX and KASII (FA metabolism), DD-transpeptidase and MurB (peptidoglycan synthesis), glyoxalase family proteins (reactive electrophile response) and ribosome modifying enzymes (translation turnover). PemK/MazF may have a crucial role in translational reprogramming under cold conditions. At -10°C P. halocryophilus induces stress responses, uses resources efficiently, and carefully controls its growth and metabolism to maximize subzero survival. The present study identifies several mechanisms involved in subzero growth and enhances our understanding of cold adaptation.
Topics: Acclimatization; Bacterial Proteins; Cold Temperature; DNA Repair; Planococcus Bacteria; Proteomics
PubMed: 28834033
DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.13893 -
Bioresource Technology Aug 2023This study compared the effects of alkaline, thermal, thermal-peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and alkyl polyglucose (APG) pretreatments on volatile fatty acids (VFAs)...
This study compared the effects of alkaline, thermal, thermal-peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and alkyl polyglucose (APG) pretreatments on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from refinery waste activated sludge (RWAS), including VFAs yield, composition, organics components, microbial communities, and the potential improvement of mechanisms. All pretreatments effectively enhanced the bioconversion of RWAS and consequently promoted the hydrolysis process, which inhibited the methanogenesis process. However, the release of lignin/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)-like compounds and tannin substances in Thermal-PMS and APG groups significantly influenced the acidogenesis and acetogenesis processes. Among all pretreatments, alkaline pretreatment showed the highest VFAs yield of 95.06 mg/g volatile solids (VS) and VS removal of 17%. This result could be associated with the enrichment of functional hydrolytic-acidification bacteria, such as Planococcus and Soehngenia, and increased metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and nucleotides. By considering an economical and efficient perspective, this study recommended the alkaline pretreatment for the anaerobic fermentation of RWAS.
Topics: Fermentation; Sewage; Anaerobiosis; Fatty Acids, Volatile; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Glucans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 37141997
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129122 -
Polish Journal of Microbiology 2015This paper presents the results of the research on the number, taxonomic composition, and biochemical properties of bacterial strains isolated from the alkaline Solvay...
This paper presents the results of the research on the number, taxonomic composition, and biochemical properties of bacterial strains isolated from the alkaline Solvay distillery lime, deposited at the repository in Janikowo (central Poland). Fifteen strains out of 17 were facultative alkaliphiles and moderate halophiles, and two were alkalitolerants and moderate halophiles. The number of aerobic bacteria cultured in alkaline lime was approximately 10(5) CFU ml(-1), and the total number of bacteria was 10(7) cells g(-1). According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, nine strains belonged to the genus Bacillus, six to the genus Halomonas, one to the genus Planococcus, and one to the genus Microcella. Strains that hydrolyse starch and protein were the most numerous. Esterase (C4) and esterase lipase (C8) were detected in the majority of bacterial strains. Twelve strains exhibited α-glucosidase activity and nine, naphtol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase activity. The present study proves that alkaliphilic bacteria of this type may constitute a source of potentially useful extremozymes.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Calcium Compounds; DNA, Bacterial; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Oxides; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 26999957
DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1185236 -
Journal, Genetic Engineering &... Dec 2018Marine environments are substantially untapped source for the isolation of bacteria with the capacity to produce various extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, which have...
Marine environments are substantially untapped source for the isolation of bacteria with the capacity to produce various extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, which have important ecological roles and promising biotechnological applications. Hydrolases constitute a class of enzymes widely distributed in nature from bacteria to higher eukaryotes. Marine microbial communities are highly diverse and have evolved during extended evolutionary processes of physiological adaptations under the influence of a variety of ecological conditions and selection pressures. A number of marine hydrolases have been described, including amylases, lipases and proteases, which are being used extensively for biotechnological applications. The present study was carried out to isolate marine bacteria from continental slope sediments of the eastern Arabian Sea and explore their biotechnological potential. Among the 119 isolates screened, producers of amylases (15%), caseinases (40%), cellulases (40%), gelatinases (60%), lipases (26%), ligninases (33%), phytase (11%) and Malachite Green dye degraders (16%) were detected. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that predominant marine sediment bacteria possessing more than four enzymatic activities belonged to the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, was assigned to the genera and Biodegradation of the dye Malachite Green using the liquid decolorization assay showed that both the individual cultures () and their consortium were able to decolorize more than 70% of dye within 24 h of incubation. This is the first report on diversity and extracellular hydrolytic enzymatic activities and bioremediation properties of bacteria from continental slope sediment of eastern Arabian Sea.
PubMed: 30733732
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.06.002 -
Microorganisms Dec 2021Marine bacterial biomineralisation by CaCO precipitation provides natural limestone structures, like beachrocks and stromatolites. Calcareous deposits can also be...
Marine bacterial biomineralisation by CaCO precipitation provides natural limestone structures, like beachrocks and stromatolites. Calcareous deposits can also be abiotically formed in seawater at the surface of steel grids under cathodic polarisation. In this work, we showed that this mineral-rich alkaline environment harbours bacteria belonging to different genera able to induce CaCO precipitation. We previously isolated 14 biocalcifying marine bacteria from electrochemically formed calcareous deposits and their immediate environment. By microscopy and µ-Raman spectroscopy, these bacterial strains were shown to produce calcite-type CaCO. Identification by 16S rDNA sequencing provided between 98.5 and 100% identity with genera and . All 14 strains produced carbonic anhydrase, and six were urease positive. Both proteins are major enzymes involved in the biocalcification process. However, this does not preclude that one or more other metabolisms could also be involved in the process. In the presence of urea, CD6 exhibited the most efficient precipitation of CaCO. However, the urease pathway has the disadvantage of producing ammonia, a toxic molecule. We showed herein that different marine bacteria could induce CaCO precipitation without urea. These bacteria could then be used for eco-friendly applications, e.g., the formation of bio-cements to strengthen dikes and delay coastal erosion.
PubMed: 35056526
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010076 -
Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Mar 2019Carotenoids are isoprenoid pigments used by pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and feed industry as antioxidants and colorants. Although traditional sources of carotenoids...
Carotenoids are isoprenoid pigments used by pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and feed industry as antioxidants and colorants. Although traditional sources of carotenoids are fruits, vegetables and chemical synthesis, prospecting for alternative sinks of common and/or unusual carotenoids is important for the development of natural carotenoid industry. In this work, 30 pigmented bacterial strains from Fildes Peninsula in King George Island, Antarctica, were isolated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and classified in three phyla, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. After cells extraction, ten different carotenoids were identified based on the chromatographic and spectroscopic characteristic obtained by HPLC-PDA and HPLC-PDA-APCI-MS analyses. Strains assigned to Bacteroidetes affiliated to and genera, presented a pigment profile composed of zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin and β-carotene. Firmicutes strains of genus produced a C50 carotenoid, identified as C.p. 450 glucoside. Actinobacteria isolates were mainly assigned to genus, and few to and genera. strains produced C50 carotenoids such as decaprenoxanthin and its glucosylated derivatives, as well as some C40 carotenoids such as lycopene which is used as synthesis precursors of the C50 carotenoids. and genera produced C.p. 450 free form and its glucosylated derivatives. Although most isolates produce carotenoids similar in diversity and quantity than those already reported in the literature, novel sources for C50 carotenoids results from this work. According to their carotenoid content, all isolates could be promising candidates for carotenoids production.
PubMed: 30705834
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00306