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The Plant Cell Mar 2022Light and temperature change constantly under natural conditions and profoundly affect plant growth and development. Light and warmer temperatures promote flowering,... (Review)
Review
Light and temperature change constantly under natural conditions and profoundly affect plant growth and development. Light and warmer temperatures promote flowering, higher light intensity inhibits hypocotyl and petiole elongation, and warmer temperatures promote hypocotyl and petiole elongation. Moreover, exogenous light and temperature signals must be integrated with endogenous signals to fine-tune phytohormone metabolism and plant morphology. Plants perceive and respond to light and ambient temperature using common sets of factors, such as photoreceptors and multiple light signal transduction components. These highly structured signaling networks are critical for plant survival and adaptation. This review discusses how plants respond to variable light and temperature conditions using common elements to coordinate their development. Future directions for research on light and temperature signaling pathways are also discussed.
Topics: Arabidopsis Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Hypocotyl; Light; Plant Development; Plants; Temperature
PubMed: 34904672
DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab302 -
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal... Jun 2019Plants can solve amazingly difficult tasks while adjusting their growth and development to the environment. They can explore and exploit several resources... (Review)
Review
Plants can solve amazingly difficult tasks while adjusting their growth and development to the environment. They can explore and exploit several resources simultaneously, even when the distributions of these vary in space and time. The systematic study of plant behaviour goes back to Darwin's book The power of movement in plants. Current research has highlighted that modularity is a key to understanding plant behaviour, as the production, functional specialization and death of modules enable the plant to adjust its movement to the environment. The adjustment is assisted by a flow of information and resources among the modules. Experiments have yielded many results about these processes in various plant species. Theoretical research, however, has lagged behind the empirical studies, possibly owing to the lack of a proper modelling framework that could encompass the high number of components and interactions. In this paper, I propose such a framework on the basis of network theory, viewing the plant as a group of connected, semi-autonomous agents. I review some characteristic plant responses to the environment through changing the states of agents and/or links. I also point out some unexplored areas, in which a dialogue between plant science and network theory could be mutually inspiring. This article is part of the theme issue 'Liquid brains, solid brains: How distributed cognitive architectures process information'.
Topics: Plant Development; Plant Physiological Phenomena
PubMed: 31006361
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0371 -
Current Opinion in Biotechnology Apr 2019Plant growth and development are tightly regulated by compounds produced in trace amounts in the plant. Besides the classical phytohormones, many plant metabolites have... (Review)
Review
Plant growth and development are tightly regulated by compounds produced in trace amounts in the plant. Besides the classical phytohormones, many plant metabolites have been described to affect plant development. Among these are several phenylpropanoids, although conclusive evidence for their bioactivity at physiologically relevant concentrations is only available for cinnamic acid. By inhibition of auxin efflux transport, the cis-isoform of cinnamic acid alters auxin homeostasis, resulting in auxin-related growth effects. Despite insight into its mode of action, the molecular target of cis-cinnamic acid is not yet known, and it remains to be determined whether this or other phenylpropanoids have a role to play in regulating plant growth and development under normal or stress conditions.
Topics: Plant Development; Plant Growth Regulators; Propanols
PubMed: 30530240
DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.11.012 -
The Plant Cell Oct 2012We now have unprecedented capability to generate large data sets on the myriad genes and molecular players that regulate plant development. Networks of interactions... (Review)
Review
We now have unprecedented capability to generate large data sets on the myriad genes and molecular players that regulate plant development. Networks of interactions between systems components can be derived from that data in various ways and can be used to develop mathematical models of various degrees of sophistication. Here, we discuss why, in many cases, it is productive to focus on small networks. We provide a brief and accessible introduction to relevant mathematical and computational approaches to model regulatory networks and discuss examples of small network models that have helped generate new insights into plant biology (where small is beautiful), such as in circadian rhythms, hormone signaling, and tissue patterning. We conclude by outlining some of the key technical and modeling challenges for the future.
Topics: Body Patterning; Circadian Clocks; Feedback, Physiological; Gene Regulatory Networks; Models, Biological; Plant Development
PubMed: 23110896
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.101840 -
International Review of Cytology 1992
Review
Topics: Cyclopentanes; Oxylipins; Plant Development
PubMed: 1618607
DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)62040-9 -
Plant Cell Reports Nov 2018Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a proven effective and potent synthetic plant growth regulator for organogenic, regeneration, and developmental pathways, including axillary and... (Review)
Review
Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a proven effective and potent synthetic plant growth regulator for organogenic, regeneration, and developmental pathways, including axillary and adventitious shoot proliferation, somatic embryogenesis, and in vitro flowering. TDZ has facilitated the establishment of in vitro cultures for several plant species, especially woody and recalcitrant plants, which has enabled their genetic transformation and improvement. Despite the effectiveness and advantages of using TDZ, several drawbacks are associated with its application in plant tissue culture. This review addresses the morphological, physiological, and cytogenetic abnormalities associated with the use of TDZ in vitro, and provides a summary of these abnormalities in several plant species.
Topics: Phenylurea Compounds; Plant Development; Plant Growth Regulators; Plants; Thiadiazoles; Tissue Culture Techniques
PubMed: 30051285
DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2326-1 -
Current Biology : CB Oct 2023Interview with Enrico Coen, who studies plant growth and shape at the John Innes Centre.
Interview with Enrico Coen, who studies plant growth and shape at the John Innes Centre.
Topics: Plant Development
PubMed: 37875072
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.09.026 -
Journal of Plant Research May 2015Plant cell dedifferentiation has long attracted interest as a key process for understanding the plasticity of plant development. In early studies, typical examples of... (Review)
Review
Plant cell dedifferentiation has long attracted interest as a key process for understanding the plasticity of plant development. In early studies, typical examples of plant cell dedifferentiation were described as physiological and cytological changes associated with wound healing or regenerative development. Subsequently, plant tissue and cell culture techniques, in which exciting progress was achieved after discovery of the hormonal control of cell proliferation and organogenesis in vitro in the 1950s, have been used extensively to study dedifferentiation. The pioneer studies of plant tissue/cell culture led to the hypothesis that many mature plant cells retain totipotency and related dedifferentiation to the initial step of the expression of totipotency. Plant tissue/cell cultures have provided experimental systems not only for physiological analysis, but also for genetic and molecular biological analysis, of dedifferentiation. More recently, proteomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic analyses have been applied to the study of plant cell dedifferentiation. All of these works have expanded our knowledge of plant cell dedifferentiation, and current research is contributing to unraveling the molecular mechanisms. The present article provides a brief overview of the history of research on plant cell dedifferentiation.
Topics: Cell Dedifferentiation; Epigenomics; Plant Development; Plants; Proteome; Proteomics; Transcriptome
PubMed: 25725626
DOI: 10.1007/s10265-015-0706-y -
Plant Science : An International... Sep 2021Gene transcription is critical for various cellular processes and is precisely controlled at multiple levels, and posttranslational modification (PTM) is a fast and... (Review)
Review
Gene transcription is critical for various cellular processes and is precisely controlled at multiple levels, and posttranslational modification (PTM) is a fast and powerful way to regulate transcription factors (TFs). SUMOylation, which conjugates small ubiquitin-related modiļ¬er (SUMO) molecules to protein substrates, is a crucial PTM that modulates the activity, stability, subcellular localization, and partner interactions of TFs in plant cells. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of SUMOylation in the regulation of transcription in plant development and stress responses. We also discuss the crosstalk between SUMOylation and other PTMs, as well as the potential functions of SUMOylation in the regulation of transcription-associated complexes on plant chromatin. This summary and perspective will improve understanding of the molecular mechanism of PTMs in plant transcription regulation.
Topics: Plant Cells; Plant Development; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Sumoylation; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 34315601
DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110987 -
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nov 2012In many signaling pathways, various factors have been isolated by molecular genetic studies and wholegenome analysis. Understanding the interactions among these factors... (Review)
Review
In many signaling pathways, various factors have been isolated by molecular genetic studies and wholegenome analysis. Understanding the interactions among these factors is crucial to understanding the signaling process as a whole. Recent studies on auxin signaling in the regulation of plant growth and development have discovered primary factors interacting with each other, and elucidated a very simple pathway modulating gene expression in response to auxin. However, these studies of auxin-signaling led to the question of how such a simple pathway generates multiple types of regulation in various processes of different cells throughout the life of a plant. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in auxin biology focusing on protein-protein interactions in the signal transduction pathway and discuss various possibilities and approaches to resolve the issue.
Topics: Indoleacetic Acids; Plant Development; Plant Proteins; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 22039810
DOI: 10.2174/138920101314151120122745